1. Contents of common sense about literature and art

Preface

Part One Overview of Literature and Art

1. Basic Theory of Literature and Art

2. The Party’s literary and artistic policies in different historical periods

3. Introduction to some awards in the Chinese cultural sector

(1) Awards in the literary sector

(2) Drama Industry Awards

(3) Press and Publishing Industry Awards

(4) Film and Television Industry Awards

(5) Other Awards

Second Part of the history of Chinese and foreign literature

1. Ancient Chinese Literature

(1) Pre-Qin Literature

(2) Literature of the Han Dynasty

(3) Literature of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

(4) Literature of the Sui and Tang Dynasties

(5) Literature of the Song Dynasty

(6) Literature of the Yuan Dynasty

(7 ) Ming Dynasty Literature

(8) Qing Dynasty Literature

(9) Modern Literature (1840~1918)

2. Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature

(1) Literature of the May 4th Period

(2) Literature of the 1930s

(3) Literature of the 1940s

(4) Contemporary Seventeen Years of Literature (1949~1966)

(5) The literary and artistic circles during the "Cultural Revolution"

(6) Literature in the new era

3. Foreign Literature

(1) Greek Literature

(2) Italian Literature

(3) Spanish Literature

(4) British Literature

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(5) French Literature

(6) German Literature

(7) Northeastern European Literature

(8) Russian-Soviet Literature< /p>

(9) American Literature

(10) Latin American Literature

(11) Japanese Literature

(12) Indian Literature< /p>

(13) West Asian and North African Literature

Part Three Comprehensive Knowledge of Art

1. Music

(1) Music Knowledge< /p>

(2) Common music genres

(3) Common musical forms

(4) Notation

(5) Vocal music Common sense

(6) Common sense of instrumental music

(7) Common sense of Chinese music history

(8) Common sense of Chinese folk music

( 9) Common sense of foreign music history

(10) Modern and contemporary world music scene

2. Dance

(1) Common sense of dance

( 2) Common dance genres

(3) Famous Chinese and foreign dancers

3. Folk arts and acrobatics

(1) The concept of folk arts and acrobatics

< p> (2) Classification and characteristics of folk arts and acrobatics

4. Drama

(1) Common sense of drama

(2) Drama genres and systems

(3) Common sense of Chinese opera

(4) Types of Chinese opera

5. Movies

(1) The invention of movies and the development of film art

(2) Film audio-visual language

(3) Foreign films

(4) Chinese films

(5) Other film knowledge

6. Radio and Television

(1) History and Development of Radio and Television

(2) China Radio and Television

(3) TV program production

(4) Classification of TV programs

7. Photography art

(1) Basic knowledge of photography

(2) ) Photography knowledge

8. Art

(1) Art knowledge

(2) Famous Chinese artists

(3) Foreign countries Artists and Schools

(4) Chinese Painting

9. Calligraphy and Seal Cutting

(1) Common Knowledge of Calligraphy

(2) Seal Cutting Common sense

(3) Famous Chinese calligraphers

Part 4: Basic training questions on literary and artistic knowledge

1. Questions and answers

2. Fill-in-the-blank questions

Part 5: Some colleges and universities Real questions and reference answers for the Literary and Art General Knowledge Exam

1. 2004 Literary and Art General Knowledge Test Paper for the Film and Television Production Management Major of Beijing Film Academy

Reference answers

2. Chinese Academy of Opera 2007 Cultural Comprehensive Written Test Paper (A) for International Cultural Exchange Major

Reference Answers

3. 2005 Literary and Art General Knowledge Test Paper for Culture and Art Management Major of Shandong University of Arts

Reference answers

4. 2006 Literature and Art General Knowledge Test Paper for the Film and Television Major of Shandong University of the Arts

Reference answers

5. 2005 Literature and Art for the Radio and Television Directing Major of Nanjing University of the Arts General Knowledge Test Paper

Reference Answers

6. Shandong Normal University Film and Television Major 2008 Exam Paper

Reference Answers

7. Hunan Province 2007 Art Major Joint Entrance Examination Film and Television Program Production Category Literary Knowledge Test Paper

Reference Answers

2. Film and Television Literary Knowledge

Art colleges generally have fine arts and Musicology.

