Bergman is the absolute top master in the history of world film art. This person pioneered the modernist film. He was the first to use some complex film language means to express his artistic expression. The inner world of the character...

Bergman was born on July 14, 1918 in Uppsala, Sweden, into a family with a strong religious atmosphere. His father, Enrique Bergman, was a devout Lutheran and had served as a pastor for a long time. The mother is a young lady from an upper-class background, willful and withdrawn. His father's discipline on Bergman was severe to the point of cruelty. Bergman's childhood life was shrouded in a severe and depressive atmosphere, all of which had a profound impact on Bergman's later creations.

In 1937, Bergman entered Stockholm University to study literature and art history. He read a large number of works by famous drama writers such as Shakespeare and Strindberg. At the same time, he often appeared in the school's student amateur theater troupe, writing scripts, directing plays, and playing roles. After graduating from university, he worked as a drama director at the Royal Theater in Gothenburg, Helsingborg, and Stockholm, which laid a solid foundation for his future career as a film director.

In 1944, Bergman wrote his first film script "Torture", which sharply criticized the Swedish school education system for its brutal, authoritarian and cruel oppression of students. It was directed by Alf Sjoberg Made into a video. In 1945, Bergman directed his first film "Crisis". (1948), Thirst and Prison (1949), among other films.

In the early 1950s, Bergman matured in film art. In the mid-to-late 1950s, with the completion of films such as "A Smile on a Summer Night", "The Seventh Seal", "Wild Strawberries", and "The Magician", Bergman became one of the world's famous directors. In the 1960s and 1970s, most of Bergman's works used cameras to peer into people's souls, such as the "Silent Trilogy", namely "In the Mirror" (1961), "Winter Light" (1962) and "Silence" (1963), as well as "Persona" (1966), "Shame" (1968), "Cries and Whispers" (1972), etc. These films exclude dramatic conflicts and story narratives, and use metaphors and symbols to explore the difficulties of communication between people in modern Western society and the loneliness and pain of life. During this period, Bergman mostly used the structural form of indoor psychodrama to show the extremely vast changes in time and space in the human heart in a seemingly small space.

In 1977, Bergman shot the anti-fascist film "Snake Egg", and in 1978 he shot his most stage-oriented film "Autumn Sonata", which described the conflict between career and family, and the relationship between mother and daughter. estrangement, and the love-hate relationship between them. The film stars Ingrid Bergman. In 1981, Bergman began filming what he called his "last film," Fanny and Alexander. This is his film with the most characters, the most complex plot, the largest scale, the broadest vision, the most expensive shooting cost, and a running time of more than three hours. Featuring 60 speaking characters and 1,200 extras, the film is a family chronicle that combines comedy, tragedy, farce and horror. The themes and characters from Bergman's past films, as well as everything he was obsessed with, reappeared in this film. He claimed that this film was his "summary of his life as a director" and "a relaxed song about loving life." Hymn".

List of Bergman's film works:

1953, "Night of the Clowns", "A Lesson of Love"

1954, "Autumn Days" "Journey"

In 1955, "A Smile on a Summer Night"

In 1956, he completed "The Seventh Seal" in 35 days

In 1957, he directed a TV series for the first time.

Wrote and directed the films "Wild Strawberries" and "The Threshold of Life"

In 1958, "The Face" (renamed "The Magician" when released in the United States)

In 1959, "The Virgin Spring"< /p>

In 1960, "The Devil's Eyes" and "Still in the Mirror" were literally translated as "Through the Dark Glass"

In 1961, "Winter Light"

< p>1962, "Silence"

1963, "These Women"

1965, "Persona"

1966, "Wolf's" Moment"

In 1967, "Shame"

In 1968, "Ritual", "Passion"

In 1969, a documentary was filmed

1970, "Contact"

1971, 54 years old. "Shouts and Whispers" ("Shouts and Whispers");

1972, "Marriage Scene"

1974, "The Magic Flute"

1975 Year, "Face to Face"

In April 1976, he left Sweden and lived a life of self-exile. Choreographed and directed "Snake Egg" in Munich

In 1977, choreographed and directed "Autumn Sonata" in Norway

In 1978, he was 60 years old. Gathered happily with 8 children.

