Qinghai Province is located in the eastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is bordered by Xinjiang in the northwest, Tibet in the southwest, Sichuan in the southeast and Gansu in the east and north. Since ancient times, it has been a place where many ethnic groups live together. Six ethnic groups, namely Han, Hui, Tibetan, Salar and Mongolia, live in more than 72, square kilometers of land. The mountains stand upright, the rivers are vertical, and the desert plains are coextensive. Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and Islam coexist. The complex geographical environment and diverse humanistic background have created the rich content and colorful artistic personality of Qinghai folk songs. Now, according to their song types, they are briefly described as follows.

First, Huaer

Huaer is spread among eight ethnic groups, namely Han, Hui, Tu, Salar, Tibetan, Dongxiang, Baoan and Yugu, and distributed in Qinghai, Gansu and Ningxia. A folk song in four provinces of Xinjiang. Qinghai people call it "juvenile". The basic structure of Huaer's lyrics is generally four-sentence seven-tone or nine-tone single-word endings and seven-tone or eight-tone double-word endings, that is, odd-sentence odd-word endings and even-sentence even-word endings. Other sentence patterns with six or more sentences are all variations of four-sentence structure. Various lining words are often used in Huaer's lyrics, which are combined with corresponding melodies to make Huaer's melodies freely connected. The appeal of expressing emotions is strengthened. At the same time, these lining words are also used to name Qu Ling. The musical structure of Hua 'er basically belongs to the extended upper and lower sentence styles, and the length of the upper and lower sentences is different. Its scale is pentatonic quotient, and the tone-calling style is the most common. According to its different musical styles, it can be divided into three types: one is Han and Hui Hua 'er; The second is the Tu nationality flowers; The third is the Salar Flower.

1. The Han and Hui "Flower" < P > This flower is the largest and most widely spread in Qinghai, and it is the main part of Qinghai Flower. It is mainly spread in Huangyuan, Huangzhong, Datong, Huzhu, Ping 'an, Hualong, Minhe, Ledu and Xunhua counties, Xining City, Guide County and Hai in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai. Among them, the basic tone sequence of Shang Dynasty plays a leading role. Sometimes, the angular tone is emphasized or the angular tone is replaced by the clear angle to dilute the jumping feeling of the fourth tone of Shang Dynasty in the melody, thus forming a faint sadness. The melody takes Shang, Zheng and Shang as the basic framework, while the movement from Shang to Jiao (or clear angle) and feather to Gong Yin as the medium, forming a simple, simple and lively musical personality. < P > Flowers radiated to Datong and neighboring counties, which are mainly spread by Tu nationality, are euphemistic, soft and implicit. Tu flowers are based on the five-tone melody, which is not widely used in jumping in four intervals, but has its own characteristics with the gradual rotation and the sharp falling sound at the end of the sentence, making the melody simple, clear and drifting. In the melody process, it is often used to detour from the commercial tone to the octave. Highlighting and emphasizing the supporting and stabilizing role of Gongyin in the melody in the ascending and descending directions reflects the implicit, simple, sincere and sincere inner artistic style and psychological quality of the Tu people.

3. The Salar "Hua 'er" < P > is mainly spread in Xunhua, Hualong, Tongren and Minhe, and its tunes are composed of syllables with feather as the center and Shang and Jiao as the backbone. Except for Salar flowers, Most of them are based on minor tunes. Its tunes are inherently simple and full of singing. The melodic movements are often the four-degree jump of the horns and the three-degree descent of the Shang tones or the palace tones. One is the minor color with smooth and balanced melody and full of lyrical temperament, and the other is the lively and lively minor color with bouncy.