In terms of literature... Business training goals of Chinese language major: This major cultivates students with systematic knowledge and professional skills in Chinese language, linguistics, Chinese literature, etc., who can work in universities, scientific research institutions and relevant departments of government agencies and enterprises. Senior linguistics professionals who are engaged in practical work in the teaching and research of Chinese language and characters, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, language and character management and language application. Business training requirements: Students in this major mainly learn the basic theories and basic knowledge of Chinese, linguistics, and Chinese literature, receive basic training in theoretical thinking and professional skills, and master the basic abilities of investigation, research, and language teaching.

Graduates should acquire the following knowledge and abilities: 1. Master the basic principles of Marxism, basic theories and basic knowledge of Chinese language, linguistics, and Chinese literature; 2. Master phonetic experimental skills and Chinese information Processing technology and Chinese teaching methods; 3. Have a knowledge base of philosophy and literature and history, as well as strong writing skills and social investigation abilities; 4. Understand my country’s guidelines, policies, regulations and current language and writing work tasks; 5. Understand The theoretical frontier of language and writing research and the prospects of Chinese science and technology application; 6. Master the basic methods of literature retrieval and data query, and have certain scientific research and practical work capabilities. Main courses: Main subjects: Chinese language and literature Main courses: Introduction to linguistics, modern Chinese, ancient Han Dynasty, introduction to literature, history of Chinese literature, history of Chinese linguistics, computational linguistics, history of Chinese language, survey of Chinese dialects, logic, Europe and America Linguistics, experimental phonetics, Chinese information processing, etc.

Main practical teaching links: including language survey, teaching internship, thesis writing, etc., generally scheduled for 10-15 weeks.

