The history of the development of Western music and its representatives - -

--------Popular music-------:

Jazz

1. The Origin of Jazz Jazz (Jazz) has won the love of the audience with its dynamic syncopated rhythm, unique jazz scales and unstructured improvisation (or singing). It has also been recognized by people from all walks of life in the music field. It originates from blues and ragtime. After a full century of development, it is now colorful and in full bloom. Since the birth of the first jazz record in 1917, it has shown great potential for development. New Orleans jazz in the early 20th century, swing music played by big bands in the 1930s, bebop jazz in the 1940s, cold jazz in the late 1940s, hard bop in the 1950s, free jazz in the 1960s, and rock and roll after the 1970s Jazz, then Latin jazz, fusion jazz, jazz funk... Jazz records of different styles merged into a history of the development of jazz.

1. The origin of jazz - blues and ragtime

Blues (Blues)

Blues is a kind of music that emerged among black folk after the Civil War. Singing form...

Ragtime

Ragtime is the first musical form in American popular music that has truly national influence. It was originally a kind of piano music that was popular from the 1890s to the end of World War I...

2. The birthplace of jazz

New Orleans

Jazz was born in the southern city of New Orleans in the United States at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century...

2. Early Jazz (The late 19th century to the mid-1830s)

1. New Orleans jazz

It is generally believed that New Orleans jazz appeared in the 1890s. But the first jazz record in history came out in 1917 and was recorded in New Orleans by the "Original Dixieland Jazz Band". .....

2. Chicago Jazz

3. Swing Music

In the 1930s, a kind of music played by the Big Band Swing (Example 7), a black-style and highly danceable jazz music, began to develop in New York...

4. Bebop

...Bebop's melody is very incoherent, but sometimes it bursts out continuously; the rhythm is fragmented; the beat is implicit; the harmony changes frequently and is very complex (Example 8). The jazz musicians who promoted this style were mainly Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillette...

5. Cold jazz and hard bop

1 , Cool Jazz

In the late 1940s, as a reaction to Bop, a new, softer, warmer and more soothing style emerged. Relaxed jazz style, this is the so-called "cold jazz"...

2. Hard Bop

...Hard Bop Popularity emerged among black musicians in New York in the late 1950s to compete with cold jazz. They are not satisfied with the style of cold jazz that is deeply influenced by classical music, and strive to revive bebop...

6. Free jazz

In the 1960s, jazz creation developed rapidly, and creators tried every means to innovate.

They broke all traditional creative rules...

7. Modern Jazz

From the development and evolution of jazz for more than half a century, both musicians and The audience has reached a relatively high level in terms of artistic taste and knowledge level. Pure jazz could no longer satisfy their tastes, so they began to combine jazz with new ones, resulting in the emergence of a hybrid jazz culture...

Jazz-Rock

Latin Jazz

Bossa Nova

Fusion Jazz

Acid Jazz (Acid Jazz)

Country Music

1. The Birth of Country Music

Country Music (Country Music) appeared in the 1920s and originated from the United States. Folk music in the agricultural areas of the South...

2. Western swing

...Bob Wells from Texas Wills incorporated a large number of western cowboy songs (a kind of romantic love songs from the countryside) and swing elements into country music, creating a Western swing style similar to a "big band" lineup.

3. Bluegrass Music

In the 1940s, another branch of country music appeared in the mountains of Kentucky, called Bluegrass Music... ...

4. The Sound of Nashville

In the 1950s, Nashville became a country music concentration camp, and most of the famous country musicians came from here. Therefore, "Nashville Sound" has become synonymous with country music...

5. The rebellious era of country music

... By the 1970s, country music had become outdated, so a "rebellious movement" changed the traditional model of country music...

