1. Translation of the ancient text < >

When the Liuyi layman was first demoted to the mountain village of Chuzhou, he called himself a drunkard. He was old, weak, and sick. He was about to bid farewell to officialdom and go to the shore of Yingshui River to spend his old age, so he changed his name to Liuyi layman.

A guest asked: "Six Day, what is it about?" The layman said: "I have 10,000 volumes of books in my house, which contain a thousand inscriptions from the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. There is a piano, a chess game, and a jug of wine." The guest said, "These are only five ones. How do you say 'six one'?" The layman said, "Including me, an old man. , among these five kinds of things, isn’t this ‘Six One’?” The guest smiled and said, “You are probably a person who wants to escape fame, so you change your name many times, just like what Zhuangzi mocked. That person who is afraid of the shadow but runs into the sunshine; I will see you like that person, running quickly, gasping for air, dying of thirst, but reputation cannot escape." The layman said: "I know that reputation cannot. Escape, but I also know that there is no need to escape; I gave this name just to express my pleasure. "The guest said: "How about your pleasure?" The layman said: "Can you describe my pleasure? When I am so proud of these five things, I can't see Mount Tai in front of me, and I don't panic when thunder splits pillars. Even if I play the music of Jiushao in the wilderness of Dongting Lake, or watch the great battle in Zhuolu, it's not enough. Describe my happiness and comfort. However, I often worry that I cannot enjoy these five items because the world has brought too much burden on me. Two of them are official cars, official uniforms, talismans, and seals. The outside makes my body feel tired, the worries and thoughts from the inside make me feel tired, making me look haggard even though I am not sick. I am not old but my spirit is exhausted. What free time do I have to spend on these five things? In this way, it has been three years since I asked the imperial court to resign and return to my hometown. (If) one day the emperor expresses compassion for me and gives me this old bone so that I can return to my hometown together with these five items, there is hope. My long-cherished wish has come true. This is why I express my pleasure.” The guest smiled again and said, “You know that official cars, official uniforms, talisman letters, and seals and ribbons strain your body, but you don’t know that these five items are hard on your body. Will it also be tiring?" The layman said, "That's not the case. I have been burdened by the officialdom, and I have a lot of sorrows. I am attracted by these things, and I am happy that there is no disaster. Which direction should I choose? "So he stood up with the guests, shook hands and laughed and said: "Stop arguing, trivial matters are not worth comparing."

Afterwards, the layman sighed and said: "Scholars start becoming officials when they are young. There are often people who retire when they are older than 70 years old. I have always envied them. This is the first reason why I should resign. I have been appointed by the current government, but so far I have no commendable political achievements. , this is the second reason why you should resign. If you are strong and fashionable, now you are old and sick, and you will be greedy for a superior position and salary with a weak body. This will violate your usual wishes and eat your words. The third reason why I should resign. I have these three reasons why I should resign. Even if I don’t have these five things, I should resign. What else can I say? ”

September of the third year of Xining! On the seventh day, the autobiography of a layman on June 1st. 2. Please give me the translation of the ancient text. If you know it, please tell me. Thank you.

The Biography of the Six-Year Buddhist Master Ouyang Xiu.

Since he is old, frail and sick, and is about to retire on the Yingshui River, he will be renamed Liuyi layman. A guest asked: "What is the Sixth Day?" The layman said: "My family has a collection of ten thousand volumes of books, a collection of one thousand volumes of inscriptions and inscriptions from three generations. There is a harp, a chess game, and a pot of wine. "

The guest said: "It's the fifth day of the year, what can I do?" The layman said: "I am a man who lives among these five things, isn't it the sixth day of the year?" The guest laughed. Said: "Is the son trying to escape his name? He changed his name many times. This is what Zhuang Sheng criticized for being afraid of shadows and walking almost in the middle of the sun. When I saw my son running away, he panted and died of thirst, but his name could not escape."

The layman said: "Because I am famous, I cannot escape, but I also know that my husband does not have to escape. I gave this name to express my happiness."

The guest said, "How is it fun?" The layman said, "My happiness is better than the Tao!" Fang Qi was pleased with the five things. He could not see the Taishan Mountain in front of him, he was not startled by the rapid thunder that broke the pillars. Although the nine tunes were heard in the fields of Dongting, and he read about the battle in the plains of Zhuolu, it was not enough to describe his joy and comfort.