Years of study: four years Degree awarded: Bachelor of Arts Similar majors: Chinese language and literature Chinese language as a foreign language Chinese minority languages ??and literature Classical literature Chinese language and culture Applied linguistics Chinese education Film director Zhang Yimou Chen Kaige Huang Jianzhong Huang Jianxin Feng Xiaoning Feng Xiaogang Chen Guoxing Saiful Meilisi Chen Jialin Zhang Yuan TV series director Zhang Shaolin Pan Xia Song Zhao Yang Yang Documentary director Xiao Tongqing Yan Dong Chen Xiaoqing Wu Wenguang Hongyu Wei Bin Tong Ning Zhang Yuan Xu Xiaohui TV special director Wu Xiaozhong Zhang Tao Li Zhuoyu Xu Xiaohui Zhang Yue Hongmei Ke Weibing Short film (advertising\MTV\title) Director Zheng Hao Li Genggen Yingjie Wu Ershan Zhang Yimou Awards: Films for which I served as cinematographer: (1984) "One and Eight" won the China Film Outstanding Photography Award; (1985) "Yellow Earth" won the 5th "Golden Rooster Award" Best Cinematography Award; Nantes Asia and Africa, France Best Cinematography Award at the La Tricontinental International Film Festival; Best Cinematography Award and Special Jury Award at the Hawaii International Film Festival in the United States; "Silver Leopard Award" at the Lucano International Film Festival in Switzerland; (1986) won the "Fifth Hong Kong Film Festival" One of the top ten discourse films of the Academy Awards; Grand Prize at the London International Film Festival; (1986) "Parade" won the Special Award at the Montreal International Film Festival in Canada; (1988 as the leading actor) "Old Well" won the The 11th Popular Film "Hundred Flowers Award" Best Feature Film Award; the 8th "Golden Rooster Award" Best Feature Film and Best Director Award; the 7th Hong Kong Film "Golden Image Awards" one of the top ten Chinese films; (87 (2010) won the Best Film Award, the Special Jury Award, and the Tokyo Governor's Award at the 1st Tokyo International Film Festival; (1990 as the leading actor) "Terracotta Warriors" won the "Entertainment Film Honors" at the 40th West Berlin International Film Festival Award"; "Science Fiction Film Technology Award" at the Spanish Annual Film Festival; (1991) Nominated for Best Film Score and Best Actress at the 10th Hong Kong Film "Awards"; Grand Prize at the French Fantasy Action Film Festival in Paris; Films he directed: (1987) "Red Sorghum" won the "*** Award" from the Ministry of Radio, Film and Television; (1988) won the 11th Popular Film "Hundred Flowers Award" for Best Feature Film; the 8th "Golden Rooster Award" Best Feature Film Award, Best Cinematography Award, Best Music Award, Best Sound Recording Award; the 38th West Berlin International Film Festival Grand Prize "Golden Bear Award"; the 5th Zimbabwe International Film Festival Best Film Award, Best Sound Recording Award Best Director Award, Feature Film Authenticity and Novelty Award, and Best Artistic Achievement Award; Sydney Film Critics Award at the 35th Sydney International Film Festival in Australia; Atlas Gold Award for Director and Production at the First Marrakesh International Film Festival in Morocco Atlas Gold Medal; (1989) won the Best Film Award of the Youth Audience Committee of the Belgian French Radio at the 16th Brussels International Film Festival in Belgium; the "Silver Panda Award" at the 5th Montreal International Film Festival in France; One of the top ten Chinese-language films at the 8th Hong Kong Film "Awards"; (1990) Nominated for the "Annual Award" of the East German Film Association; Cuban Annual Distribution Film Award for the Ten Best Feature Films; (89) "Codename American Leopard" won the 12th Popular Film "Hundred Flowers Award" for Best Supporting Actress (Gong Li); (1990) "Ju Dou" won the 9th Hong Kong Film "Awards" as one of the top ten Chinese films ; The First Luis Bu?uel Special Award at the 43rd Cannes Film Festival in France; "Golden Harvest Award" at the 35th Valadoli German International Film Festival in Spain; Audience Choice Best Film Award; Chicago International in the United States "Golden Hugo Award" at the Film Festival; (1990) Nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the 63rd Academy Awards in the United States; (1991) "Raise the Red Lantern" won the 10th Hong Kong Film Award One of the top ten Chinese-language films of the Academy Awards; "Silver Lion Award" of the 44th Venice International Film Festival in Italy, International Society of Film Critics Award, Catholic Association of Film Critics Award, Kingery Special Award for Styling, Avellano Tower Special Award; (1991) Nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the 64th Academy Awards in the United States; Nominated for Best Foreign Language Film and Best Actress in a Foreign Language Film at the Italian National Oscar "David Award" (Gong Li ); the Milan Film Association of Italy awarded the first place award for the best foreign language film of the year according to the audience; (1992) won the British National Film Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film; the Belgian Excellent Film Award; "Qiu Ju's Lawsuit" (1992) Won the "Gold Cup Award" at the first Changchun International Film Festival; the "Golden Lion Award" for the Best Film Award and the Best Actress Award (Gong Li) at the 45th International Film Festival in Venice, Italy; and the annual "*** Award" from the Radio, Film and Television Department "; The 15th Popular Film "Hundred Flowers Award" Best Film Award, Best Film Award

Best Actress Award (Gong Li); Best Film Award and Best Actress Award (Gong Li) at the 12th China Film "Golden Rooster Awards".

3. Please help me introduce some literary knowledge about 'drama'

1. Overview: Drama 1. Definition: See the first paragraph on page 162 of the textbook 2. Characteristics: ( 1) The script must be suitable for stage performance.

The performance must be limited by time and space, and major events that happened in different places and over a long period of time should be concentrated on a limited stage and performed within two or three hours. For knowledge about the "Three Unities", see the fourth paragraph on page 162. (2) There must be concentrated and sharp conflicts.

Drama reflects the conflicts in real life. Without conflicts, there would be no drama. This conflict is a reflection of social contradictions, and it has a certain development process. This process constitutes the plot structure of the script.

The plot structure of the script can be divided into: Beginning - Development - *** - Ending Beginning: Introduce character relationships and reveal conflicts. Development: Describe the ups and downs of the plot, one after another. Starting from the beginning, the contradictions and conflicts are pushed to the climax step by step. ***: The conflict reaches its peak and shows a dramatic transformation. Ending: The ending is the inevitable result of the plot development and the resolution of the conflict.