6. Country Singer

John · John Denver

Kenny Rogers

George strait

Vince Kill Vince Gill

Garth Brooks

Shania Twain

Rock and Roll

1. The emergence of rock music

1. Background

2. The emergence of rock music

3. The origin of rock music

Rhythm & Blues )

Tin Pan Alley

Country music

2. Early rock music

The mid-1950s to the 1960s In the early days, rock music grew rapidly from a toddler who just learned to walk. During this period, the rock music scene showed a prosperous scene. First, the two pioneers made a more complete positioning for the concept of rock music, and then others. With the support of rock stars, it presents three different style tendencies.

1. Bill Haley (1925～1981)

2. Elvis Presley (1935～1977)

3. Three style trends

Main Stream Rock

Soft Rock

Rockabilly

4. Surfing Music

3. "The Beatles" and British rock music

1. The development history of "The Beatles"

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Just as Presley was the representative of rock music in the 1950s, the main representative who promoted and dominated the rock music scene in the 1960s was the "Beatles". Not only that, the "Beatles" are also the most successful rock and roll band in the world so far...

2. The creative techniques of "The Beatles"

3. "The Rolling Stones" and other bands

4. Folk rock

1. Background

2. Bob Dylan

3. Other folk rock

5. Psychedelic rock

1. "San Francisco Sound"

2. San Francisco band

3. Outside San Francisco

Jim Morrison and the Doors

Jimi Hendrix

6. Art Rock

Art Rock emerged in the UK in the late 1960s. Its characteristics are: large structure, relatively complex harmonic language, often borrowing themes from classical music as material, and focusing on the logic of music and the simplicity and unity of music materials...

"Pink Floyd"

7. Soft Rock and Country Rock

1. Soft Rock

2 , Country Rock

"The Eagles"

8. Heavy Metal

1. Heavy Metal

"Led Zeppelin"

"Black Sabbath"

"Guns N' Roses" ) Band

"Van Halen" (Van Halen) Band

"Bon Jovi" (Bon Jovi) Band

"Dave Lepa Def Leppard Band

AC/DC Band

Metallica Band

2. Glitter rock or glam rock)

Related to heavy metal is another branch of hard rock, "glam rock". Its characteristics are not mainly in the music, but in the makeup, costumes and dramatic behavior of the actors on the stage. The leader in this area was David Bowie.

He is often compared to a "chameleon"...

9. Punk movement

1. Punk

The rise of the punk movement And its influence is mainly in the United Kingdom. It has a direct connection with the West, especially the British society.

It is increasingly declining...

2. New Wave (New Wave)

3. Grunge (Grunge, also translated as "Grunge")

Grunge, which emerged in Seattle in the United States in the early 1990s, is also known as the "Sound of Seattle" (Seattle

Sound)......

"Nirvana" Band

10. Alternative Rock

...

Here, the alternative rock we are going to introduce mainly refers to the various post-punk rock that emerged after the new wave music began to gradually decline from 1983 to 1984. This trend continued until 1995, when alternative rock became the mainstream of rock music.

1. American alternative rock

2. British alternative rock

3. Other alternative rock

After the 1990s, female rock singers started to attract people's attention. Among them, some non-British and American singers and bands, such as Sine O'Connor, Bj?rk, and the "Sour Strawberries" band, have also achieved great success in the European and American music circles

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Soul Music

1. Overview

What is Soul (Soul, also translated as "Soul Music") music? This is how some famous Sol musicians met...

2. Gospel songs

At the end of the 19th century, along with the Pentecostal church (one of the Christian sects) , mainly composed of people from the lower social classes), gospel songs (Gospel) were also born. It appeared at about the same time as ragtime and jazz. The difference is that it came from black church liturgy and was an integral part of the liturgy, but it was also spread through concerts, radio and records.

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3. Sol Singer

Since 1948, driven by Atlantic Records, they have gradually emerged Many Sol songs and singers, by the end of the 1960s, Sol had become an important variety in popular music...

