Summary of knowledge of music theory in primary schools Grade one: 1. Grasp the rhythm of songs, know the scale of staff or notation, learn to rap the pitch, and correct the out of tune. 2. Be able to read the rhythm difference between quarts and eights. 3. Feel the difference between two beats and three beats. 4. Be able to hear and distinguish the length of the sound. Grade two: 1. Know simple notes. 2. Know weak bars. 3. Know attached points. 4. Know repeated marks, and know their functions. 5. Know the alphabet, and sing the melody by roll-call. 6. Know stress marks. Grade 3: 1. Know the music and sing. 2. Know the duration of individual notes. 3. Know the rising and falling marks, and master their functions. 4. Consolidate the singing method of weak bars. 5. Sing dotted notes accurately. 6. Know the octave rest in the staff. Grade 4: 1. Enter the two-part training, be able to know the score of the whole song, listen to the rhythm of percussion and record it. 2. Know the dotted quarter note, dotted eighth note, pause mark, connection, upgrade number and strong and weak mark. 3. Master the second. And can briefly describe the meaning of music. 5. Understand the simple knowledge of music composition, interlude, musical instruments, etc. Grade 5: 1. Master the special rhythm (six-beat time signature) in songs. 2. Sing the decorative sound and marked sound accurately. 3. Enjoy the music with your own opinions. 4. Sing the two-part chorus well to improve the chorus performance ability. Grade 6: 1. Be able to read the music quickly. You can accurately sing the drama clips that you are required to master this semester. 2. You can enjoy more tracks and cultivate students' deep appreciation ability. 3. You can master the simple gestures of the second, third and fourth beats. 4. Rhythm can be carried out at the same time as the main training rhythm and beat. 5. You can know and understand western instruments and national instruments.
2. How to teach music in kindergartens
Music education for children is not the training of music skills, and it is not to train future specialized music talents, but to let children feel the appeal of music in music and let them grow up healthily, harmoniously and happily.
As Suhomlinski said, "Music education is not the education of musicians, but the education of people first." When music education really returns to "human education", it becomes an important means to promote the harmonious development of children.
Music is an art to express feelings through sound, which has a good effect in expressing people's emotional changes, psychological activities, thinking trends and so on. In the process of education, music education is conducive to tapping children's imagination and creativity.
How to effectively integrate music into preschool education? The following are my attempts in music teaching in the past two years. First, change the old ideas in music teaching.
For a long time, music education in kindergartens has shown a phenomenon of primary school, with emphasis on skill training, ignoring subjective consciousness and interest in learning. Children are always around teachers, and widex is passive and frustrated learners. Teachers also seem to be the megaphone of knowledge, taking classroom teaching as the center, and attending classes is the basic activity. "Teachers talk, children listen", "teachers do, children watch" and "teachers instruct, children do" always teach children to sing children's songs seriously, so that children can remember the lyrics, melodies and feelings expressed by music.
Teachers pay more attention to the training of singing skills and ignore the cultivation of children's autonomous learning; Therefore, this traditional educational concept has seriously hampered the creative thinking of educators and educatees, and the innovative spirit and ability of children are difficult to reflect in the process of music teaching. Second, the importance of selecting materials for music teaching.
"Interest is the best teacher". Whether a song is suitable for children, I think the first thing to see is whether it can arouse children's interest and desire in learning.
There are many good songs in our textbooks, but they are not necessarily suitable for children's cognition, because some lyrics are too old and complicated for children to understand easily; Some songs deviate from children's life experience, so the choice of songs affects the quality of children's learning. So what kind of songs are suitable for children? I think as long as children are interested in, healthy and can bring happy emotions to children, songs are suitable for children.