Epilogue: Echoing the preface, it provides some inspiration for the ideological content of the script and arouses people's associations and prospects. (3) The language and actions of the characters must be in line with their respective identities and characteristics. 3. The methods used in the script to depict the characters, advance the plot and express ideas are: (1) Stage description: including character lists, stage art, environment, sound, and characters. Endings, postures, movements, expressions, psychological activities, etc. of characters' dialogues.

(2) Character dialogue and lyrics: including monologue, narration, and dialogue. It is the main component of the script, and its task is to develop the plot, remind the characters, and express the theme.

(3) Structural form: Acts and scenes. The tomb is a large unit, and the field is a small unit. 4. Drama classification: (1) Different art forms and expression techniques: drama, opera, dance drama, poetic drama, musical, and cross talk drama.

(2). The complexity and structure of the plot are different: multi-act drama, one-act drama (3). The themes reflect different eras: historical drama, modern drama (4). The nature and expression methods of conflicts are different. ; Tragedy, comedy, drama (tragicomedy). (5) Different regional colors: Peking Opera (Beijing), Shanghai Opera (Shanghai)), Henan Opera (Henan), Lu Opera (Shandong Jiangsu), Sichuan Opera, Han Opera (Hubei), Chu Opera (Hubei Jiangxi), Jin Opera (Shanxi), Huangmei Opera ( Zhejiang), etc. (6), different performances: author of stage plays, radio plays, movies, TV series, etc. and author of "Thunderstorm" Cao Yu, formerly known as Wan Jiabao, was born in a declining feudal family in Tianjin in 1910. In 1933, when he was in the fourth grade of Tsinghua University, He completed his debut multi-act drama "Thunderstorm", which for the first time showed his artistic talent with its profound ideological content and excellent artistic skills, causing shock in the theater world.

"Thunderstorm" is my first ***, maybe a cry." After "Thunderstorm", Cao Yu wrote other scripts such as "Sunrise", "Beijingers" and "The Wilderness".

"Thunderstorm" and "Sunrise" are his masterpieces, with the highest achievements. After liberation, Cao Yu wrote "Bright Sky", "Courage of Swords" and "Wang Zhaojun".

< p> The symbolic meaning of the title The title of "Thunderstorm" not only points out the natural climate in which the plot of the drama takes place: "The weather is gloomier and hotter. The low, humid air makes people extremely irritable. ”

Such weather finally led to thunder and lightning at night and heavy wind and rain. Parallel to the development of this bad weather, a devastating "thunderstorm" was also brewing and finally broke out within this feudal family: ***, Zhou Chong died of electrocution, Zhou Ping shot himself... The "thunderstorm" in nature and within the family actually symbolizes the increasingly acute social conflicts.

The author uses "thunderstorm" as the title image. It tells people: In the semi-feudal and semi-colonial China in the 1920s, a tremendous social change was inevitable. Lao She, whose original name was Shu Qingchun, was born on February 3, 1899. Born in a poor family in Beijing, Lao She entered private school at the age of 7. After the May 4th Movement, he tried to write his first short story "Little Bell" in vernacular.

In 1924, he went to England and worked as a Chinese lecturer at the Oriental College of the University of London. He successively wrote three novels with satirical, humorous and comic characteristics, including "Lao Zhang's Philosophy", "Zhao Ziyue" and "Er Ma", which provided the earliest satirical novel system in the history of modern novels.

After returning to China in the spring of 1930, he served as professor at Qilu University in Jinan and Shandong University in Qingdao. In the summer of 1936, Lao She resigned from his teaching position and engaged in professional writing. He completed the famous novel "The Look of a Camel" and won great reputation.

"After the July 7th Incident, he left his wife and children and traveled to Wuhan and Chongqing alone. He bravely devoted himself to the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement and presided over the work of the All-China Literary and Art Circles Anti-Enemy Association. He was particularly He attached great importance to drama creation. From 1939 to 1943, he independently completed or co-wrote nine scripts, including "Remnant Fog", "Zhang Zizhong" and "Returning to the Past".

In 1946, he went to work with Cao Yu. He gave lectures in the United States and wrote the last part of the 1 million-word masterpiece "Four Generations Under One Roof" and other works. He returned to China in 1949.

He served as vice chairman of the my country Federation of Literary and Art Circles and vice chairman of the Chinese Writers Association in 1951. He was awarded the title of "People's Artist" by the Beijing Municipal People's Government.