However, I am always happy to be in trouble, and many people are tired of me in the world. There are two great ones: Xuan Shang Gui* group troubles my body on the outside, and worries and worries trouble my heart on the inside, so that my body is not sick but only haggard, and my heart is prematurely aging before I am old. How can I have time for the five things? Although I had been begging for his body for three years, one day the emperor mourned me and gave him his bones, so that he returned to the farmhouse with these five things, so that I could fulfill his long-cherished wish.

This is why I am determined. The guest laughed again and said: "You know that Xuan Shang Gui*'s body is tired, but he doesn't know that the five things are tired and his heart is?" The layman said, "No."

Those who are tired of that are exhausted and have many worries; those who are tired of this are already lost, but fortunately they are not in trouble. What choice should I make? So he got up with the guests, shook hands and laughed and said: "It's just a mere comparison." "

He sighed and said: "The husband and the scholar are in official positions when they are young, and they retire when they are old. There are some who do not wait until they are seventy." I admire it so much that I should go away.

I tried to use it for the time being, but it was useless at the end, so it is better to leave it. The same is true for being strong, but now that you are old and sick, you have muscles that are difficult to strengthen, and you are greedy for excessive honors and salaries. This will violate your original aspirations and eat your own words, so it is better to go away.

I have three things to go with. Even though I don’t have five things, it is appropriate to leave. How can I do that? "On September 7, the third year of Xining, he wrote the autobiography of the layman Liuyi. He wrote "The Biography of the layman Liuyi".

He described his life interests in his later years, and he yearned for reading, appreciating inscriptions, playing the piano, playing chess, and drinking. To spend the rest of the day. In a word, the spirit of Liuyi layman is that a drunkard is never drunk, and a layman is never idle. 3. The original text and translation of Liuyi layman are available online

Original text:

Liuyi Jushi was first banished to Chushan, and he called himself Drunken Old Man. When he was about to retire on Yingshui River, he changed his name to Liuyi Jushi.

Keyou. He asked: "What does it mean to be sixty-one?" The layman said: "My family has a collection of ten thousand volumes of books, a collection of one thousand volumes of inscriptions and inscriptions from three dynasties. There is a harp, a game of chess, and a pot of wine." The guest said, "It's May Day. What can I do?" The layman said: "I am a man who lives among these five things. Isn't this six-one?" The guest laughed and said, "Do you want to escape from fame?" And he changed his name many times. This is what Zhuang Sheng criticized for being afraid of shadows and walking almost in the middle of the sun. I will see my son running away, panting and dying of thirst, and I can't escape because of my name. "The layman said: "Because I am well-known, I cannot escape, but I also know that my husband does not have to escape. I gave him this name to express my happiness. The guest said, "How is it fun?" The layman said, "My happiness is better than the Tao!" Fang Qi was pleased with the five things. Mount Tai was in front of him but he could not see it, thunder broke the pillars without being startled. Even though the nine tunes sounded in the fields of Dongting, and he read about the battle in the plains of Zhuolu, it was not enough to express his joy and comfort. However, there are many people who are tired of the worldly affairs and are very happy to do so. There are two great ones. The Xuanshanggui group troubles my body on the outside, and worries and worries trouble my heart on the inside, so that my body is not sick but only haggard, and my heart is prematurely aging before I am old. How can I have time for the five things? Although I had been begging for his body for three years, one day the emperor mourned me and gave him his bones, so that he returned to the farmhouse with these five things, so that I could fulfill his long-cherished wish. This is why I am determined. The guest laughed again and said: "You know that the Xuan Shang Gui group is tired and its shape is heavy, but you don't know that the five things are tired and its mind is?" The layman said, "No." Those who are tired of that are exhausted and have many worries; those who are tired of this are already lost, but fortunately they are not in trouble. What choice should I make? So he got up with the guests, shook hands and laughed and said: "It's just a mere comparison." "

He sighed and said: "The husband and the scholar are in official positions when they are young, and they retire when they are old. There are some who do not wait until they are seventy." I admire it so much that I should go away. I tried to use it for the time, but it was useless at the end, so it is better to go away. The same is true for being strong, but now that you are old and sick, you have muscles that are difficult to strengthen, and you are greedy for excessive honors and salaries. This will violate your original aspirations and eat your own words, so it is better to go away. I have three things to go with. Even though I don’t have five things, it is still appropriate for me to leave. How can I do that? "On September 7, the third year of Xining, the Liuyi layman's autobiography.

