1. The author believes that only "repetition" or "change" will lead to artistic problems. What is an artistic problem? What kind of artistic realm should our architectural art reach?

text analysis of repetition and change

repetition and change is an article about the law of artistic creation. Although the article is rich in content and involves many disciplines, the author does not pretend to be profound and obscure, but uses a series of typical examples to illustrate the law of repetition and change in artistic creation (mainly architectural art).

at the beginning of the article, it is pointed out that "in artistic creation, there is often a problem of repetition and change", and it is clearly affirmed that there are three main types of "persistence": the persistence of time, the persistence of space transfer and the comprehensive persistence of time and space. Then I entered the first level of discussion, and it was not a branch. Firstly, the author clearly points out in two paragraphs (namely, paragraphs 2 and 3): "Music is a kind of artistic creation that lasts for a long time" and "The theme and variation in music are unified through repetition and change in the process of time". The second paragraph focuses on the repetition of phrases and paragraphs. In the third paragraph, taking Schubert's Trout Quintet as an example, the dialectical unity relationship between theme and variation is vividly expressed. In order to further illustrate that music art can not be separated from repetition and change, the author takes stage art as the topic in the fourth paragraph, emphasizing that dance art is a comprehensive continuation of time and space. The same dance action is often repeated several times; In the repetition, the audience changes accordingly, and it is in the repetition and change of dance movements and music melodies that the audience is cultivated by beauty. In the fifth paragraph, the author makes a transition to the second level by saying that "this can sometimes be seen in the artistic treatment of painting"-painting art also contains the law of repetition and change. The author uses two typical examples ── Zhang Zeduan's Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival and Li Gonglin's Grazing Scene to illustrate these two ancient famous paintings. The repeated arrangement of trees, boats, houses and tiles in the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, as well as the different emphases in different stages, constitute the unity and change of the picture; Grazing Map demonstrates that the painting art is also constantly repeating and changing with the background of the repetition of countless horses, the different theme changes between "riding" and "horse", "Yuan Ye's low and gentle hillside" and a few scattered lonely trees.

After talking about music and painting, the next point is the focus of the article: on architecture, that is, entering the third level.

teaching emphases and difficulties

1. Experience the method that the author introduces music, dance and painting to illustrate the characteristics of architectural art.

2. Understand how "sameness and ever-changing" are organically unified.

Teaching assumption: It is divided into two learning steps: learning, interpreting (the first class) and exploring and expanding (the second class), so as to guide students to expand, discover, appreciate the author's extensive knowledge and appreciate the profound beauty of China's art on the basis of in-depth understanding of the content of the article.

Teaching process

First class

First, lead-in (explanation: to arouse students' interest in the author and the author's knowledge)

Second, read through the full text and grasp the whole

1. Read through the full text, can you grasp which paragraphs are the main contents of this article? And try to summarize the central point of this article.

Cue: Learn to use key sentences (sentences that reflect the thinking of writing) to determine the main content of the article, and learn to extract and summarize the author's point of view from the repetitive sentences in each paragraph.

Clarity: The author's point of view-the organic unity of repetition and change constitutes the beauty of architecture, and both are indispensable.

(It can be refined and summarized by paying attention to the solution of "repetition and change" in the first paragraph and the word "unification" that appears repeatedly at the end of the second paragraph and the transitional paragraph in the eighth paragraph. )

The main content is from the eighth paragraph to the end of the article, with examples to talk about how the aesthetic principle of unity of repetition and change is embodied in architecture.

(According to the obvious transitional sentence in paragraph 8, "the unity of repetition and change mentioned above plays an extremely important role in the artistic effect of building image". )

2. What are paragraphs 1 to 7 about? What does it have to do with the main content of the article?

Students refine the main points of each paragraph after reading:

The first paragraph is the general outline of the full text, which talks about that repetition and change are indispensable in a continuous artistic work.

In the second and third paragraphs, it is said that the aesthetic principle of the unity of repetition and change is embodied through theme (repetition) and variation (change) in music.

