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Adelaide

Adelaide is a beautiful city located on the southern edge of the Australian continent. It is also the capital of South Australia and the gateway from the eastern states of Australia to Central Australia. Transportation center of the west. Originally colonized by the British in 1836, elegant Victorian and Edwardian buildings and colonial-era houses can still be seen in the city. It is still intact today, even the building's verandahs and ironwork.

Basic information

Chinese name

Adelaide

Foreign name

Adelaide

Administrative Region Category

City

Region

South Australia, Australia

Geographical Location

Australia East coast of the Gulf of St. Vincent in the southern part of the mainland

Area

2,000 square kilometers

Population

1.124 million (2004)

Dialect

English

Climate conditions

Mediterranean climate

Famous attractions

Adelaide Casino, Adelaide Celebration Center

Airport

Adelaide Airport

Contents

1 Overview

2 Geographical location

3 Natural climate

4 Tourist attractions

5 Travel guide

6 History and culture

7 Political Economy

8 Related Information

Overview

Australia

The capital and port of South Australia (Adelaide). It is located on the coastal plain between Mount Lofty Mountains and the Gulf of St. Vincent in the southeastern part of the state. The Torrens River runs through the city. The port is 12 kilometers northwest of the city and connected by railway. The population is 1.2021 million (2008), accounting for more than 72% of the state's population, with a growth rate of 1.3. It was founded in 1836. It is the state administrative, economic, transportation and cultural center. The railway connects important cities on the east and west coasts of the mainland and connects to Alice Springs in the north. It is the southern port station of the transcontinental railway. There are wheat, barley and grape growing areas nearby, as well as a developed dairy farming industry. It is the trading center and important export port for agricultural and livestock products in this state. The industry is developed, mainly automobile manufacturing, metal processing, chemical industry, machinery, electrical equipment, textiles, food processing, etc. The museum has a rich collection of Australian ethnographic materials. Great place to visit in winter.

Adelaide is the fifth largest city in Australia. It was first colonized by the British in 1836. Became the first free colony in Australia. This is a quiet, beautiful, slightly rural city, but without losing the modern and artistic atmosphere. It should be said that Acheng is one of the cities that has developed rapidly in Australia in recent years. It is famous for its art and wine. In addition, South Australia is extremely rich in mineral resources, which adds infinite charm to Acheng. In recent years, investments from various countries have continued to pour in, bringing vitality and vitality to the city. Adelaide is a very young city, with settlements first established in 1836. In the early years, the city developed on the basis of a distribution center for agricultural and livestock products, and gradually established a processing industry. In the late 1940s, the port expanded due to the development of the lifting industry due to the mining of the nearby Middlebuck Mountains iron ore and Lee Creek coal mines. The difference from other cities is that this was not a prison penal colony, but an out-and-out immigrant city. Most of the early immigrants were Anglo-Saxons, and after the war Asians began to move in. Elegant Victorian and Edwardian buildings and colonial-era houses can be seen in the city. It is still intact today, even the building's verandahs and ironwork. [1]

Geographical location

Adelaide is located on the coastal plain, with the Gulf of St. Vincent to the west and the Adelaide Hills to the east. Hills).

The entire city is located on the banks of the Malos River, with the beautiful Novty Mountains behind it. The urban streets are neat and spacious, and the entire urban area looks like a sloping figure-8 when viewed from a high altitude. The urban area is divided into North and South districts by North Terrace, which runs east to west. North Adelaide and the North district are mostly quiet and beautiful residential areas. A long parkland covering approximately 689 hectares surrounds the city and separates Adelaide from the growing suburbs. The southern district of Adelaide (Adelaide/city) is mostly a commercial area. Another important trunk line is King William Rd., which runs from north to south. The intersection of these two major thoroughfares is the heart and soul of Adelaide. Port Adelaide is 11 kilometers from the city centre.

Adelaide has a city area of ??2,000 square kilometers, about half of Sydney. The population is approximately 1,172,105, of which 85 are Europeans and Americans, 1 are Asian, and 14 are other races.

Before the arrival of Europeans, Adelaide was mainly bush land with some swamps on the seaside. But most of the past vegetation no longer exists, and can only be seen in some nature reserves. Many streams and rivers flow through Adelaide, the largest of which is the Torrens River. Adelaide's water comes from many surrounding water reserves.