Translation:

When the Liuyi layman was first demoted to the mountain village of Chuzhou, he took the title of drunkard. He was old, weak, and sick. He was about to bid farewell to officialdom and go to the shore of Yingshui River to spend his old age, so he changed his name to Liuyi layman.

A guest asked: "Six Day, what is it about?" The layman said: "I have 10,000 volumes of books hidden in my home, and I have collected 1,000 volumes of epigraphic texts from the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. Zhang Qin has a game of chess and a pot of wine. The guest said, "These are just five items. How do you say 'six one'?" The layman said, "In addition, I, an old man, have these five items." I'm getting old in the middle, isn't this 'June 1'?" The guest said with a smile: "You are probably a person who wants to escape from fame, so you change your name many times. This is just like the person Zhuangzi mocked who ran away because of the shadow. People who go out in the sun; I will see you (like that person), running quickly, gasping for air, dying of thirst, but reputation cannot escape." The layman said: "I already know that reputation cannot escape, and I also know that. There is no need for me to escape; I only used this name to record my pleasure." The guest said, "How about your pleasure?" The layman said, "How can I describe my pleasure? When you get interest in these five things, you can't see Mount Tai in front of you, and you don't panic when thunder splits pillars. Even if you play Jiushao music in the wilderness of Dongting Lake, and watch the great battle in Zhuolu, it's not enough to describe yourself. Happiness and comfort. However, I often worry about not being able to enjoy myself in these five items because the world brings too much burden to me. Two of them are the biggest ones: official cars, official uniforms, talismans, and seals. My body feels tired, worries and thoughts make my heart feel tired from within, making me look haggard even though I am not sick. I am not old, but my spirit is exhausted. Even so, what free time do I have to spend on these five things? It has been three years since I asked the imperial court to resign and return to my hometown. (If) one day the emperor expresses compassion for me and gives me this old bone so that I can return to my hometown with these five items, there is almost hope that it will come true. That’s why I wrote about my pleasure.” The guest smiled and said, “You know that official cars, official uniforms, talismans, and seals are hard on your body, but you don’t know that these five items are also tiring. Will it be tiring?" The layman said, "That's not the case. I have been burdened by the officialdom and have a lot of sorrows. I am attracted by these things, and I am happy that there is no disaster. Which direction should I choose? So he stood up with the guests, shook hands and laughed and said: "Stop arguing, trivial matters are not worth comparing."

After the debate, the layman sighed and said: "Scholars start becoming officials when they are young. There are often people who retire when they are older than 70 years old. I have always envied them. This is the first reason why I should resign. I was once appointed by the government, but in the end I had no commendable political achievements. , this is the second reason why you should resign. You are strong and fashionable, and now you are old and sick. If you are greedy for a higher position and salary with an unsupportable body, you will violate your usual wishes and eat your words. This is what you should do. The third reason for resigning. I have these three reasons for resigning. Even if I don’t have these five items, (I) should resign. What else can I say?”

Three years of Xining! September 7th, Liuyi layman’s autobiography.

I hope my answer is helpful to you. If you have any questions, feel free to ask.

Please adopt it in time if you are satisfied, thank you! 4. Please give me the translation of the ancient text. If you know it, please tell me. Thank you

When the Liuyi layman was first demoted to the mountain village of Chuzhou, he called himself a drunkard. He was old, weak, and sick. He was about to bid farewell to officialdom and go to the shore of Yingshui River to spend his old age, so he changed his name to Liuyi layman.

A guest asked: "Six Day, what is it about?" The layman said: "I have 10,000 volumes of books hidden in my home, and my ancestors have collected 1,000 volumes of inscriptions on gold and stone from Zhou and Qin to the Five Dynasties. There is a piano, a chess game, and a pot of wine." The guest said, "These are just five ones. How do you say 'six one'?" The layman said, "Including me, an old man. Growing old among these five things, isn’t this ‘June 1’?”

