The Red Cavalry is Babel's masterpiece, which established his world-recognized status as a master. My learning analysis is based on Dai Qi's translation and the first edition of Humanities Society in 212, and I also refer to other people's translations. Here, I would like to thank the relevant authors, translators and publishing houses.

Swimming across the Zbruchi River is the opening work of The Red Cavalry, and it is a famous work among famous books. It tells the story that the protagonist "I" stayed at the home of a Polish Jew one day in the battle between Su and Bo. The full text is 12 words, and every word and sentence deserves our in-depth analysis and study.

This article "Swimming across the Zbruch River" is the first article of "Red Cavalry".

use military terms to tell a story quickly. Both the author and the translator have military backgrounds and have served in the army.

set the tone for war and casualties. The total length of the highway is seven or eight hundred kilometers.

March: In ancient times, the army would set up camp, so it was called March. Set out, sail, set out, start, untie, sail, return, arrive, break down, stay, berth, and return.

enhance the historical sense of the article. Nicholas I, czar of the Russian Empire (reigned from 1825 to 1855), suppressed the Polish uprising in 183.

note: there are two places called Warren. One is the Warren Terrace, which belonged to the Lithuanian-Polish Principality in ancient times and distributed along the left bank of the Transnistrian River. The surface was cut by river valleys and showed long hills and dry ditches. First, Warren Territory, a historical region from the 9th century to the 18th century, is located at the junction of Ukraine and Poland.

1. Everything is animistic, and people, things and abstract nouns are all described as active subjects. The distinctive characteristics of Babel are personification, deep personification and "broad imitation". For example, the hands of the water flow into the grass, and the spray is tightly tied.

2. The scene is from big to small, from far to near, and ordinary people can do it. Sun = head, clouds = military flag, which is a strange metaphor, suitable for military identity and battlefield scenes.

3. The short 12 lines not only explain the season and month of the story, but also imply the timeline of noon, afternoon, evening and night. Like a movie, it takes three or four shots to complete the time switch. Lay the foundation for the later story, late at night and late at night.

4。 The scenery in the novel is often three-dimensional, multi-sensory, arousing the five senses, six roots and six dusts, and seven senses. Vision, touch, smell, hearing ... are presented and mixed one after another. "In the coolness of the evening, the smell of a bloody battle yesterday and the smell of dead horses dripped down." The pen from God-synaesthesia, makes people feel as if they are in the environment, as if they are cold, as if they smell it, as if they are suffering.

in a word, the scenery description is very vivid and powerful. We can appreciate Babel's unique language style. He presented picturesque scenery and bloody war at the same time: a dead horse, a broken bridge, like the sun with its head cut off-carefully reminisce about the metaphor, personification, synaesthesia, colorful pictures and symphony effect.

writing is presentation, not reproduction.

The author is picky about the scenery and things that enter the article. Babel claimed that writing was slow and difficult, and he revised it repeatedly. Therefore, we can think that poppy and rye have specific symbolic meanings in the text. The danger of over-reading, there is reason for us to take the risk.

To commemorate the centenary of the outbreak of World War I, Britain arranged ceramic poppies around the wall of the Tower of London. The reason why the British adopted the young corn poppy as a memorial to the First World War is that this delicate flower once spread all over the battlefield with tragic casualties and was adopted by later poets. At the same time, the cultural meaning of poppy-"rest" and "sleep" is also an important commemorative feature. Europeans (Britain) used poppy= corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas) in the war memorial, and China people hated poppy= poppy (Papaver somniferum) because of the Opium War. Both of them belong to the genus Papaver, and they are independent species.

the color of a good article is like the dress of a delicate woman. It should be eye-catching, visually impactful and aesthetically pleasing.

know the three primary colors and classic color matching, such as red, black, blue, orange, green and white.

pay attention to the color matching of national flags and big-name trademarks, and you will get something.

Clue: Poppies bloom (spring) and wheat is yellow (summer).

conclusion: late spring and early summer in Poland.

Features:

Beautiful, bright, warm and quiet. Metaphor is bizarre and dynamic.

it's beautiful and quiet, with a cruel and tragic smell of blood.

Function:

① Rendered the atmosphere of war; Reflects the cruelty and tension of war. Set a tragic tone for the following and the story of the book;

② There is a sharp contrast between the two scenes with different styles. The more beautiful the scenery, the more painful the war wound, which implies the theme, the harm of war to life.

③ The beauty of the earth contrasts with the description of "the orange sun floating in the sky, just like a chopped head", which lays the language style of the whole text and book.

