"A student who studies the course with enthusiasm should learn more easily and quickly than those who lack enthusiasm, fun or interest, or those who are anxious and afraid of learning materials." This passage by American educator Bloom fully shows that the environment and students' enthusiasm are very important for students' autonomous learning. In Chinese teaching, teachers should pay more attention to students' learning emotions and create a relaxed and harmonious classroom atmosphere. Provide students with the necessary time, space and corresponding conditions as much as possible, so that students can take the initiative to participate; Let students feel that they are the masters of learning and have a sense of ownership.
To cultivate students' autonomous learning ability in Chinese classroom teaching, it is particularly important to do a good job in classroom teaching of students' participation and autonomous learning. First of all, students should be given time to study independently. In the process of Chinese teaching, teachers should change the traditional teaching concept, and give students the initiative to learn, so that students can truly become the masters of learning and mobilize their own abilities and enthusiasm. Teachers should talk as little as possible in class; Some questions are slightly answered, and standard answers are not given. The method of elicitation and induction is often used to induce students' desire for learning and improve their interest in autonomous learning. Secondly, give students the situation of actively participating in questioning. Learning begins with thinking, and thinking originates from doubt. The essence of teaching lies in guiding students to think actively, but the starting point of thinking is doubt. "Doubt" confuses students in cognition, produces cognitive conflicts, causes deep reflection and produces thinking activities. Traditional teaching makes students passively accept and blindly follow without "doubt", so their thinking is bound in the teaching circle and their personality is suppressed. Russian writer dobrolyubov once said, "If a teacher chews scientific materials so finely that students don't have to chew, they just have to swallow what the teacher says, so that they may cultivate knowledgeable apes from students, but they must not be independent thinkers." Teachers' teaching objectives are very clear, so teachers should carefully set doubts in teaching, so that students can give full play to their initiative to participate and think. Teachers should not only be good at asking questions, but also guide students to ask questions, encourage students to question boldly, have doubts, only then can they think, only then can they get income. Students who are good at asking questions often have quick thinking, profound thinking, improve their ability in thinking, and take the initiative in reading, so that students can learn to walk by themselves, and the more they walk, the smoother they get.
second, teachers guide students to think independently.
how to guide, mobilize and stimulate students' potential learning ability and autonomous thinking? Teachers can guide students in various ways. For example, telling famous articles and stories, or introducing excellent content from other disciplines to Chinese classes. In the lecture, students are guided to think, so that students can feel the joy of success in thinking and stimulate their interest in learning. Students' autonomous learning cannot be completely divorced from teachers. Only through teachers' orderly guidance and effective strategies can students' autonomous learning awareness be truly promoted and developed.
According to statistics, many famous people are not first-class students at school, or even simply unremarkable backward students. What makes these students who are not top-notch or even backward become top-notch talents in the future? This is relying on their efforts the day after tomorrow, and it is a persistent will and perseverance, and this spirit is derived from the ability to learn independently. Therefore, Chinese classroom teaching should focus on guidance and stimulate students' learning enthusiasm, so as to achieve students' ability to develop autonomous learning from an early age.
Chinese class has its unique advantages. Rich and colorful literary works and vivid teaching methods are inextricably linked with students' lives. What teachers should do is: let students love Chinese and regard Chinese learning as an important part of their life growth; Interest is the best teacher. Teachers should make full use of various teaching media and teaching methods to stimulate students' interest in learning, enhance the interest, ideology and flexibility of teaching, break the harmful laws formed in classroom teaching for many years, and stimulate students' interest in autonomous learning. Teachers should pay attention to the differences of each student's original Chinese level, teach students in accordance with their aptitude and encourage them to face it with a positive attitude. For students with relatively poor Chinese proficiency, we should lower the evaluation criteria and explore and set up learning examples that students agree with in order to improve students' enthusiasm for Chinese learning; Support and encourage students to adopt creative autonomous learning methods, and do not deny or deny students' thoughtful and creative problems in learning, but encourage and praise them more actively. Junior high school students' emotion is better than reason, and their actions are not only dominated by cognition, but also by emotion. Therefore, teachers should pay attention to the emotional cultivation between teachers and students on the basis of improving students' understanding of autonomous learning, so that students are willing to accept the guidance of teachers and set up lofty ideals. All these need to be done by teachers in their usual education.
Third, create an open classroom to expand students' independent consciousness.
To create an open classroom and expand students' self-awareness, it requires a new concept of teaching, and teachers should change the teaching methods with the change of students' learning methods. Hilberman believes that open classroom includes flexibility in space, selectivity of students' discussion activities, richness of learning materials and comprehensiveness of course content. Teachers should devote themselves to restoring students' spiritual freedom, giving play to the mutual incentive mechanism of groups, boldly expanding classroom time and space, creating an "unrestrained atmosphere", allowing students to "breathe freely" and transforming their autonomous consciousness into their autonomous learning ability. The sense of success is the most important emotion for students to gain freedom. Suhomlinski said: "There is a deep-rooted need in people's hearts, which is to feel that they are discoverers, researchers and explorers." Therefore, teachers should be good at catching the inspiration from students' thinking and the spark of wisdom, and lose no time to extend it to the process of independent thinking and expand it into a kind of independent learning ability; Creating situational classroom to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability. Einstein said: "Imagination is more important than knowledge, because knowledge is limited, and imagination summarizes everything in the world, promotes progress and is the source of knowledge." To cultivate students' imagination in classroom teaching, we must first make students learn basic knowledge in both breadth and depth. Secondly, according to the potential factors of teaching materials, we should create imaginary situations and provide imaginary materials to induce students to imagine freely, so that students can fully spread their imagination wings in the created classroom situations and roam in the kingdom of imagination freedom.
fourth, cultivate habits, starting with catching poor students.
To cultivate students' habit of autonomous learning, the most important thing is to start with poor students. Students have just entered school, and everyone has different knowledge levels, different learning methods and autonomous learning abilities, so teachers should have different requirements for their Chinese learning. Teachers should start from the moment they enter middle school, as a starting point to cultivate students' self-study habits. Because of the differences in personal abilities, the requirements for students should proceed from reality and gradually cultivate their habits. At this time, teachers should be slow, steady and not fast in teaching, so that students can have an adaptation process. For example, to cultivate the habit of students' independent exercises, at the beginning, teachers didn't stress the format of students' exercises, nor did they require centralization, not to mention the selection of materials, structure, expression and language. At first, students with poor foundation can write two or three paragraphs independently. Mainly write what you see, hear and feel. Because this is the beginning of autonomous learning, there is a certain degree of difficulty, and teachers should let students overcome this difficult phenomenon at the beginning. Students overcome the fear of this kind of exercise, which plays a key role in cultivating the habit of independent exercise in the future. Therefore, at this stage, teachers should be patient with students, so that students have confidence in themselves, and only when they have confidence can they have the impulse to learn independently. Teachers should also lower the requirements for students' rest knowledge learning, and set different knowledge steps for all types of students, so that all students can climb up. This looks slow, but every student's brain automatically turns, which is still an improvement compared with the original stop and turn. After a month or two of slow and unpleasant autonomous training, students' brains began to move, and the worst students also adapted to this habit. When the poor students made progress, other students were more expected.
In short, it is a systematic project to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability. Teachers should persevere and students should step by step. As long as students are encouraged to take the initiative to participate, practice, think, explore and create, the quality of students can be improved in an all-round way, the Chinese classroom can be full of vitality, and the students' autonomous learning ability can be cultivated.