The guest smiled and said: “You are probably a person who wants to escape fame, so you have changed your name many times. . This is just like the person Zhuangzi mocked who was afraid of the shadow but ran into the sun; I will see you (like that person) running quickly, gasping for air, and dying of thirst, but your reputation cannot escape. Said: "I know that I can't escape fame, but I also know that there is no need to escape; I chose this name just to record my pleasure.

"

The guest said: "How is your fun? "The layman said: "Can I describe all the fun I have! When you gain interest in these five things, you won't be able to see Mount Tai in front of you, and you won't be panicked when thunder splits the pillars; even if you play the music of Jiushao in the wilderness of Dongting Lake, or watch the great battle in Zhuolu, it's not enough. Describe your own happiness and comfort. However, I often worry that I cannot enjoy these five items to the fullest because the world is dragging me down too much. There are two major aspects among them. Official cars, official uniforms, talisman letters, and seals and ribbons make my body feel tired from the outside. Worries and worries make my heart feel tired from the inside. I am not sick but already look haggard. I am not old. But the spirit is exhausted, what time is left to spend on these five items? Even so, it has been three years since I asked the imperial court to resign and return to my hometown. (If) one day the emperor expresses sympathy for me and gives me this old bone so that I can return to my hometown with these five items. There is hope that my long-cherished wish will come true. That's why I write about my fun. "

The guest smiled and said: "You know that official cars, official uniforms, talisman letters, and seals and ribbons strain your body, but don't you know that these five items will also strain your mind? "The layman said: "That's not the case. I have been burdened by the officialdom, have worked hard, and have many sorrows. Being attracted by these items makes me feel comfortable and happy that there is no disaster. Which will I choose? So he stood up with the guests, shook hands and laughed and said: "Stop arguing, trivial matters are not worth comparing." "

Afterwards, the layman sighed and said: "Scholars start working as officials when they are young and retire when they are old. There are often people who retire before they are seventy years old. I have always envied them, and this was the first reason why I should resign. I was once appointed by the current government, but in the end I had no commendable political achievements. This is the second reason why I should resign. Being strong and fashionable is like this, but now you are old and sick. If you covet a superior position and salary with a weak body, you will go against your usual wishes and eat your words. This is the third reason for leaving your job. I have these three reasons why I should resign. Even if I don’t have these five items, (I) should resign. What else should I say? ”

On September 7, the third year of Xining, the autobiography of the layman Liu Yi.

5. Translation of the Biography of the Six-Yi layman: When the Six-Yi layman was first banished to Chushan, he called himself a drunkard. He was old, decrepit and sick. The drunkard was old, weak and sick. He was about to bid farewell to officialdom and go to the shore of Yingshui River to spend his old age, so he changed his name to Liuyi layman. A guest asked: "Liuyi, what is it about?" The layman said: "I have 10,000 volumes of books in my house, including 1,000 volumes of inscriptions and inscriptions from the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties. I have a piano, a chess board, and a jug of wine." The guest said. "These are just five items. How do you say 'Six One'?" The layman said, "Including me, an old man, among these five items, isn't this a 'Six One'?" The guest said with a smile. : "You are probably a person who wants to escape fame, so you change your name many times. This is just like the person Zhuangzi ridiculed who was afraid of the shadow but ran into the sun; I will see you like that person, quickly Running, gasping for air, dying of thirst, but fame cannot escape." The layman said: "I know that fame cannot escape, but I also know that there is no need to escape; I took this name just to mark my pleasure. ." The guest asked: "How is your pleasure?" The layman said: "Can I describe my pleasure enough? When I am so happy with these five things, I can't see Mount Tai in front of me, and the lightning splits the pillars. Don’t panic; even playing Jiushao music in the wilderness of Dongting Lake and watching the great battle in Zhuolu are not enough to describe your happiness and comfort. However, I often worry that I cannot enjoy these five items because of the worldly affairs. There are too many burdens on me. Two of them are the biggest ones. Official cars, official uniforms, talisman letters, and seals and ribbons make my body feel tired from the outside. Worries and worries make my heart feel tired from the inside, which prevents me from getting sick. I already look haggard, and my spirit is exhausted even though I am not old. What free time do I have to spend on these five items? Even so, I have been requesting the imperial court to retire and return to my hometown for three years. (If) one day the emperor sends a message of mercy. You have pity on me and gave me this old bone so that I can return to the countryside with these five items, and then I can hope to realize my original wish. This is why I marked my pleasure." The guest smiled again. Said: "You know that official cars, official uniforms, talisman letters, and seals and ribbons strain your body, but don't you know that these five items will also strain your mind?" The layman said, "That's not the case. I have been dragged down by the officialdom and have already worked hard. There is a lot of sorrow; being attracted by these items is both comfortable and fortunate that there is no disaster. Which direction will I choose?" So he stood up with the guest, shook hands and laughed and said, "Stop arguing, it's just a trivial matter. It’s worthy of comparison.” Afterwards, the layman sighed and said, “Students start working as officials when they are young and retire when they are old. There are often people who retire before they are seventy years old. I have always envied them. This is why I should resign. The first reason. I was once appointed by the current government, but so far I have no commendable political achievements. This is the second reason why I should resign. I am strong and fashionable, but now I am old and sick, and I have to go to work with a body that is difficult to support. If you are in love with a position that exceeds your salary, you will go against your usual wishes and break your promise. This is the third reason why you should resign. I have these three reasons for resigning. Even if I don't have these five things, I should resign. What more should I say! "On September 7, the third year of Xining, the autobiography of the layman Liu Yi... 6.