In the fourth paragraph, dance is also a combination of repetitive movements and music, and corresponding changes are given to highlight some emotional and artistic effects to be expressed.

In the fifth paragraph, when it comes to the handling of painting, we can also see the unity of repetition and change.

After discussion, students answer the relationship between the previous paragraphs and the main content of the article, and talk about the benefits of writing like this.

Clarity: Taking music, dance, painting and other artistic forms as examples, the author specifically explains the principle of unity of repetition and change in artistic creation proposed in paragraph 1, and thus leads to the discussion of this principle in architectural art. In this way, the abstract aesthetic principles are first explained with concrete and sensible examples, so that readers can easily understand them; Starting with music and dance that people are familiar with, it is introduced into architecture, an art category that people are not familiar with, so that readers can have a cognitive transition from familiar to unfamiliar. In addition, it also opens the horizon for readers to soar the wings of imagination and understand the universal law of the unity of repetition and change in art.

3. How does the author explain the principle of organic unity of repetition and change in architecture?

After reading and discussing, the students made it clear:

From the eighth paragraph to the end, the author explained the central point of view by giving examples of Chinese architecture.

specifically, paragraph 9 takes the Great Hall of the People as an example, paragraphs 1 and 11 take the Forbidden City in Ming and Qing Dynasties as an example, paragraph 12 takes the Summer Palace as an example, paragraphs 13 and 14 take the Summer Palace promenade as an example, and paragraph 15 takes the architecture in the history of world architecture as an example to illustrate.

4. What's the difference between the above examples? Is there any duplication?

discussion is clear: there are detailed and concrete examples, such as the Forbidden City and the Summer Palace Corridor in Ming and Qing Dynasties; There are some examples, such as the Summer Palace Humorous Garden; There are general examples, such as examples in the history of world architecture. For example, there are changes in repetition, which is not only convincing, but also does not give people a sense of repetition, which is what we should learn in writing explanatory articles.

5. What does the last paragraph of the article talk about? What's the point?

discussion is clear: this paragraph points out the practical significance of writing this article, that is, in real buildings, there is a problem that repetition and change cannot be well unified, which brings inconvenience to people's lives or affects aesthetics, and should attract the attention of architects.

3. Read the key paragraphs and understand the language concretely

1. When explaining the Summer Palace Promenade (paragraph 13), the author used a large section of seemingly complicated explanation language to talk about the effect of this writing. (Please read this paragraph aloud first)

Discussion speech: 2 series of "one root" reinforced the so-called "ever-changing" and "absurdity" of "square", "circle", "octagon" and "hexagon" with almost exaggerated repetition, thus vividly illustrating the necessity of "unity of repetition and change". This passage enlightens us that expository writing does not exclude vivid language, nor does it exclude the way of reasoning with bold assumptions.

2. Name other languages that can explain things in a popular, clear and vivid way.

Metaphorically speaking, in paragraph 15, "Every street is a scroll and a piece of music".

witty and life-like reasoning: paragraph 16: "Even if they are beautiful in themselves, they are all' harmful' and not' selfish' when put together, and' ever-changing' is dazzling".

3. Talk about whether this article embodies the principle of "repetition and change" in terms of structure, language or examples. (Description: deepen students' understanding of "the unity of repetition and change")

Clearly:

The structure-music, dance, painting and architecture, changes the unique expressions of different arts, but the same is the same artistic law; This paper emphasizes the artistic law of "sameness" in the ever-changing artistic creation through repetition again and again.

Language-Paragraph 13 is an example. By "repeating" the use of "one root" and imagining the "change" of the shape of the column, the difference in visual effects caused by the lack of continuity is explained.

for example-there are changes in repetition (mentioned earlier).

Summary: With the help of other art forms, the gradual explanation reflects the author's broad vision and profound accumulation, and the author is worthy of being a scholar-type architect who has learned both Chinese and Western; Simple, simple and clear explanation language makes the article friendly and easy to read.