Aretha Franklin

James Brown

4. Motown Music

5. Other Sol Music

In the 1970s, Sol music continued to develop. Like the entire pop music of the 1970s, it also presents a complex and diverse situation. In addition to the singers and groups already mentioned and Michael Jackson who will be mentioned later, there are also "Psychedelic Thor" of Sly and the Stones; "Earth, Wind and Fire" Soul music that continues the Motown style but becomes more complex and "Blue-Eyed soul" that is gradually emerging in the UK

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World music

World music is sometimes called ethnic pop music (Ethno pop). World music in a broad sense can refer to all ethnic music in the world, but here we are going to introduce the world. Music mainly refers to a new form of music that has been popular in the United States since the end of World War II, with American pop music as the main body and incorporating elements of national music from various countries around the world. Music has taken over the entire world. Blues, jazz, rock music, and other forms have flooded every corner of the world, bringing a huge impact on the pop music scene in various countries. In fact, all these "American" forms, In fact, they are all gene transfers of African ancestry, and they are the beats spread to North America during the slave trade era.

When these rhythms were slightly processed and returned to their hometown in new forms, they influenced the culture that had nurtured them and gave birth to an exciting hybrid variety - world music. World music in the 1980s had a great impact on the development of Western pop music. What’s interesting is that this influence is a cyclical relationship: African black culture, as the source of popular music, has developed rapidly. This is obvious. However, when this American form of popular music returns to Africa, it Prompted the birth of world music. In the 1980s, when the influence of world music gradually expanded, musicians from all over the world (especially in Asia and Africa) fully embodied a more avant-garde contemporary consciousness through various advanced means, thus returning to promote the development of popular music. Therefore, we can clearly see that world music does not exist in isolation. It is a mixture of popular music, ethnic music and even traditional music.

1. Reggae Music

1. Overview

Reggae music (Reggae, also translated as "reggae music" in Hong Kong and Taiwan), in the mid-1960s Originating from Jamaica, it has a medium speed and its distinctive feature is the accent that emphasizes the backbeat.

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2. Bob Marley (1945-1981)

3. Other reggae bands

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In the late 1970s, when reggae music found a broad market in Europe and the United States, many musicians began to follow suit. Among them, the British "UB40" band and the "Police" band are the most famous.

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2. Latin Music

This The so-called Latin music refers to the popular music in Latin America from the Rio Grande at the junction of the United States and Mexico to the southernmost tip of Cape Horn.

Latin America is a region. A multi-ethnic combination, Latin music is a diversified hybrid music formed by the fusion of many kinds of music, whether it is white music from Europe, black music from Africa, Indian music from the Americas, or even Asian music from the East. , have made different contributions to Latin music. After a long period of precipitation, on the basis of European culture as the main body, they also absorbed a large number of various factors from Indian culture and African black culture, and gradually formed a multi-faceted culture. Colorful, vibrant and dynamic Latin culture, then, what is the value of Latin America? Ao Xiao?

1. The origin and development of Latin music

(1) Indian culture

(2) European (Iberian) culture

(3) African black culture

2. Latin rhythm

From the origin of Latin music we can clearly see that Latin music is a rhythm-centered Popular music. Its rhythm is not just a simple law of strength, but the soul of music that makes it rise to a dominant position. Therefore, in the process of understanding Latin music, the first thing you need to understand is its rhythm. Rhythm. The following focuses on several representative Latin rhythms and styles

(1) Samba (Samba)

(2) Rumba (Ruhmba)

(3) Mambo

(4) Salsa

(5) Cha Cha

(6) Tango

The six styles introduced above, plus bossa nova introduced in jazz, as representatives of Latin music, have caused a Latin craze around the world. , but in addition to these seven popular categories, there are also the following styles of Latin music that are also very individual, such as Bolero, Guaracha, Habanera, Song ( Son, Guajira, Danzon, etc. These styles all come from Cuba, plus the previous Mambo and Rumba, so Cuba is known as the "treasure house of Latin rhythms".

Several Latin-style band patterns are provided below for reference (Example 44).