The origin of the theory of Liu Yi. According to the "Biography of Ouyang Xiu" in the history of Song Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu was banished to Chushan and called himself drunk. The old man is old and sad, and will retire to Yingshang, so he is called "Liuyiju". A guest asked: What does Liuyi mean? The layman said: My family has a collection of ten thousand volumes, which contains a thousand inscriptions and inscriptions from three generations. There is a piano, a game of chess, and a pot of wine in the hall. The guest said: "It's called May Day, but why?" The layman said: "I am an old man among these five things, isn't it six one?" This historical data makes the origin of "June 1st" very clear. Among them, "Only I am an old man" is replaced by "A pair of cranes" in the "Chinese Dictionary". This substitution has a certain reason. Because Ouyang Xiu He practiced Taoism devoutly and was known as a layman by wearing Taoist robes. The crane is a cherished object of Taoism and is also the Taoist bird of honor. The gods worshiped by Taoism all ride on white cranes. The birthplace of Taoism is called Heming Mountain. "" said: Liuyi Gong is an immortal. People see him temporarily living in the human world, but they don't know that he rides on clouds and rides the wind, travels through the five mountains and crosses the sea. The ride on the clouds and rides on the wind should be a crane. This is probably the use of "a pair of cranes". "Replace the reason of "I am an old man". The spirit of Liuyi laymen, in one sentence, is that a drunkard is never drunk and a layman is never idle. The overall design idea of ??Liuyi Hall appropriately reflects this.

7. Please sort out the words and phrases in "The Biography of the Six-Yi Jushi" to clarify the characters, multiple meanings of one word, different meanings of ancient and modern times, and flexible use of word categories.