Natural climate

Adelaide has a Mediterranean climate, with wet and cold winters and dry and hot summers. The weather is quite warm day and night in spring and autumn. The average maximum temperature in summer is about 28 degrees Celsius (but the temperature in inland areas can be as high as 40 degrees Celsius), while in winter the temperature drops to about 28 degrees Celsius. 15 degrees Celsius. You can usually wear cool casual clothes, but the temperature difference between day and night is large, so you need to wear an extra coat. The climate here is not very friendly. Summers here are hot and dry, with temperatures reaching 40 degrees Celsius, while winters are cold and humid, with temperatures as low as around zero degrees. There is almost no snow all year round. The annual average temperature is 17.1℃, the average temperature in the hottest month (February) is 23℃, and the average temperature in the coldest month (July) is 11.1℃. The average annual precipitation is 528 mm. Coming to Adelaide is definitely a good choice, but it’s best not to visit in midsummer or severe winter. The extreme climate here may not bring you any happy memories. Therefore, if you are going to live here for a long time, you must prepare a lot of clothes and be mentally prepared.

Tourist Attractions

Adelaide is a tourist destination. The city’s planning and structure are very centralized. Tourists can visit it on foot, which is very convenient. In addition, there are many tourist attractions in the city. Well-preserved old buildings, and the entire city center is surrounded by parkland, making it a very attractive city. Surrounding Adelaide are countless famous wineries, producing Australia's most famous wines. In addition, the Adelaide Hills located near Adelaide are the best overlooks for Adelaide. There are also some towns of great historical value in this area. , including the German town. Not far from Adelaide, there is Kangaroo Island (Kangaroo Island), which is famous for its rich native Australian animals and plants. The island has secluded beaches, rugged coastline, wildlife and natural trails. In addition, there are many sunken ships offshore, and divers can also explore the water. Visitors can take the ferry from Glenelg. In addition, it is also a famous wine country. Most of Australia's exported wines are produced in the suburbs of Adelaide. The internationally renowned and popular winery areas include: Barossa Valley, Claire Valley and Adelaide Hills. Not far from Adelaide.

Important attractions in the city

The Central Market (Central Market) was built in 1870 and is the largest market in the southern hemisphere. It is full of historical significance and has a variety of small shops selling food including Fresh vegetables, fruits, fish, meat, poultry, and unique dried fruits and coffee beans. There are also a variety of Chinese-style shops, various stalls and entertainment venues here. Victoria Square is located in the city center and has a modern fountain designed by a sculptor born in Adelaide. From around the square, you can overlook Adelaide's old and new era buildings at the same time, including the modern South Australian Government Building and St. Francis Xavier's Cathedral (St. Francis Cathedral) and the Supreme Court. The South Australian Museum (the South Australian Museum) is a natural and cultural history museum that mainly exhibits South Australia’s ancient and modern flora and fauna and the Pacific Islands and living customs of various ethnic groups. Among them, the exhibits related to anthropology, natural history and geology are the most abundant. , the museum with the largest collection of Australian Aboriginal objects in the world, as well as ethnographic materials on early Pacific cultures.

Important attractions in the suburbs

Coober Pedy is the oldest and largest opal (opal, also known as "Australian gem") mining town in South Australia. The place with the most opal shops and the greatest variety of opals in the world. Another world-famous fact is that local houses, churches, and opal mining factories are all built underground to escape the hot climate here.

Casino

The Adelaide Casino is located above the North Avenue Station. In addition to providing a full range of gambling facilities, there are also three bars and two restaurants. It is the center of Adelaide's nightlife. You must be neatly dressed to enter the casino from Friday to Sunday. On weekdays, you can wear sneakers, but you are still not allowed to wear T-shirts, which shows the grandeur of this casino. On weekends and holidays, the casino is open 24 hours a day, and on weekdays it is open from 10 p.m. At four o'clock in the morning, it is the only night entertainment in Adelaide, which has no nightlife at all.