3. Santana

In the 1960s and 1970s, there was a musician who made a huge contribution to the spread and development of Latin music. He was Carlos Santana ( Carlos Santana).

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3. New Era Music

1. Overview

In the 1980s, when pop music presented In a complex and diverse situation: various genres of jazz have returned to the stage; various styles of rock music are rich and colorful; Sol music has broken through all lines of defense and continued to spread. At this time, a kind of quiet and gentle emotional music appeared - New Age (also translated as "New Age") music.

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2. "Enigma"

"Enigma" (also translated as "Enigma"), An American hymn expressed through the rhythms of Western pop music. Here, you can feel the distant and mysterious African tribes, and the sacred and solemn religious echoes. Many people have only heard the mysterious voice, but few understand the story behind "Ingmar". So, what form does it take?

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3. Other New Age Music

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Enya )

Kitaro

Yani

Other pop music

1. Dance music wave

1. Disco

2. House

3. Dance Pop

2. Rap and hip-hop music

1. Rap ??music (Rap)

The word rap music (sometimes translated as "rap" or "lap") originally meant black slang for quite a bit. Meaning of talking or chatting. As a form of popular music, it originated in the poor black residential areas of New York in the late 1970s. Its main feature is to recite a series of rhyming words quickly against the background of mechanical rhythm sounds...

2. Hip-Hop

Hip-Hop is a street culture that originated in New York in the late 1970s. It covers rap music and DJ "scratch" (Scratching), "Break Dance" (Break Dance) and other cultural forms active on the streets.

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3. Pop music stars

The singers and bands we are going to introduce in this section are all famous in today’s pop music scene. Famous international celebrities, each singer is not suitable for which chapter to be placed. For example, Eric Clapton's blues origins have made great achievements in pop music; Elton John's diverse styles, "U2"'s "new wave", electronic flavor and the fusion of various elements ; Michael Jackson, Mariah Carey, Whitney Houston's Thor Genki in pop music, and more. All this means is that popular music is constantly evolving and will continue to do so.

Eric Clapton

Elton John

Michael Jackson

Michael Bolton

"U2"

Babra Streisand

Whit Whitney Houston

Madonna

Celine Dion

Mariah Carey

----------Classical music--------:

1. Early period (1000-1600)

2 . Baroque Period (1600-1750)

Vivaldi (1678-1757) Italy

Handel (1685-1759) Germany/England

Bach ( 1685-1750) Germany

3. Classical Period (1750-1830)

Bach (1714-1788) Germany

Haydn (1732-1809) Austria

Mozart (1756-1791) Austria

Beethoven (1770-1827) Austria

Rossini (1792-1868) Italy

Schubert (1797-1828) Austria

IV. Early/Middle Romanticism (1830-1850)

Glinka (1804-1857) Russia

Berlioz (1803-1869) France

Mendelssohn (1809-1847) Germany

Chopin (1810-1849) Polish

Schumann ( 1810-1856) Germany

Liszt (1811-1886) Hungary

Offenbach (1819-1880) Germany/France

5. Late Romanticism (1850-1930)

Verdi (1813-1901) Italy

Smetana (1824-1884) Czech Republic

Johann Sy, Jr. Trauss (1825-1899) Austria

Brahms (1833-1897) Germany

Borodin (1833-1887) Russia

Mu Solsky (1839-1881) Russia

Rimsky-Korsakov (1844-1908) Russia

Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) Russia

Greeg (1843-1907) Norway

Elgar (1857-1934) England

Puccini (1858-1924) Italy

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Mahler (1860-1911) Germany

Debussy (1862-1918) France

Richard Strauss (1864-1949) Germany

Sibelius (1865-1957) Finland

Rachmaninoff (1873-1943

) Russia

Ravel (1875-1937) France

Stravinsky (1882-1971) Russia/France

Prokofier husband (1891-1953) Russia

Gershwin (1897-1937) USA

Copland (1900-1990) USA

Shostakovich ( 1906-1975) Russia

Stockhausen (1928) Germany