Representatives of the Viennese classical music school: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven.

1. Haydn

Franz Joseph Haydn (March 31, 1732 - May 31, 1809), a famous Austrian composer, Vienna classical music The earliest representative of the faction. He created a large number of works in difficult circumstances and became the leading musician of his time. After two trips to London, he wrote twelve "London Symphonies", which were the best works in his life and became famous throughout Europe.

His creations cover a wide range of areas, among which symphonies and string quartets are the most outstanding. He fixed the symphony into the form of four movements and formed a complete symphony orchestra arrangement based on instrumentation, laying the foundation for the development of modern symphony. He often used the "principle of theme utilization" in the development of music, which directly inspired Beethoven's "motive development" inspiration. Haydn is also the author of the current German national anthem.

2. Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (January 27, 1756 - December 5, 1791), Austrian composer Mozart , is not only an outstanding master of classical music, but also an extremely rare musical genius in human history. He is known as the "Music Prodigy" and the "Christ of Music."

He is one of the representatives of the Vienna Classical School. As a model of classical music, he played a huge role in the development of European music. His works even foreshadowed the advent of the Romantic music period.

His short life left an extremely precious and rich musical legacy to the world, including 22 operas, 41 symphonies, 42 concertos, a requiem, sonatas, chamber music, and religious music. and songs. Based on early classical composers such as Haydn, Mozart developed the piano concerto genre to an unprecedented peak.

He composed 29 piano concertos plus three piano concertos in K.107. He also made outstanding contributions to the development of European instrumental concertos. In Mozart's music, his operas enriched the form of German opera and promoted the development of other forms. In his opera creation, his joy, sadness and various impulses of his personality are more comprehensively reflected.

He was also the first musician in the turbulent movement to enter Romanticism. He greatly expanded the expressive power of music and also made outstanding contributions to minor music.

3. Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven (December 16, 1770 - March 26, 1827), the great German composer, One of the representatives of the Viennese classical music school, he played a decisive role in the development of world music and was revered as the "Music Saint".

Born from a civilian family in Bonn, Germany, the family is a family of singers in the court of the Elector of Cologne. He studied music from his father since he was a child, and his musical talent was revealed very early. He began performing on stage at the age of eight. In 1792, he went to Vienna, the capital of music, for further study and made rapid progress in his art.

He believed in peace and advocating heroes, and created a large number of outstanding works full of the flavor of the times, such as the symphonies "Hero" and "Destiny"; the overture "Egmont"; and the piano piece "Pathetique" , "Moonlight", "The Tempest", "Passion" and so on.

He combined the culmination of classical music and at the same time opened up the path for music in the romantic period. He played a decisive role in the development of world music and was revered as the "Sage of Music" by future generations. One of Germany's greatest musicians. One of the representatives of the Viennese classical music school, and also the last one. Together with Haydn and Mozart, he is known as the "Three Masters of Vienna" by later generations. Extended information

The main characteristics of the Vienna Classical School are:

(1) In terms of musical content, the music works were influenced by the Enlightenment Movement and the Turbulence Movement at that time. The theme is to eulogize the human spirit and reflect the beauty of nature.

(2) In terms of musical texture, the dominant position of the main musical form is established, the harmonic texture is clear, and the musical form structure is clear.

(3) In terms of music genres, genres such as symphonies, quartets, concertos, and sonatas were established to make them more complete and standardized.

(4) Inheriting the German and Austrian musical cultural traditions, with strong artistic appeal and superb composition techniques, classical music reached its peak and had a profound impact on later generations of music.

Baidu Encyclopedia—Vienna Classical Music School