Festival Center

The Adelaide Festival Center (Festival Center) is a building with a tall white roof and is known as the Sydney Opera House in Adelaide. There are concert halls, drama halls, space theaters, small hotels and restaurants, etc. Staff are available to guide visitors around the celebration center on weekdays and Saturdays. In the basement of the Festival Center is the South Australian Theater Museum, which introduces various performing arts and their evolution. The Adelaide Celebration Center is close to the beautiful Lake Torrens. Visitors can take a two-person pedal boat on the Torrens River or take a cruise on the "Abbott" yacht, which takes about half an hour. In addition, there is an international market on the second Sunday of March every year in the square on the north side of the Adelaide Celebration Center. It is very lively with many vendors of clothing, daily necessities, handicrafts, snacks, etc. It is recommended that if you happen to come across it, go inside without visiting and experience the unique style of the Australian market.

South Australian Museum

The South Australian Museum is a museum that introduces nature, history and culture. Through the floor-to-ceiling glass walls, you can clearly see a huge exhibition hall. The whale skeleton is very spectacular and is the most obvious feature of the museum. The exhibits in the museum mostly focus on the introduction of anthropology, geology and natural history, the handicrafts of the Aboriginal people of Australia and Oceania, etc. There are also exhibitions and introductions about the Dreamtime legends of the Australian Aboriginals.

Cultural Center

Tandanya Aboriginal Cultural Center (Tandanya) is the first comprehensive arts center for Aboriginal residents in Adelaide. It has art galleries and handicraft workshops. , souvenir shop, performance and exhibition venue. In addition to learning about and appreciating Aboriginal culture, visitors can go shopping in nearby specialty retail stores, or enjoy authentic Australian cuisine in coffee shops and restaurants.

History and Culture Time Trail Folding

The Adelaide Municipal Government has built seven time trails in the city. Each trail introduces a different unique history of Adelaide. and cultural background. It is very suitable for the whole family to relax and increase their knowledge while enjoying the city scenery.

Travel Guide

Food

Food Street

Adelaide has many famous food streets. It is recommended that you go to O'Connell Street and Gouger streets, as well as Norwood Parade and Rundle Street East. There are endless snacks and delicacies there.

Henley Square

If you want to enjoy a leisurely dinner with a sea view, try going to Henley Square (the Oscar-winning movie "The Shining Beauty" was filmed here! ) or Glenelg, choose a cafe or restaurant. If you want to enjoy your meal, you can also go to restaurants such as Ayers House, Jarmers, Alphutte, etc. The diverse food choices will leave gourmets speechless. Also worth mentioning is The Grange, which has not only won Remy Martin, Gourmet Traveller, and Restaurant of the Year Awards, but is also owned by a well-known local restaurant. Overseas Chinese chef Cheong Liew is in charge.

Adelaide is proud to offer many of the finer things in life, from fine restaurants to a range of fine wines. Must-try local delicacies such as eucalyptus-smoked kangaroo meat , tuna, salmon, whiting, New Zealand snapper, shark, billfish, rock lobster, abalone, oysters and crayfish. Hindley Street in the city is the center of various restaurants. There are Chinese, Italian and Lebanese restaurants here, as well as several clubs and bars. The most comfortable thing about eating in Adelaide is that you can dine outdoors to your heart's content. Since the weather is dry and rainless, you don't have to worry about it suddenly raining.

Barossa Gorge

In Adelaide, tourists can enjoy many delicious foods. Although the number of restaurants is not as many as in Sydney and Melbourne. But in terms of quality and service, it is not inferior, and the quality of its table wine is the best in Australia. From Adelaide you can be in the heart of the vineyards in less than an hour. The Barossa Gorge in northern Adelaide is one of the famous tourist spots. Since the 1840s, generations of winemakers have produced some of Australia's finest wines

To this day, major brewers still call it home. There are also delicious restaurants, historic country inns and hotels. You can chat with the wine shop owner here. Enjoy some of Adelaide's finest wines. Most wineries are open every day, with February to March being their busiest harvest season. Many wineries also arrange tours of vineyards and historic buildings.

Specialties

When you come to Adelaide, remember to try Two Dogs Limoncello. This is the first lemon alcoholic drink in the world. It was invented because a resident had too many lemons at that time. It was later bought by the French company Pernod Ricard. In addition, we also want to try the black drink. Haigh's Chocolates is the only chocolate factory in Australia that still imports cocoa beans and uses roasting methods to control the taste and texture, producing a variety of different flavors of chocolate. It definitely has a different flavor than regular chocolate.

