Music appreciation is one of the contents of kindergarten art education. It refers to using specific musical works as the object, through listening and other auxiliary means, to feel, understand, appreciate and evaluate the true meaning of musical and artistic works. , an aesthetic activity that provides spiritual pleasure. Choosing appropriate works is an important part of children's music appreciation activities. How to choose music appreciation works for children?
1. It depends on the characteristics of the music work itself
It has Strong ideological and artistic level. Music has no national boundaries. It has the artistic charm of moving people with emotion and emotions. It can move and infect people through the expression and expression of emotions. Young children are very imaginative and love fantasy, so vivid and varied music melodies and rhythms can stimulate children's imagination; at the same time, children's emotions are exposed, and emotionally contagious music can not only arouse children's inner feelings, but also Making them dance uncontrollably. Therefore, the music works selected for children must be highly ideological, artistic, and have distinctive style characteristics, so that the content, images, and emotions expressed in the music will be loved, understood, and accepted by children, and can arouse their emotions. interest.
Rich in diversity. Music works suitable for children to appreciate mainly include: excellent Chinese and foreign children's songs, instrumental music adapted from songs, simple instrumental music specially created for children, musical fairy tale fragments specially created for children, famous Chinese and foreign musical works or fragments thereof . It can be seen that the content, form and style of children's music appreciation works are diverse. From the content point of view, there are works that reflect social life and nature, as well as works that reflect children's life and inner world; from the form point of view, they have Different forms of songs, instrumental music, etc.; in terms of style, it includes marches, lullabies, waltzes, etc. It also includes excellent Chinese and foreign works and excellent folk music from different eras. Music appreciation works with a wide range of themes, diverse forms and full of artistic beauty can expand children's artistic horizons and enrich their knowledge and experience of music appreciation.
The structure should be neat. When choosing works for music appreciation activities for young children, we must also consider whether the proportions and structure of the work are reasonable. Generally speaking, music works with simple form, neat structure and moderate length are more suitable for young children to appreciate. In the process of selecting works, we often find that some excellent famous Chinese and foreign works, or musical fairy tales specially created for children, sometimes have difficulty meeting these requirements in terms of structure or length. This requires teachers to match the works with the actual needs of children. Combined with the situation, carefully analyze and excerpt, select the more common passages or music with obvious rhythm changes in the work to refine it, so that it meets or is close to the cognitive level and receptive ability of the children. For example, the big class music appreciation activity "Dance of the Golden Snake" originally had the structure of "Introduction 1 A-B-A-B-A". After the teacher's thinking and excerpts, the work was compressed into "Introduction 1 A-B- A's simple trilogy structure not only respects the work itself, but also meets the educational requirements. 2. The selection of music works for children in small classes is in line with the age characteristics of children.
Children aged 3 to 4 years old in small classes have a very limited ability to understand music due to their physiological and psychological development levels. They often show a strong interest in "listening" and will listen to the surrounding environment willingly and spontaneously. various sounds and actively distinguish these sounds. "Listening" is a very important basic skill that children must possess. It is the basic starting point for implementing music education for children, and it is also the premise and foundation for music appreciation. Therefore, teachers can choose more listening materials for children in small classes and lay a good and solid foundation for future music appreciation activities in middle and large classes. For example, the small class music appreciation activity "Children's Walk" allows children to follow the different sound changes in the music and understand a series of activities such as sleeping, getting up, walking, listening to thunder, watching the weather, blowing strong winds, raining heavily, and running home. Young children express and perform creatively. At the same time, teachers can also choose some musical elements with a single structure, distinctive image, and short length for them to appreciate. For example, the musical work "Bunny Hop" uses cheerful skipping sounds and beautiful fast-paced melody to express the scene of a jumping bunny; "Little Bear Blowing the Trumpet" uses low and slow music expression techniques to show the naive image of a little bear; "Swallow" is soothing, graceful and smooth, allowing children to feel the swallows flying freely and comfortably in the sky, etc. Although children in small classes cannot yet express their feelings about the works well in language, they will gain physical and mental pleasure by appreciating these music, using their bodies to imitate and express themselves creatively, so as to achieve the purpose of appreciation and provide them with This will pave the way for you to appreciate richer and more diversified musical works in the future.
Selection of musical works for middle-class children. When children reach the age of 4 to 5, their listening ability to appreciate music has improved, and they can gradually distinguish different changes in sounds, which is specifically reflected in the further enhancement of their listening ability, perception ability, and listening ability. At this time, they can experience some songs and music with different themes, distinctive styles and short structures. Therefore, teachers can choose some music works with distinctive styles, such as waltzes, marches, lullabies, etc., and they can also choose some music works with repeated phrases and sections, such as some music with AB structure and some simple ABA structure. A tripartite work.