Key words: First banished to Chushan: the sixth year of Qingli (1046), Ouyang Xiu was demoted to Chuzhou magistrate at the age of forty. He was about to retire on the Ying River: In the first year of Xining (1068), Ouyang Xiu built a house in Yingzhou (now Fuyang City, Anhui) and prepared to retire here. Three generations: refers to Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty. Epigraphic texts: refers to the rubbings of bells, tripods and stone inscriptions collected by Ouyang Xiu. Ouyang Xiu wrote "Collection of Stones", which is the earliest existing monograph on epigraphy in my country. Escape from fame: avoid living in order to avoid fame. This Zhuang Sheng criticized those who are afraid of shadows and walk almost in the middle of the sun: "Zhuangzi Fisherman" said: "People who are afraid of shadows and walk away from evil traces, the more they move (shuò, fast), the more traces they make, and the more they walk, the more they move. When you are sick, your shadow never leaves your body. You think you are still too late, so you run endlessly. You try your best to die. You don’t know how to rest your shadow in the shadows, or to stop your traces in the quiet place. This is very foolish." Zhuang Sheng, referring to Zhuangzi. Ridicule, ridicule. Nine Memorials : That is "Jiu Shao", the music of the time of Yu and Shun. The Battle in the Plains of Zhuolu: "Historical Records: The Chronicles of the Five Emperors" records that the emperor and Chi You fought in the wilderness of Zhuolu, and Chi You was captured and killed in the tunnel. Xuan Shanggui Group: refers to ancient times The car the minister drives, the clothes he wears, the jade plate he holds, and the seal and ribbon he wears always refer to official affairs. One day: Once, one day. Give his bones: It is a metaphor that the emperor agreed to his retirement. Shuji: Probably, almost; Maybe. Anonymous: comfortable, comfortable. Not waiting for seventy: In ancient times, it was stipulated that officials should retire at the age of seventy ("to become an official" or "to become a political official"). Ouyang Xiu was sixty-four when he wrote this article, so others would retire before seventy. Self-explanation of actions. When used: refers to officials. Untitled: has no commendable political achievements. Goes against one's original aspirations and breaks one's words: goes against one's life ambitions and does not keep one's words. Ouyang Xiu had already served as the magistrate of Yingzhou in the first year of Huangyou. Meng means returning to the field to retire. Later, in the "Preface to the Record of Returning to the Field", he clearly expresses his wish to "retreat from honor and favor, and enjoy the fields." Su Zhi, the consistent ambition. Update: change. It is: this, this. Gu: Originally, of course. . Lao: The adjective is used as a verb, making. Tired. Zhi: Write down, remember. Special sentence pattern Liuyi, a layman, was first relegated to Chushan. The passive sentence will retire on Yingshui. The adverbial is placed after Liuyi, and what is it? The object is placed in front. Although it sounds like the nine pieces played in the wild in Dongting, the object is preceded by the things in the world, and the people who are tired of me are all, and the attributive is followed by this. The reason why I am determined is also fixed. The sentence structure is tired by the other. I have been tired. Passive sentence, what should I choose? The object is preceded by one, and it is appropriate to go. What's wrong with the judgment sentence? The object is preceded by the function word "er". The usage is both old and decrepit and sick. The name cannot escape the transition of the expression, but Taishan is in front without seeing the transition of the expression, but the thunder breaks the pillar without being surprised. The expression of the transition, but He didn't know how tiring the Five Ques were, but his husband and scholars were few and his official duties were taken over. 8. Sun Shuao said that Sun Shuao was the commander of Chu, and all the officials and people of the country came to congratulate him.

There was an old man who wore coarse clothes and a white crown. Later he was hanged. Sun Shu'ao saw him while he was dressed, and said to the old man: "The king of Chu does not know that his ministers are unworthy, and his ministers are tainted by the officials and the people. All the people come to congratulate him, and the son is left alone to mourn. How can it be said?" The father said: "There is a saying: Those who are already noble and arrogant will be abandoned by the people; those who are high in position and master the power will be hated by the ruler; those who are rich in salary but not satisfied will suffer from it."

Sun Shuao bowed again and said: "I respect my order, and I am willing to hear it. "Yu Jiao." My father said: "The position is high but the intention is low, the official position is high but the heart is small, the salary is high but you are cautious and dare not take it.

If you keep these three things, you can rule Chu. That's it!" Sun Shuao said to him, "It's very good, please remember it." Translation Sun Shuao became the prime minister of Chu, and all the officials and people in the city came to congratulate him.

An old man, wearing linen mourning clothes and a white mourning hat, finally came to pay his respects. Sun Shuao packed up his clothes and went out to meet him. He said to the old man: "The King of Chu did not understand that I have no talent, so he appointed me as a high-ranking official like prime minister. People came to congratulate me, but you are the only one who came to mourn me. Do you have anything to say?" The old man said: "There is something to say.

People will leave him if he is rich but is arrogant to others; kings will hate him if he is high-status but uses power without authorization; he will be disgusted by people who have a generous salary but don't know it. That's where the troubles of those who have enough are hidden." Sun Shuao bowed to the old man twice and said, "I sincerely accept your advice and would like to hear your other opinions."

The old man said: " The higher the status, the more humble the attitude; the greater the official position, the more careful and prudent you are; if your salary is very generous, you should not ask for extra money. If you strictly abide by these three rules, you will be able to govern the state of Chu well.

"

Sun Shuao replied: "You are right, I will definitely remember them! ".