After the start of the "Cultural Revolution", he was brutally persecuted and committed suicide with hatred on August 24, 1966. Lao She was our country's "May 4th". "One of the pioneers of new literature since then, an outstanding modern language artist, a world-renowned patriotic writer, and a people's artist.

He is famous for his novels, plays and folk arts. He is famous for his prose and poetry. He also made outstanding achievements in essays and essays; he wrote more than 10 novels, more than 70 short stories, more than 30 plays, a 4,000-line poem and nearly 300 short poems, nearly 20 His works have enriched the treasure house of world progressive literature. William Shakespeare (1564-1616) was an outstanding British dramatist during the Renaissance. , a poet. Born in a wealthy merchant family in 1564.

He studied in "Grammar School," but dropped out of school because his father went bankrupt. At the age of 21, he went to work in a London theater and soon acted on stage and began to write scripts and poems.

Most of his works are poetic dramas, and his main works include "King Lear", "Hamlet", "Othello>>" Romeo and Juliet>><

He.

4. What books should I read for general knowledge about drama, film and television literature?

The best answer is that the content of drama, film and television literature and the college entrance examination for director and director are the same.

If it is the director's college entrance examination, the most basic things are literary knowledge and film and television criticism. Understand and master film and television language.

The film and television college entrance examination mainly tests common knowledge of literature and art, analysis of film and television works, interviews and storytelling. There are aspects of literary and artistic expertise in the interview.

In terms of employment scope, you can engage in radio, television program editing and directing, art photography, sound design, sound director, copywriting, screenwriting, production, social education and literary and artistic programs in all levels of radio, film and television systems and cultural departments. You can also work as a host, etc., or as a text reporter, photojournalist, etc. in print media. To be precise, it is a relatively technical major, which means there is a lot of computer practice and the like. It also requires you to have a strong cultural background and a strong ability to write stories. Since this major is behind the scenes, your personality has little impact.

What is the employment direction? It is usually a TV station, a radio station, somewhere like this. TV program production is not much different from writing and directing, but it is a little easier than writing and directing. There is no requirement for personality or anything else, because it is also a behind-the-scenes job.

In general, don’t worry about your skills. You will definitely be able to find a job and make a living in the future, but in these two majors, you have to follow the work group everywhere, which is quite tiring. If you want to open your own studio or film and television company, you still have a lot of room for independent development.

Nowadays, many college entrance examination students want to take the directing major, and some students will ask about taking tutoring classes. I personally think that tutoring can be offered or not, and the decision whether to go or not depends on your overall personal qualities.

If you attend a good tutoring class, it will be fine. If you attend a poor tutoring class, I suggest you find a few regular and genuine books to read. The China Director Network provides guidance in this regard. Book and light Zhang Yimou's plate. If you take a tutoring class, it is recommended not to take too long, at most one month.

In fact, if the tutoring class is responsible for teaching seriously, two weeks will be enough. Even if you listen carefully to a lecture for a few hours, you will understand everything.

The teacher just gives you an outline or a direction. The key is to work hard on your own and memorize common sense about literature and art. These are the most basic things, as well as film criticism. I also know that the study in the third year of high school is quite intense. , but you can definitely spare some time to watch movies. Go to the video store and buy a movie CD for two yuan, then watch it after you go home and finish your homework.

Then analyze the movie based on the theory in the tutorial book. The tutorial book on writing film reviews is "Analysis of Film and Television Works", compiled by a teacher in a tutoring class in Shandong. After reading this book, you will It is equivalent to this teacher tutoring you for several hours, so everyone should understand this truth. Reading a good book is like having a conversation with a good teacher, and reading a good guidance book is like receiving guidance from a good teacher.

Some students asked what movies to watch and which movies to watch? Looking at mainland movies, the Directors and Directors website has compiled films that have been tested in major universities across the country over the years. From that article, we can see that most of them are mainland films, especially those made by fifth-generation directors. Students studying directing should have a political sense.

This means that you don’t want to watch movies by directors who have been banned by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television or who have been banned. You can’t pass the exam anyway.

We are here for the exam. So you have to be secular.