Compared with children in small classes, children in middle classes have continuously developed their ability to understand music during the process of music appreciation, and their ability to express music creatively has also been continuously enhanced. Children in this period can basically understand the moods and emotions expressed by music, and thus generate certain imaginations and associations, and then use external actions to reflect them. Therefore, teachers can choose some emotional and plot-rich musical works for children to appreciate, allowing them to initially learn to use different artistic performance forms to express their feelings and understanding of music, such as language and literature, art painting, rhythmic movements and dance, etc. .
Selection of musical works for children in upper classes. Children in the upper class have made greater progress in their ability to feel and understand music. As their music experience continues to enrich and accumulate, they can feel and identify more complex music works, and distinguish the structure, mood and style of the works. nuances, while also being able to analyze and classify similar musical works with distinctive musical images. Their ability to express musical feelings in language has been enhanced, and they can boldly imagine in the process of music changes. Therefore, when choosing music works for them, teachers can choose more famous Chinese and foreign excellent music, as well as instruments specially created for young children. Music, children's musicals, fairy tales, etc., such as "Dance of the Four Little Swans", "Fantasia", "Peter and the Wolf", "Piccolo", etc. 3. Close to children’s lives and in line with children’s interests
The appropriate selection of music appreciation works is the prerequisite for children’s feelings, expressions and creations. Therefore, when choosing music works for children, their interests should be taken into consideration Hobby, and good at introducing familiar content from children's lives into music activities, so that children can imagine and express with movements in connection with real life. Only when children have personal experience can they develop a desire to express themselves in music. For example, the musical work "The Hard-working Man and the Lazy Man" talks about kitchen labor, which is familiar to young children. It combines the children's real life and "doll's house" experience, laying a very good foundation for appreciation activities. The teacher's appropriate inspiration and guidance during the activities can arouse each child's enthusiasm and enthusiasm to participate in the appreciation activities, and naturally associate and feel: some music seems like the mother is washing and choosing vegetables, and some music seems like the mother is chopping vegetables. , and some music sounds like my mother is cooking, etc. Gradually, the children enjoyed the music happily with strong interest. At the same time, they combined the labor in daily life with the musical image that matched it, achieving the purpose of truly appreciating music.
It is not difficult to find that many children in life are very interested in some popular music and can often hum a few lines casually. Starting from children's lives and interests, popular music in the adult world can also be used as a theme for children's music appreciation, but teachers need to combine children's cognitive levels and carefully think, deliberate, extract and sublimate the works to screen and filter them. . For example, children love the very popular songs "Mouse Loves Rice" and "Two Butterflies" some time ago. Therefore, the adult lyrics in the songs can be understood in a child-like way, and the emotions describing love in the songs can be transformed into The emotion of friendship, such sublimated works are more suitable for children to appreciate, and are easier to be understood and accepted by children, getting rid of the misunderstanding that "pop music is not suitable for children to appreciate". 4. Closely connect thematic activities and achieve a combination of points and aspects
Currently, thematic teaching activities are widely carried out in kindergartens at all levels. In theme activities, children can conduct in-depth study and exploration of a certain theme under the guidance of teachers. When choosing music appreciation works, we can also choose typical representatives based on the children's existing knowledge and experience in the theme background. to appreciate the works. For example, during the development of the "Colorful Ethnic Customs" activity of the top class theme "Chinese Children", the children developed a strong interest in the Mongolian people with distinctive ethnic characteristics. Especially after visiting the "Inner Mongolia Customs Garden", they explored Mongolia The interest of the tribe is even more intense. The beautiful prairie, the lively Naadam Conference, and the fierce horse racing competition are all topics that they are paying close attention to recently. Therefore, combined with the experience of theme activities and children's interest in the national custom of horse racing, we chose "Horse Racing", an erhu solo with a typical Mongolian style. By appreciating the work, children can have a preliminary understanding of the timbre and expressive power of the erhu. , feel the warm and jubilant horse racing scene of the Mongolian people expressed in the music, and cultivate children's understanding and sensitivity to music. In this way, a single children's music appreciation activity is closely integrated into the theme activities, achieving a comprehensive integration.
Every appreciation work is a work of art woven with sound. Let us take the children to listen with their hearts, experience with emotions, strive to achieve the art education goals of quality education, and let music become children's The greatest joy in life.