"Like a severed head" is bloody; However, the scenery written before is beautiful, quiet and peaceful, and the language styles of the two are indeed different.

This does not mean that this is a misplaced figurative sentence. From the full text, the quiet and beautiful scenery is behind the bloody killing and the death of life. The author's handling of this not only caused a unique visual impact, but also hinted at the upcoming theme with the previous scenes: the harm of war to life.

Using synaesthesia (or metaphor), the smell of blood and the smell of horse carcasses are dripping like rain, which is in contrast with the beautiful and bright scenery mentioned above, highlighting the tragic war.

test analysis: to appreciate the sentence in the novel, we can start with the characteristics of the sentence structure and rhetorical methods. This sentence uses synaesthesia and contrast to highlight the tragic war.

For example, report/telegram, occupation/conquest, starting/marching, marching/sailing forward, standing/standing, extending/reaching in, floating/rolling, swimming/swimming ...

Which one is more suitable for the atmosphere of the article, and which one can better infect the rest time of readers to improve the communication effect?

Note: Passover is on the 14th day of the first month, and it is not fixed every year in March and April of the solar calendar. Passover, also known as Unleavened Bread and Bath Gua Festival, is one of the main festivals in Judaism. Passover is the day of the fourteenth day of the first month of the Jewish calendar and its eve. It is the Jewish New Year and one of the four major festivals of the Jewish nation.

cupboards, rags, dung and porcelain pieces suggest that there was a massacre. Human excrement, it may be scared or dead excrement.

"Arrival" means reaching the destination. For space only. For example: <; The train arrived in Beijing at eight o'clock in the morning > (Space) "Arrival" refers not only to the destination, but also to the arrival time. Not only for space, but also for time. For example: <; The train arrives in Beijing at eight o'clock in the morning > (space) < The loan has reached the deadline > (time) One is formal and the other is oral. More than one person and less than one person.

"There is a Jewish man sleeping with his head covered against the wall." First foreshadowing.

The owner "I" misunderstood that the owner of the house was lazy.

It reflects that the author is above others, and his good fortune makes people happy. The cavalry are used to bullying and using ordinary people.

Finally, it means to omit, which reflects a highly concise and concise writing style.

a frightened bird has learned its lesson. Afraid of being beaten and killed.

because the ground is dirty, I can't walk there.

observe because of fear. Afraid of people and ghosts.

metaphor. Comparing the poor people ravaged by war to monkeys appropriately conveys the bitterness brought by war and the humble and inhuman treatment of those humiliated by war.

not only everything becomes the main body, but also abstract nouns have life, such as: timid poverty gathers above our bunk.

Rhetorical features: novel personification and deep personification. Strong emotions. Sound, color and motion are integrated, and the picture is very strong.

role: explain the time-late at night, the atmosphere-peace. In contrast to the frightened and sonic houses in the middle of the night. Dreams are horrible, and the dead, the cause of death, and the death are horrible. Play the role of setting off and interlude music. It is the low point of the development from a small high tide to a high tide.

"Solemn Langyue" is about the moon crossing the swimming scene, which shows the seriousness and solemnity of war and marching.

"The moon shadow like a golden snake and the shining wave valley" depicts the rapidity and turbulence on the March.

"Blue hands, shiny, round, carefree head" depicts the cold silence in the middle of the night and the short peace after marching.

The war has devastated the earth, and even the moon in the sky is cold and blue, wandering like a ghost in the silent night, in order to set off the lonely and helpless hearts of the author, the soldiers and the people who suffered from the war.

nearly 2 movements.

I usually say that ten or more verbs are used together, which is what I want.

"they run with you, crying, they tug at your sleeves", whose poem has an action density as high as 57%? An eye-catching "action waterfall".

(1) The shooting of the brigade commander by the division commander implies the majesty of the division commander and takes care of the crossing of the river mentioned above. It implies the cruelty of the war written in the novel.

(2) In contrast to the kindness of Jewish women below.

(3) It promoted the development of the story: the Jewish woman moved the floor for "I" and "I" saw the horror of the corpse. It can also be said to be paving the way.

to analyze the "function in the text" of a paragraph, we can analyze it from the perspectives of expressing the main idea of the text, structuring the article, forming clues and expanding the plot according to the content of the paragraph. The main content of the dream written in this paragraph is that "I" dreamed that the commander of the Sixth Division shot and killed the brigade commander who turned the gun, which on the one hand hinted at the majesty of the commander and took care of the crossing of the river mentioned above; At the same time, it contrasts with the kindness of Jewish women below, and promotes the development of the story.

