It can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty. The "Xijing tune" of Meihu's music is as sad as complaining, which stems from the people's sorrow in Fenghao area for King You of Zhou who doted on Baosi and lost his country. (See "Huxian Chronicle" and "Shaanxi Local Meihu Music"); the tune (the ancestor of Meihu) is "Qingqu". The early historical evidence of the title is "Bi Ji Manzhi" and "Zhu Zi" written by Wang Zhuo of the Song Dynasty. "Speech Volume". It is recorded in the previous book: "Since the Sui Dynasty, today's so-called tunes have gradually become popular, and it was slightly more prosperous in the Tang Dynasty. Nowadays, there are so many obscene sounds that they are almost countless. The ancient songs have become ancient Yuefu, and the ancient Yuefu has become modern tunes. The original version is the same. also". It is recorded in the later book: "The ancient Yuefu is the overtone in the poem. Later generations were afraid of losing the overtone, so they added real words one by one, and then grew into short sentences. This is the tune today." It can be seen that ancient songs turned into ancient Yuefu, ancient Yuefu turned into poems, and poems turned into lyrics, so the music should have been produced earlier than the prosperous Tang Dynasty. "Among the Dunhuang tunes and lyrics there is a song called "Wu Geng Zhuan" by Shen Hui Monk" (see "Research on the History of Hexi Development", page 288), which shows that "the music score of the poems was conceived in large quantities in the Dunhuang tunes and lyrics between Kai and Tian." ". (See page 88 of the same book) It also explains that today's "Wugeng" tune comes from the Hexi music score in Beiqu. According to the tomb of Feng Hui in Qianjiazui Village, Didian Township, Bin County in April 1992, the tomb of Feng Hui, who was born in the late Tang Dynasty and died in the last year of the Five Dynasties, contained 42 relief sculptures, with the upper and lower layers assembled into a complete figure. The shape, with a total of 28 figures, depicts the lively scene of two groups of men and women playing loose music, involving musical instruments such as chimes, harp, clapper, waist drum, pipa, tara drum, flute, reed, panpipe, and square sound ( There are 11 kinds of musical instruments including the upper and lower floors), and forms such as "hooking up" and "leaving the stage (off stage)" to conduct music and dance. It can be seen that Sanle (Sanqu) existed in the late Tang Dynasty and the later years of the Five Dynasties. The "Su Ge" in the poem "The Housewives and Du Lao You Su Ge" written by Chaoyi Han Yuanluo, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, is "Qing Qu", commonly known as tune. In Zhouzhi, Huxian and Wugong areas of Shaanxi Province, there are still repeated stories such as "Kang Zhuangyuan (Kang Hai) performed Zaju" and "Wang Xueshi (Jiusi) sang songs". Moreover, the Wang Jiusi Musicians' Class was founded in 1511 AD (the sixth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty), and the Ming Dynasty dramatist Li Kaixian gave on-the-spot guidance. It can be seen that the formation of complete folk art should be during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty. (See pages 362 and 377 of Volume 65 of Shaanxi Chronicles, Culture and Art Chronicles).

Meihu Opera originated from Xi and Hu counties in Shaanxi. The arguments of Mr. Mo Yiping and Wang Shaoyou are more powerful.