Just watch movies with main themes, about maternal love, about time, about the development of Chinese history, etc. Chen Kaige's and Zhang Yimou's.

Action films are generally not tested in the college entrance examination for directors, but there are exceptions. In 2007, Tianjin Normal University passed Stephen Chow's "Kung Fu". Therefore, the most popular films in the school’s high school entrance examination are literary and artistic films, and they are from the past two years.

I’m tired, let’s say this much first. 7.

5. Introduction to the content of Common Sense in Literature and Art

The book "Common Sense in Literature and Art" is sincerely dedicated to radio and television directors, film and television production management, drama, film and television literature, and those applying for art colleges. A pre-exam reference book for candidates majoring in cultural industry management, cultural and arts management, film and television, photography, videography, lighting, digital media arts, radio and television journalism, directing, international cultural exchange, etc. Based on the urgent needs of candidates for this kind of reading material over the years, all the editors and creators worked together to compile and organize this book for candidates. It includes: basic knowledge of literature and art, film, television, literature, drama, opera, art, dance, music and other knowledge, etc., and an overview of the specific contents of hundreds of items.

The author believes that the education method of higher art colleges should start from the entrance examination stage. Whether "Literary Knowledge" is used as a pre-exam reference for literary knowledge or for the dissemination and application of literary knowledge, this part of functional education and service work will help deepen educational reform and expand subject development. In fact, there are many reference books similar to "encyclopedias", including reading materials for primary and secondary school students, but they cannot meet the needs of art college candidates for concentrated reading, review and rapid knowledge replenishment.

In the writing process of "Literary Knowledge", the author referred to a large number of relevant reference books. From the selection of items to the writing of content, he tried his best to take into account the basic and broad knowledge candidates learned in middle school. It provides candidates with moderate pre-exam knowledge preparation, so that candidates can have a relatively concentrated study and supplement in the field of literary and artistic knowledge. This book also differs from related reference books in the determination of the names of some items and the preparation of content. For example, the writing method combines representative figures and representative works in the film, literature and art sections, making the length more condensed and more practical. For the writing of conceptual item content, based on the evolution of social development and literary and artistic concepts in the past 20 years, newer theoretical perspectives should be injected as much as possible, and efforts should be made to demonstrate the modern theoretical connotation and significance of the item content.

6. Literary common sense about drama

Literary common sense about drama Definition and characteristics Drama is an art in which actors play roles and perform storylines in public on the stage.

Drama is a comprehensive stage art. It uses literature, music, dance, art and other artistic means to shape the image of stage art, reveal social contradictions and reflect real life. It is a type of literary genre.

Drama is inseparable from dramatic conflict, which is manifested in the conflict of characters' personalities and is specifically expressed as a series of actions. The basic element of drama is conflict. Representing social struggle life through specific stage images can arouse strong emotional responses from the audience and achieve the purpose of social education.

Drama is an art performed by actors on the stage, so it must be restricted by the stage and suitable for the needs of the performance. This determines some of its characteristics: first, it is a more typical and concentrated expression of the conflicts and struggles of social life.

Second, the time and place where the storyline takes place are often concentrated, and the number of characters on the stage is also limited. Third, the character's personality and storyline are mainly expressed through the characters' language.

Fourth, the development of the storyline is often divided into acts and scenes. 2. Several nouns and terms. Several major elements of drama: including stage instructions, dramatic conflicts, character lines, etc. Dramatic language includes lines (character language) and stage instructions.

1. Conflict: It is a manifestation of contradictory struggle. It mainly expresses the conflicts between advanced and backward, progressive and conservative, etc. through conflicts between people.

Drama conflicts should be stronger, more typical, more concentrated, and more dramatic than conflicts in life. 2. Lines: It is the language of the characters in the play.

It is character-based and full of action, that is, the character's language is linked to his actions. The expressions of lines include: dialogue, monologue, narration (the character on the stage leaves other characters and speaks to the audience), narration (speaking in the background), and subtext (that is, what is said in the words, what is intended, and what is meant behind the lines. < /p>

It is actually the polysemous phenomenon of language) and so on. 3. Act and scene: The curtain is the opening of the stage curtain once, and the scene is a relatively complete paragraph of the drama.