The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (for Trial Implementation) points out: "Guide children to get in touch with beautiful people, things and things in the surrounding environment and life, enrich their perceptual experience and aesthetic taste, and inspire them to express beauty and create beauty." In addition to some classic children's songs, some popular songs related to major events at home and abroad at that time, and even some episodes in TV dramas are contemporary and suitable for children to sing.
children are more sensitive and receptive to new things than adults. As soon as those songs appear, such as "Mice Love Rice" and "The Girl Looking Over", they often show great enthusiasm. We can adapt the lyrics or some melodies properly in teaching and integrate music with art, which can make them naturally start a beautiful situation in a relaxed and pleasant state and improve their aesthetic taste.
children will learn more happily in the process of learning. In the process of practice, I found that the problems that children are more difficult to master, such as: the sound of the symbol, the pause, the span of the sound and the feelings when singing, are solved at this time.
Therefore, our teachers should choose songs for children with a clear aim, because children are social people and also people who "keep pace with the times". Third, the re-understanding of the music teaching process.
I often hear some teachers complain that after a music teaching activity, children still can't remember the lyrics, let alone have expressions and feelings. In music teaching, we should adopt flexible and diverse organizational forms, fully mobilize children's senses, cultivate children's imagination, thinking ability and expression ability, and create an active and autonomous learning atmosphere for them.
1. Role inquiry method. For songs with plots and roles, let children stimulate their interest in learning in the process of exploring the expressions and emotions of different roles in songs.
Songs such as Little Red Riding Hood and sedan chair the Dog are children's favorite story characters. During the learning process, they can blend in with the characters and feel the charm of music. 2。
audio-visual conversion method. Music is the art of expressing feelings.
Young children have the characteristics of jubilation and emotional exposure, and it is difficult for them to express their inner feelings and experiences in words. At this time, if teachers help children understand songs with pictures and symbols that can be understood by children, they can help children effectively remember lyrics and express their emotions through interaction.
you will get unexpected results. For example, in "The Mouse Draws a Cat", I combine the educational wall chart to guide children to observe the "strange cat" drawn by the mouse, and guide children to describe the appearance of the "strange cat" in words and enjoy songs.
children can quickly understand and get familiar with the contents of the song by combining with the wall chart. 3。
situational interaction method. Set the situation with the help of the meaning expressed by the song, let the children participate in the situation, and learn the song through games and conversations in the situation.
such as teacher, let me kiss you, blessing song, etc. 4。
imaginative generation method. On the basis of a simple understanding of the meaning of words, we don't teach the lyrics directly, but guide children to create songs by boldly imagining or transferring their previous knowledge and experience, and then filter and organize them to cultivate their innovative spirit.
songs such as "lullaby", "Song of the River" and "Thunderstorm in Summer". Through our kindergarten teachers' bold innovation in music teaching, children can feel, appreciate and express in effective encouragement and awakening, so that children can learn to learn, create, discover and explore, and their initiative, exploration and creativity are well cultivated.
fourth, the role of teachers in music teaching. The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) clearly states: "Teachers should be supporters, collaborators and guides of children's learning activities."
"The organization and implementation of educational activities is the process of teachers' creative work". In music teaching, we can't follow the book, try to reduce the constraints and requirements for children's unity, and should spread children's thinking and reflect the flexibility of the classroom.
When a teacher is in a music activity class, he must first have rich feelings, which have a strong appeal to children. Teachers should respect children, treat every child equally, and enjoy children in the interaction between teachers and students.
3. What are the important features of children's music education
Music education is indispensable in children's beauty education, which can develop children's imagination, memory and thinking ability.
When choosing songs for children, we should first consider their age characteristics, and it should be based on their knowledge base, cognitive ability and singing and expression ability. The melody of children's songs should be lively, beautiful and pleasant, in line with children's mood, emotion and cognitive characteristics, full of fun, and can make children feel interested in learning.
For example, Don't make noise, kitten. Drink and the kitten barks. Don't scream, kitten. Aunt is working the night shift, and Ajie is sleeping.
I found a penny by the side of the road and gave it to the policeman's uncle. My uncle took the money and nodded with a smile. I said goodbye to my uncle happily. Lyrics should be easy to understand, sentences should be beautiful and catchy, which is easy for children to understand and accept.