Tibetan folk self-entertainment dance can be divided into two categories: "Xie" and "Zhuo". "Xie" is mainly a form of collective singing and dancing spread among Tibetan people, which is divided into four types: "Guo Xie", "Guo Zhuo" (i.e. "Guozhuang"), "Duixie" and "Xie".
The dance in the Shannan area of ??Tibet is characterized by its strong labor atmosphere, distinctive rhythm and steady footwork. Male and female dancers rotate hand in hand in a clockwise direction, dancing together or taking turns. To this day, one of the forms of "Guo Xie", "Da Aga", can still be seen when building houses and paving the ground in rural Tibet. "Da Aga" has been recorded as early as the Tang Dynasty and originated from an ancient labor chant. Later, simple upper body movements, in-situ rotation and formation changes were added, and it became a form of labor song and dance in which men and women alternate, sing and dance. This kind of labor song and dance has been put on the stage today and has become a memorial of labor art in history.
"Guozhuo" is popular in a wide area, and its titles are different in different regions. It is called "Suo" in the Sakya area, "Bo" and "Boqiang" in the Gongbu area, and "Zhuo" or "Guozhuang" in the pastoral areas of northern Tibet. "Guozhuo" is a circle-shaped self-entertainment song and dance that ancient people danced around campfires and pots. It includes dance vocabulary such as "animal imitation" and expression of love. The dance styles in agricultural and pastoral areas are different and each has its own characteristics. During the dance, men and women stand separately, hold hands or put their shoulders around each other, and the dancers take turns singing the accompaniment of the dance, adding call signs from time to time. This is a distinctive feature of "Guo Xie" integrated into the original dance form of the Qiang people. The main movements include waving hands in front of the body, turning hips, squatting and turning around, etc. They are lively and enthusiastic.
"Duixie" was first circulated in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, a circle dance in the entire area from the high-lying Shigatse west to Ngari, and later gradually became popular in Lhasa. This is the earliest dance accompanied by a six-stringed harp instrument. "Duixue" later evolved into "Tap Dance", a men's performance dance featuring tap steps accompanied by a small band. The traditional "Duixue" is different from other circle dance forms in that men and women cross hands in front or behind the body during dance. This is the same dance form as the Qiang people's "Salang" and the murals in the palace and castle ruins of the Guge Dynasty. It can be seen that the "Duixue" dance existed in the 10th century AD.
"Xie" is also called "Xianzi", so named because the male dancer leads the dance and is accompanied by stringed erhu or corbeled harp. It is called "Ye" or "Kang Xie" in Tibetan. It is popular in Qamdo of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai, Gansu and other places. "Xianzi" in Batang area of ??Sichuan Province is the most famous. The form of "Xianzi" in various Tibetan areas is the same, with slow and stretched movements, delicate and smooth movements.
"Zhuo Xie" and "Reba Zhuo" are two representative dances of the Tibetan dance "Zhuo". "Zhuo" mainly performs various types of circle "dance", and there are also performance dances that are processed and sorted out from the original "animal dance". In the entire dance of "Zhuo", it is characterized by not dancing when singing and not singing when dancing. Technical performance plays a major role in the dance.
"Zhuo Xie" originated from ancient sacrifices. For thousands of years, the continuation of sacrificial activities has allowed various "encouragement" to be passed down from generation to generation. Traces of ancient Tibetan sacrificial activities and nomadic life can be found in the costumes of "Zhuo Ben", the lead dancer of the "Great Drum Dance" in the Shigatse area.
What is particularly worth mentioning is that the drum used in the "Great Drum" in Sima Wangdui Township, Shigatse Region, known as "Sima Zhuo", is significantly different from the drums in other areas. The drum shape is twice as big as the drums in other areas. , and it is attached with a long wooden handle, which is inserted diagonally behind the back. The performance of "Zhuo Xie" is divided into three sections, with songs interspersed during the performance and sung by all the dancers. In addition, there are a large number of "encouragement" performances of skills and formation changes. Most of the lyrics sung now focus on wishing good luck, good harvests and a happy life, while the sacrificial element has gradually weakened. "Big Drum" is often performed during festive occasions such as the "Wangguo Festival".
The "Zhuo Xie" drums from Lhasa, Shannan and other regions have small heads, are tied to the waist, and have no long wooden handles. This form of "encouragement" has a long history. As early as the Tang Dynasty, the image of "Zhuo Xie" can be seen in the murals of various temples. Its image can also be seen in the mural "Samye Temple Inauguration Celebration" in the Jincheng Princess Hall mural in Samye Temple. Style and "Zhuo Ben" appearance.
"Reba" is a trinity performance form that includes "folk songs and dances", "bell drumming" and "miscellaneous music performances" with a certain plot. It is popular in Qamdo, the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Industry of the Tibet Autonomous Region. In the Tibetan-inhabited areas of Yunnan and Sichuan provinces, wandering artists used to perform acrobatic songs and dances to make a living.
"Reba Zhuo" is a two-person "ring drum" performed by male and female artists simultaneously. Nowadays, what people call "Reba Zhuo" and "Reba" basically refers to one of them. In terms of "Bell Drum". "Bell Drum" is a distinctive "drum" in "Zhuo".
Tibetan people are good at singing and dancing. There are many types and forms of Tibetan songs and dances, and their names vary from region to region. Folk song and dance "Xie" is a group dance that mainly combines singing and dancing. Generally, men and women stand on one side, hold hands in a circle, and sing and dance at the same time. Folk dances include "Zhuo", "Reba", "Guozhuang", etc. "Qiangmu" is a Tibetan religious dance. It is performed with the accompaniment of drums, cymbals, copper trumpets, bone trumpets, and lamas chanting sutras. It is magnificent, profound in meaning, and has a strong artistic appeal.
Reba: Reba is a Tibetan comprehensive performing art that focuses on bell drumming and includes Xianzi, Guozhuang, tap, rap, and juggling. According to legend, it was pioneered by Milareba, a wandering monk in the 11th century, and has a history of more than 900 years. During the dance, the male holds a brass bell and the female holds a tambourine. The dance progresses from slow to fast, often performing stunts such as "turning over on top of the drum", "lying on the body", "turning on one leg" and so on. Artists who engage in this kind of performance are also called "Reba".
Tap dance: Tibetan tap dance was originally a palace dance. When dancing, wear hard-soled leather shoes and express your inner feelings by making changing rhythms. Tap dance is accompanied by flute, dulcimer, six-stringed harp, brass bells, yueqin, etc. The rhythm goes from slow to fast, and ends suddenly with the final step when it reaches the climax.