Shopping

It all starts at Randall’s Arcade, Adelaide’s city center shopping precinct.

It is a very lively shopping mall where you can enjoy a cup of coffee or browse various interesting shops. You can also buy clothing, footwear and gifts designed by Australian designers here. There are also major Adelaide wholesale stores such as David Jones, Mel's, John Martin and Henry Scarfe. The new Mel Center is filled with specialty shops. The famous historical arched corridors, such as the Adelaide Arched Corridor and the Regent Arched Corridor, have a romantic atmosphere and dense shops. If you want to buy designer fashion, leather goods and antiques, you must not miss Adelaide Arched Corridor. Ryde's Gallerie shopping mall. In addition, in Melbourne Street, North Adelaide and Ellie Road in Ellie District, there are various designer jewelry, rings and antiques. The Parade in Norwood area is a concentrated place for antiques and coffee. The Jam Factory, a craft center and design center at 19 Morpheff Street, has a fine selection of glass, ceramics, metals and furniture, as well as ten craft studios.

Best time to travel

The climate here is not very friendly. Summers here are hot and dry, with temperatures reaching 40 degrees Celsius, while winters are cold and humid, with temperatures as low as The temperature is around freezing and there is almost no snow all year round. The average annual precipitation is 528 mm. Coming to Adelaide is definitely a good choice, but it’s best not to visit in midsummer or severe winter. The extreme climate here may not bring you any happy memories. Therefore, if you are going to live here for a long time, you must prepare a lot of clothes and be mentally prepared.

History and Culture Collapse Edit this paragraph

Historical Development Collapse

The Adelaide area was the residence of the Kaurna Aboriginal people before European colonization. Their name for the area was Tarnda(r)nya, probably derived from tarnda, meaning red kangaroo. Some people still use this name for Adelaide, but it is not the official name. The Kaurna people were stone tool hunter-gatherers who lived in and around the Adelaide Plains. They have a custom of setting wildfires in the Adelaide hills. After European settlement, they began to expel the indigenous people. By 1852 there were only 650 Aboriginal residents left in Adelaide, and their numbers were still decreasing. In winter they move into the Adelaide Hills because there is more shelter and wood.

Adelaide is the name of King William IV and Queen of England. At that time, Governor John Hindmarsh ordered William Wright to build a city near the mouth of the Murray River. The people in power hoped that this river would open up the Australian continent like the Mississippi opened the North American continent. After examining the often silt-filled mouth of the Murray River and the dangerous coastline nearby, William Wright decided to build the new city about 60 miles (96 kilometers) away on the inland plains as far north as Gulf St. Vincent. This action angered Governor Hindmarsh and caused a heated argument between the two men and their supporters. The city was conceived and built in 1836, and the designer was Colonel William Wright. In 1839, William Wright died. On his deathbed, he wrote this passage: "I do not expect to be widely understood and calmly judged now about the reasons for building Adelaide here. I should Whether he is praised or condemned, future generations will be able to judge.” The history of stable and sustained prosperity confirms that Wright made the right choice. Grateful citizens erected a bronze statue of him on Montefiore Hill, where he gazed upon the plain below and identified it as the site of its construction. The hill was originally a grassy knoll in North Adelaide, just above the Adelaide Cricket Ground. This is an ideal place to get to know the city, from which you can see the urban public land surrounding the inner city, the two spiers of the magnificent St. Peter's Basilica, the elegant Torrens River and the Aerial silhouette of neat city tall buildings. This view is known as "Wright's View."

When the lights flicker at dusk, standing in Wright's field of vision, it is easy to understand Wright's ideas. Although he failed to create Utopia, he at least saw where to realize it.

