dvorak was one of the greatest composers in the Czech Republic in the 19th century and the main representative of the Czech national music school.

dvorak was born on September 8th, 1841 in a poor family in the suburb of Prague, the capital of Czech Republic. His childhood was accompanied by hard work. At the age of thirteen, he followed his father's footsteps and became an apprentice butcher. However, dvorak, a teenager, is very motivated. He studied hard by himself and gradually showed his musical talent. He first studied violin with musicians in his village and entered Prague Organ School at the age of sixteen. This music school is the cradle of his becoming a musician. In 1859, dvorak graduated with honors from Prague Organ School. Since then, he has worked as a viola teacher in the Czech National Theatre. During this period, he extensively absorbed all kinds of music knowledge and skills, made great efforts to learn the creative experience of western European classical and romantic composers, and embarked on his own music creation path. He is a musician who has a strong sense of nationality and loves the national art of the motherland. He sincerely appreciates and supports the national music culture initiated and devoted to the development by Smetana, the great founder of Czech national music school. Under the influence of Czech national independence movement, he made great contributions to the development of national music.

As a composer, as early as 1859, 18-year-old dvorak published his own works. In 1865, his first symphony "The Bell of Zlonis" came out, and since then, he has started his continuous music creation. In 1878, his Slavic Dance was a great success, which established his position as a composer. In 1892, dvorak came to the United States and became the dean of Prague Conservatory of Music. At that time, dvorak was 6 years old.

in his life's music creation, dvorak always put the nationality as an important factor in the first place. No matter in opera, symphony or chamber music works, he tried to closely combine nationality, lyricism and European classical music traditions to achieve the perfect situation as possible. During his teaching in the United States, he composed the famous String Quartet in F major and his brilliant masterpiece, The New World Symphony, based on African American music.

dvorak wrote many works in his life, with a wide range of genres. He wrote twelve operas, eleven dramas and oratorios, nine symphonies, five symphonies, six concertos and thirty-two chamber music ensembles, in addition to a large number of works such as piano music, violin music, overtures and songs. Among them, the most famous are: Symphony No.9 in E minor (New World), Cello Concerto in B minor, Carnival Overture, String Ensemble in F major, the opera The Water Fairy, The King and the Coal Worker and so on.

On May 1st, 194, dvorak died of a stroke in Prague at the age of 63.

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Musician's journey

dvorak, the struggle of a successful man

One of the most famous composers in Europe came to new york Conservatory of Music as a teacher. He gave the United States his richest musical talent, and the United States responded with its best. He is the Bohemian dvorak. His life reads like a story book about the struggle for success. He was born in 1841 in Milgauzen, a small Bohemian village, where his father worked as an inn owner and a butcher.

his own hobby is selling and helping to support his family. But he wants to be a musician. The folk music of his country and nation has become a part of his blood-like body. Farmers not only sing when they work, they often start singing and dancing after Sunday prayers, and continue to do so until the next morning. There are more than forty kinds of Bohemian folk dances there.

There are music classes in Bohemian schools, so Dehoushak learned to sing, play the organ, piano and violin at the age of fourteen. At this time, he joined the village orchestra that played for the wedding on holidays. His father still mobilized him to give up music. In an effort to persuade his father to change his mind, Anthony composed a polka for the village wind band. But he didn't know that the trumpet was a transposed instrument (that is, an instrument that was played in a different tune from the tune written on the score), so the polka dance was a sad failure, so he went into the inn and meat shop.

He was so unhappy that at the end of the year, his father asked him to leave there to study in a piano school in Prague. He has no money to support himself. He had to go to church every Sunday and play in an orchestra in a hotel at ordinary times. He learned how to use different musical instruments and how to make their sounds blend together. Apart from church music and poor pop tunes in restaurants, he has little chance to listen to other music. Sometimes he coaxed a timpani player of a symphony orchestra to curl up behind a drum and listen to a concert. Once he had a chance to listen to "Free Shooter" for four cents, but he didn't even have four cents. The organ school is a moldy and dusty place, and nothing is taught except music theory and some rules. He can't afford the music of any great works, and there isn't any library he can use. When he graduated at the age of twenty, he still knew little about Beethoven's symphonies.

better days have arrived. In little Bohemia, just like in those big countries, there is also a national music movement, and its leader is Smetana, the composer of the cheerful opera "Bride Betrayed", which is still popular today. He was the conductor of the National Opera House, so dvorak got a place in that orchestra. Smetana was very kind to him, lending him all the scores of great masterpieces and encouraging him to compose music.

dvorak composed operas, symphonies and various kinds of music for ten years. But because he didn't think they were good enough, he scattered them all. His courage and patience were rewarded one by one. After rewriting it three times, one of his operas was a success. By the time he arrived in America, he was already famous all over the world as a composer of those wonderful Slavic dances. He also received an honorary degree in his own country.

dvorak and the United States

dvorak, who once loved the ancient folk dance music of his own country, once liked the music of blacks and Indians and stephen foster's simple songs-new folk music during his stay in the United States. Dvorak's Humble Melody is based on the same accompaniment chords of Foster's Family in the Hometown.

Dehoushak is not as pedantic as the old men in his organ school. He tries to teach the spirit of music besides the rules. He thinks that those young American musicians have gone too far in trying to imitate European music. Dvorak thinks that they should make a kind of folk music for their country from their own rich folk melody treasure. In order to show them that they can do it, he wrote his great symphony "From the New World".

The symphony From the New World is one of the greatest symphonies of all. Dvorak didn't just copy the themes of blacks and Indians. He was inspired by black and Indian music and created his own theme. In the flash of cheerful tunes in the first and third movements, we can even catch a glimpse of American immigrants' energetic Guku dance and chatting while milling rice from time to time. The wonderful "adagio" in the second movement is perhaps the most moving melody in all symphonies, which shows the spirit of black soul songs. And when people sing the lyrics of "homesickness", they often sing it like a soul song.