In 1979, "The Life of a Puppet"

In 1981, "Finney and Alexander"

In 1982, he announced his retirement from the film industry.

In 1983, he directed the film "After Rehearsal" for the TV station and shot the documentary "The Face of Karin" in memory of his mother.

In 1984, he directed the Shakespeare drama "King Lear".

In 1985, he directed the film "The Blessed One" for the TV station

In 1986, he wrote the autobiography "The Magic Lamp"; directed Shakespeare's play "Hamlet"

Awards:

"A Smile on a Summer Night" Special Award at the 1955 Cannes Film Festival

"The Seventh Seal" 1957 Cannes Film Festival Jury Prize

"A Woman's Expectation" 1958 Cannes Film Festival Special International Award, Best Director Award, Actress Collective Acting Award

"Wild Strawberries" 1958 West Berlin Film Festival Best Film Award

"The Magician" 1959 Venice Film Festival Jury Prize

"The Virgin Spring" 1960 Cannes Film Festival International Federation of Film Critics Special Award, Oscar Award for Best Foreign Language Film

< p>"Shadow in the Cup" won the Catholic Film Award at the 1962 West Berlin Film Festival, the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Screenplay, Best Actress, and the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

"Cries and Whispers" 1972 New York Film Critics Association Best Picture, Best Director, Best Screenplay, Best Actress, Oscar Award for Best Foreign Language Film

"Faces" 1977 Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film

"Fanny and Alexander" 1982 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

Film chronology:

July 14, 1918, Ernst Ing Germar Bergman was born in Uppsala, Sweden. His father Eric is an associate pastor of a church in Stockholm, and his mother's name is Karin.

In 1920, when he was 3 years old, his family moved to Stockholm.

In 1922, at the age of 5, his sister Margaret was born.

In 1924, at the age of 7, his father Eric was appointed chaplain of the Royal Hospital in Sofia.

1934, 17 years old, in high school. During the summer vacation, I came to Thuringia, Germany as an exchange student. Tour Berlin.

In 1937, at the age of 20, he passed the university entrance examination.

In 1938, at the age of 21, he served in the military and received short-term military training. Entered Stockholm University. In May, the stage plays "Voyage" (Wen En), "Happy Pell's Journey" and "Teacher Olof" (Strindberg) were rehearsed for the first time.

In 1939, at the age of 22, he applied to work at the Royal Theater in Stockholm, but was not accepted.

In 1940, at the age of 23, he left Stockholm University. .

In September 1942, at the age of 25, his stage play "The Death of Punch" was staged. Enter the film company.

In 1943, at the age of 26, he worked in the screenwriting department of a Swedish film company. In March, he married Esther Fisher.

In 1944, at the age of 27, his debut film script "Trouble" based on his high school life was made into a film by Alf Sjoberg.

In July 1945, at the age of 28, he independently directed his first film "Crisis". Divorced his first wife. Later married Ellen Lindstrom. Daughter Eva is born.

In the summer of 1946, he directed the movie "Love in the Rain" (also known as "The Man and an Umbrella"). In November, director Camus's stage play "Caligula" was a success. Son Jan was born.

In 1947, directed 3 stage plays. Directed the radio dramas "Playing with Fire" and "Dutchman" (Strindberg's works). He wrote and directed the movie "Island of Desire"; directed the movie "Music in the Dark".

In 1948, he directed and directed the films "Call of the Port" and "Prison".

In 1949, he directed the movie "Three Kinds of Strange Loves"; he wrote and directed the movie "Joy".

In 1950, he wrote and directed the film "Summer Interlude"; directed the film "It Shouldn't Happen Here". Divorced his second wife.

In 1951, he wrote the movie script "Divorce". Married Gunn Hagberg. Son Ingmar Jr. is born.

In 1952, he directed the films "Women's Expectations" and "Monica in the Summer".