"Drama" originated from Meihu County in Shaanxi Province. It is a legacy of "Xiansuo Tune" (Yuan Opera Zaju), which should be affirmed. Because "Yuan Opera" is also a "qu opera" with long and short sentences; string strings (three-stringed pipa) are the main musical instruments. Anyone who has studied Yuan Opera will know that Yuan Opera adopts Faqu (Taoist tune), lyrics and tunes. , Fan tunes (including Tatar tunes) and the folk slang tunes of the time were mixed together; as for Ganzhen tunes, they mainly developed the latter - slang tunes. It can be called a "sister chapter" with the same origin and different currents as Henan's "Dazogang" (Luoyang opera), Datong (northern Shanxi) opera and all "opera" in various places. According to the name of the tune, it seems to originate from the "popular tune" of the Sui Dynasty... The so-called "Song lyrics" famous for their long and short sentences are actually just tunes... Meihu music is the legacy of Yuan music. When was it created? It was founded in the middle of the Ming Dynasty (the fifth year of Zhengde) after the eunuch Liu Jin was executed. The martial artist Kang Hai and the king of Hu County, Jiusi, also complained about Jin Party's dereliction of duty and expressed his depression in the song. He once performed in Shudong (Lantian) West), Hu (Huxian), Du (Duling, south of Chang'an County), a large area, following the remaining flames of Beiqu, confronted with Nanqu. Historical records say: Kang Hai was dismissed from the Jin Party. He and Wang Jiusi and others would gather together at the Hudu Room in the east of Bundong, where they would drink and make music with their voices and performers. They would compare themselves with the haiku to express their depression, and they were also good at playing the pipa. Later generations Follow suit. This shows that he creatively developed "Northern Opera" from folk "sound skills" and is easy to imitate. There is no doubt that Meihu's music has the inherent (heritage) of "Kang Wang's music" which was "imitated". Judging from the "Qu Yuan" and some Ming Dynasty records, those who supported the Yu Yan of Bei Qu successively included King Zhou Xian of Bianliang, King Ning Xian of Nanchang, He Yuanlang of Zhejiang, Shi Zhong and Dun of Jinling. Ren, Chen Duo, Yang Shen from Shu and Yunnan provinces, and secondly mentioned the Northern Song of "Yunzhong" (Datong, Shanxi), but it is unknown who his supporters were.

However, Kang Hai and Wang Jiusi from Hudong and Dujian were indeed a powerful force supporting Beiqu Yuyan. The formation of Meihu Opera is closely related to King Kang's creative "Northern Opera". Naturally, it also absorbed some things from "Nanqu" in its subsequent development, such as "Luo Jiang Yuan" and so on. (See "Instructions on Traditional Repertoires of Shaanxi" compiled by Shaanxi Provincial Repertoire Studio in 1958.12, written by Mo Yiping on "Talking about Meihu").

The drama historian Jia Zhi also said: "Meihu tunes" were originally developed from the Northern tunes of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties absorbing folk songs, pastoral songs, love songs, children's songs, etc. from Mei County and Hu County. Before the stage became an independent type of drama, it was sung by singers with the accompaniment of Sanxian and other musical instruments and did not require any movements, so it was also called "Meihu sitting singing". (See the article written by Jia Zhi in the book "Shaanxi Local Meihu Music" - "Thoughts from Meihu Music")

The dramatist Wang Shaoyou also wrote in "A Preliminary Exploration of the Origin of Meihu" It asserts: "This shows that it creatively developed Beiqu from folk vocal skills and spread throughout the country. Between Hu and Du, people passed on the practice and spread it. Since King Kang strongly supported Beiqu, this song The rest of Yuan opera gradually developed from slang minor tunes (see the same book "Preliminary Exploration of the Origin of Meihu" by Wang Shaoyou)

Wang Jiusijiaban was established in the sixth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty. (1511), Wang Jiusi became the class leader...Wang Jiusi funded and invited famous teachers to learn sanxian and pipa behind closed doors for three years. He inherited the "tanci", "earning ci" and "various official tunes" since the Song Dynasty, and combined them with popular folk songs, Minor tunes are composed of music. Every time a song is completed, the singers in the family will sing it. They will sing aloud with the accompaniment of the three-stringed pipa (see page 377 of "Shaanxi Local Chronicle·Culture and Art Chronicle")

According to "Wugong Zhi·Biography of Kang Hai" records: Kang Hai and Wang Jiusi supported Zhou Zhi's opera troupe - Hua Qing Troupe: "Hai has since released things, expressed his love for the mountains and rivers, gathered a lot of actors, created Yuefu, coordinated the voices, and copied the pipa. The family music class was founded and was known as the Kang Family Class Society. ...he co-created the "Kangwang Tune" with Wang Jiusi of Hu County, and supported Zhang Yupeng and Wang Lanqing in the Zhou Dynasty to establish the Zhangjia Class, also known as the Huaqing Class, which has been active for more than 500 years in history and made contributions to the revitalization of Beiqu... Immortal feats. ”