The scene is the opening of two curtains on the stage. It is a smaller passage in the drama. 4. Stage instructions: These are relevant instructions that help the director and actors grasp the plot and provide some attention points for the performance.

The content of the description includes time, place, characters, scenery, the movements and expressions of the characters, the entrance and exit of the characters, the "effect", and the opening. , closing, etc. 3. Classification of dramas: 1) According to the form of expression: drama (such as "Thunderstorm"), opera (such as "The White-Haired Girl"), dance drama (such as "Flowers on the Silk Road"), pantomime, etc.; 2) According to the traditional and simplified plots and structure: one-act drama, multi-act drama (such as "Thunderstorm"); 3) according to the era reflected by the subject matter: historical drama (such as "Qu Yuan"), modern drama (such as "Thunderstorm"); 4) according to the nature of conflicts Divided into: tragedy (such as "Qu Yuan"), comedy (such as "The Merchant of Venice"), drama (such as "The White-Haired Girl") 5) Divided according to the performance occasion: stage drama, radio drama, TV series, etc.

Knowledge about drama literature Drama literature refers to various specific styles of scripts. Unlike other literary works, the purpose of creating a play is not primarily to be read, but to be performed.

Great dramatists like Guan Hanqing and Shakespeare spent their whole lives writing dozens of plays, and this is all true. Therefore, the rules of writing scripts must be restricted by the rules of stage art.

The characteristics of dramatic literature are: first, it should reflect life concisely, use strong dramatic conflicts to highly concentrate characters, time, and scenes in the limited space and time of the stage, making the small world of the stage , try to accommodate the vast world of the human world, condense the intricate real life, and artistically reproduce it on the stage with shorter length, fewer characters, simpler scenes, and simpler events. Second, the language in the script, mainly the character language (lines), must be personalized, a character with a certain character, language that comes from the heart and is spoken by the mouth.

Let the audience see the confrontation between characters through dialogue, create a sense of action, and thus show the plot. Third, there must be concentrated conflict.

Only conflict can promote the development of the plot. Without concentrated conflict, there is no drama. Dramatic literature is not a narrative form like a novel, but a representational form. Only by allowing characters to appear and speak in their own way can the character opposition and conflicts be formed, and only then can there be "drama".

Fourth, the structural layout of the script must be cleverly arranged to make the development and ending of the plot very clever, even fascinating and unpredictable, and enhance the dramatic effect. The classification of dramatic literature is diverse.

According to the nature of the content, there are tragedies, comedies and dramas (tragicomedy); from the expression techniques, there are dramas, operas, dance dramas, musicals and poetic dramas; from the structural form, there are one-act plays and multi-act plays. Act dramas are classified in terms of subject matter, including historical dramas, modern dramas, fairy tale dramas, etc. Drama, Opera, and Dance Drama Drama literature is classified according to art form and expression techniques, including drama, opera, and dance drama.

The characteristic of drama is that dialogue is the main means of expression. The dialogue must be standardized literary language, easy to understand, easy for the audience to accept, and suitable for reflecting life.

Opera is a dramatic form that combines vocal music and instrumental music, so it is also called a musical drama. Some operas have only singing, without monologue or dialogue, while others have all three.

The lyrics and music of an opera are very important, and the language of the lyrics should be the language of poetry. Dance drama is a dramatic art that combines dance, music and drama.

Its characteristics are: the development of the plot and the shaping of the characters are mainly expressed by the actors' dance movements (and music language). The dance in the play is divided into two types: plot dance and performance dance: plot dance is used to express the plot of the drama, and performance dance is used to depict the characteristics of the era and environment in which the plot takes place. Act drama and multi-act drama are based on the structural form and capacity of the drama. Divided into one-act plays and multi-act plays.

A one-act play is a short play that consists of one act. Since the display plot is subject to strict time, scene, etc. restrictions, the structure is required to be compact, and the conflicts unfold relatively quickly, but the basic parts of the plot - the beginning, development, climax, and ending should all be shown.

A multi-act play is a large-scale drama. It has a large capacity and a complex storyline.

Because it is divided into acts and scenes, it can express time intervals and spatial shifts by changing acts, so events that are difficult to perform on the stage can be represented.