——The following are all films written and directed by him:

(Also engaged in screenwriting and directing of stage plays and radio plays, omitted)

In 1953, "Night of the Clown", "A Lesson in Love"

1954, "Autumn Journey"

1955, "Smile on a Summer Night"

In 1956, he completed "The Seventh Seal" in 35 days

In 1957, he directed a TV series for the first time. Wrote and directed the films "Wild Strawberries" and "The Threshold of Life"

In 1958, "The Face" (renamed "The Magician" when released in the United States)

In 1959, "The Virgin Spring"< /p>

1960, 43 years old. "The Devil's Eyes" and "Although in the Mirror" (literally translated as "Through the Dark Glass", a biblical allusion). Married pianist Shebby Larrett, his fourth wife.

1961, "Winter Light"

1962, "Silence"

1963, "These Women"

1965, "Persona"

1966, "Hour of the Wolf"

1967, "Shame"

1968, "Ritual", " "Passion"

In 1969, a documentary was filmed

In 1970, "Contact"

In 1971, he was 54 years old. "Shouts and Whispers" ("Shouts and Whispers"); fifth marriage.

1972, "Marriage Scene"

1974, "The Magic Flute"

1975, "Face to Face"

1976 , left Sweden in April and lived a life of self-exile. Choreographed and directed "Snake Egg" in Munich

In 1977, choreographed and directed "Autumn Sonata" in Norway

In 1978, he was 60 years old. Gathered happily with 8 children.

In 1979, "The Life of a Puppet"

In 1981, "Finney and Alexander"

In 1982, he announced his retirement from the film industry.

In 1983, he directed the film "After Rehearsal" for the TV station and shot the documentary "The Face of Karin" in memory of his mother.

In 1984, he directed the Shakespeare drama "King Lear".

In 1985, he directed the film "The Blessed One" for the TV station.

In 1986, he wrote the autobiography "The Magic Lamp" and directed the Shakespeare play "Hamlet".

If a person has a soul like Swedish director Ingmar Bergman, is he lucky or unlucky?

Bergman was in a state of inner confusion and entanglement throughout his life. These confusions and entanglements may come from specific factors, such as emotional turmoil, work pressure, tense or alienated interpersonal relationships, etc., but more often than not, his confusions and entanglements stem entirely from his life itself.

His texture itself is chaotic and entangled. It can also be said that his genes are like this. Therefore, he is unstable at every point in his life. Love cannot fix him, fame cannot fix him, and the beauty of nature, The stability of daily life, the warmth of family happiness, and the glory of standing at the pinnacle of honor cannot fix him.

Such an individual life is quite unfortunate. However, his chaos and entanglements made him a lifelong creative artist and brought huge wealth to the world. We are grateful to him and grateful for his pain, although our gratitude has no effect on him.

Needless to say, Bergman’s films also have extraordinary refining and penetrating abilities. I think he is one of the few people in the world who can connect these two artistic fields. It's almost like he has two brains. I read Bergman's autobiography "The Magic Lamp" many years ago. This is a world-famous autobiographical masterpiece and one of my favorite autobiographies. Some time ago, I read "Bergman on Film" published by the "Cinema Gallery" series of Guangxi Normal University Publishing House. In this autobiographical treatise, which is woven with his film works as the thread and personal psychological history as the weft, I I read some passages like this:

"I roam in fragmented time. In fact, I have been living in a dream and occasionally visit the real world."

"With childhood in mind Hungry, I devoted myself to my chosen medium, never growing tired of its decades-long supply of dreams, sensory experiences, fantasies, delirium, neurasthenia, constrained beliefs, and sheer lies.”< /p>

Bergman also said, "I have always been deeply interested in the unmanageable balance between chaos and order." However, "if there is a long period of time, you feel like you are sawing a support. You'd be scared if you put all your weight on the branch." No, in fact, Bergman was never fundamentally scared. This is what makes him stand out from all the people in the world with confused and entangled souls. His life, his movies, his words, each page is printed with a water pattern: "Don't be afraid". On top of this "not afraid", he is confused, frustrated, tired, angry, sad, and even afraid. Then he worked, and worked, and worked forever on those things. The difference between him and other people with the same life quality is that they are controlled by chaos and entanglement, and then become poorer and weaker day by day. And Bergman, he doesn't. I like his heroic statement: "I have always been able to put the devil before the chariot." In fact, he did.