Absolute authority in the army can't tolerate shirking and betrayal, and it is cruel and loyal.

a soldier's soul is a soldier's sorrow. Subconscious, stress.

a deep desire, longing for victory.

fear, fear of failure and death.

timid, trying to avoid avoidance.

dialogue, reflecting the characters' personalities and promoting the plot development. Calling master reflects the unequal relationship between the two. Yelling and kicking reflects my extreme nervousness. Kicking my dad, causing the following.

quiet and gloomy after midnight.

I woke up from a nightmare and my eyes were dim.

I, who stayed in the Jewish people's house, woke up with a nightmare and found myself lying with a corpse with its throat cut and face cut in half.

one thin and one big, one sleeping and one dying, everything is cut, black and red, and full of tension. Shocking and shocking.

quietly laid the groundwork for many times.

The third Jew, the hacked old man, is the "protagonist" who reveals the theme. It was only here that it was revealed that it had already been killed.

The author should learn to withhold information, turn on the tap and open the sluice at the critical moment.

According to Babel's account, at the beginning of his career, he was only satisfied with the dialogue he wrote. This can be seen in this book and his representative works.

one sentence describes the character of Dad.

in a word, write down the affection and the complaint of violence.

a thousand words are worth a thousand words. Accuse of the evils of war and killing, and praise the human nature that struggled under bad luck.

(1) Show the dignity of the father's love and the care and concern of the father for his daughter before he died.

(2) daughter's anger; Accuse the Poles of cruelty. Suggesting the cruelty of Polish perpetrators and the ruthlessness of war;

(3) The daughter's reluctance and yearning for her father.

(4) It shows that no matter how cruel the war is, the goodness of human nature cannot be extinguished. Praise the human nature that struggled under bad luck.

Jewish pregnant women are poor, kind, love their father deeply and hate war because of war.

poverty can be seen with skinny legs.

Kindness can be seen by rubbing my face.

Move the floor, remember and shout to write about your love for your father and your hate for the war.

Foreigner: Language description, action description, expression description? Detail description

side: portrait description

inside: psychological description (dream)

to appreciate the characteristics of the characters in the novel, we should analyze the portrait description, language description, behavior description and psychological or other descriptions of the characters in the novel. From the description of "two skinny legs", we can see the poverty of Jewish pregnant women, her kindness by rubbing my face, her love for her father and her hatred for war by moving the floor, remembering and shouting.

The structure of this novel is in the order of time and space. Unusual performance is as follows:

(1) The content arrangement is unusual. The weight of crossing the river in this article is very small, but what we saw after crossing the river is detailed, highlighting the harm and pain brought by the war to ordinary people.

(2) The ending is unexpected, and the person sleeping next to me is actually a dead person, which is a foreshadowing in the previous article. This arrangement gives people a strong shock and highlights the anti-war theme.

(3) the scene and time change quickly. Scene description plays the role of supporting structure, expressing emotion and creating atmosphere. It is Babel's specialty to construct novels with space and scenery, and it is especially suitable for war themes.

(4) The first half is about big scenes, outdoors; The next small scene, indoors. A spectacular, such as Acura; A sorrow, such as crying. The resulting sharp contrast is completed in the full text of 12 Chinese words.

to answer this question, we should grasp the word "unusual structure" in the stem of the question and try to find out the "unusual" structure of the text. This is mainly from the detailed arrangement of the content, the ups and downs of the plot, the care before and after the layout, the unexpected, the shocking theme and so on.

① Make the people and things described in this article more realistic;

② "I" is a clue that runs through the whole text, which promotes the development of the story through what I see and feel;

③ suspense is set through the first-person narration of "I", which arouses reading interest.

such as swimming process, such as ending. It fully embodies the concise, concise, rapid, omitted, blank and lightning-crisp narrative style.

Babel included more than 3 short stories he wrote in 1924-1926 in The Red Cavalry. In the order of publication, it should be Salt, Letter from Home, Death of Dolgushov, etc. In chronological order, it should be My First Goose, which reflects the first day of his army's life. The reasons for choosing "Swimming across the Zbruchi River" are as follows:

1. Babel is a Jew. He is concerned about the fate of the Jews. His 18-year-old debut novel, The Story of Lao Lao Emi, reflects his thoughts on the fate of Jews and tells the story of an old Jewish man who committed suicide because he refused to convert to Christianity. This is the focus of "Swimming across the Zbruch River" and the whole book.

2. Accusing the crime of war is the evil in human nature. The ending of "Swimming across the Zbruchi River" is a powerful revelation.

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