In 1853, with the opening of the Murray River, Adelaide began interstate transactions with other Australian states

. In 1856, the British Parliament passed a new constitution and South Australia became an autonomous British colony. The system of citizen suffrage was introduced at this time. On March 9, 1857, when voters elected a bicameral parliament, South Australia's population was 109,917. In 1860, a water source reserve was opened in the city. It became the water source for the Adelaide region and replaced the turbid Dorrens River. In 1867, the South Australian government introduced natural gas street lights. In 1874, the University of Adelaide was built in the city. In 1881, the South Australian State Gallery opened. In the 1890s, Australia was hit by a series of economic depressions, ending a period of economic growth and soaring land prices. Many financial institutions and banks in Melbourne and Sydney collapsed one after another, while the national birth rate plummeted and immigration almost stopped. At that time, South Australia's exports had also almost halved. Beginning in 1884, drought and poor harvests exacerbated the problem. Some families migrated to Western Australia. Fortunately, the economic downturn in Adelaide itself was not as great as in Melbourne or Sydney, as the South Australian government's silver and lead discoveries at Broken Hill softened the blow. Adelaide has only posted a deficit in one year during the period, and wine and copper exports are two of the city's growing industries. Diversified development

Adelaide began to use electric lighting in 1900, and trams began to be used in the capital city in 1909. During World War I, Adelaide recruited 28,000 soldiers. After the war, the city's economy developed greatly, but drought and the Great Depression of the 1930s hit Adelaide again. Under the leadership of a strong government, Adelaide was able to escape the depression. In order to get rid of the reliance on the primary industry, the city began to develop the secondary industry. In 1933, South Australia *** had 580,949 residents, and the number of residents increased at a slower rate than other Australian states. The Second World War brought a new stimulus to Adelaide's industry. Adelaide's industries began to diversify. Adelaide is growing rapidly as a rear security production site. During World War II, 70,000 Adelaide men were recruited. The nearby Whyalla shipyard is expanding.

After the war, the South Australian state government developed on the basis of wartime industry. Multinational corporations such as General Motors and Chrysler used wartime factories as production sites to help Adelaide change from an agricultural service center to a new 20th-century city. A water main was built in 1954 to carry water from the Murray River from Mae Nang to Adelaide, and the airport at West Beach opened in 1955. From 1947 to 1973, 215,000 people from different countries immigrated to South Australia. In 1970, the state government began a "cultural revitalization" policy. The government carried out a series of social reforms and transformed Adelaide into an arts center. From 1985 to 1996 the Australian Grand Prix was held in Adelaide. The collapse of the State Bank of South Australia in 1992 plunged the entire state and Adelaide's economies into depression, the effects of which are still felt today. Today the V8 International Super Touring Car race is held on the old Grand Prix track, and the economy has also recovered.

Culture Collapse

Adelaide is sometimes called the "City of Churches", but this is more in line with its past than its present day. Legend has it that for every new church built in Adelaide there was also a new hotel built for the less pious. From the beginning, Adelaide has attracted immigrants from many countries, especially immigrants from Germany who were persecuted for their religious beliefs. They brought the technology of growing grapes and making wine. After World War II Italians, Greeks, Dutch, Poles and other European immigrants immigrated to Adelaide. Many Asians came to Adelaide after the Vietnam War. These new immigrants brought with them a rich and diverse food culture.

Adelaide prospered in 1970 after the government abolished some of the restrictions on cultural life then pursued in Australia.

Today there are several music and art festivals taking place in the city.

The Royal Adelaide Fair began in 1840 as a simple gathering of local farmers to display their products. Today it has grown into a regular business expo, held every year in early September.

Some Adelaide musicians have achieved Australian and international fame.

Media

News Corporation dominates Adelaide's newspaper industry. All five Australian television stations can be received in Adelaide. There is also a regional television station in the city.

Sports

The Australian Grand Prix was held in Adelaide from 1985 to 1995. After the Grand Prix moved to Melbourne, the V8 Clipsal International Super Touring Car Race was held on the renovated track of the original Grand Prix. Adelaide has two Australian rules football teams participating in the Australian League, the Adelaide Eagles and Port Adelaide. South Australia also has a regional league involving nine Australian rules football teams. Adelaide United is currently one of the eight teams in Australia's A-League. Chinese player Qu Shengqing has played for it for two seasons and has performed well. Two Adelaide basketball teams compete at national level. Adelaide also hosts international hockey competitions. The bicycle race, which has been held since 1999, has also become increasingly famous internationally.