1. Classical Chinese "The Owl's Cry"

There is a man in the east Wei Bridge who eats in Taoism. In the courtyard of his house there are locust trees, with tall stems and tall leaves, and green leaves. Huai et al. The house is ugly, and the owner only uses locust trees as decoration. It is summer, and the wind is pregnant with it to store the coolness. Although it is a high platform and a big house, it has no moral character. In this case, I also forget the shabbyness of the house.

In the first year of Changqing's reign, I simply went to the sky and rested below it, observing the master's virtue and the meaning of the pagoda tree. In the second year of my stay, I went to Xia Yang, where I had to pay for the locust trees. The house was shabby and the locust trees were used as salary, so I went to another house. When asked why, he said: "A certain person and his neighbor are both eating together. A certain person uses locust trees, which is beneficial to his neighbor. There is a neighbor who is good at making owl calls. Whenever it is dark at night, he often climbs the tree and the owl sounds, and he always leans on the tree. , whether small or large, everyone is awed and frightened, thinking that the ghost is in the locust tree and will come soon. He also secretly told the witch to tell the ghost: "The locust tree is gone, and the owl will not rest." The owner has a mother. Worried about the harm to the mother, she took the shaman's words, and later she also caused sleepiness due to rare guests."

The short saying is: "The false owl's cry will destroy the tree and harm the family, which is worse than the real owl, and it is not. Is it wrong to hear that? However, Qu Ping and Jian'e were not detrimental to Chu. Jin Shang's owl sounded and Sanlu was released; The owner is not very stupid."

There was a man selling food on the roadside in Dongweiqiao. There was a locust tree in the yard of his house, with a tall trunk and spreading branches. The leaves condense a piece of emerald green, which cannot be compared with other locust trees. His house was already very simple, so the owner used the locust tree as a sign. In summer, it nurtured the gentle breeze and stored the shade. Even if it was a big house on a high platform, most people would feel ashamed of themselves. So people who traveled around, walked and took cars, came here. Rest your shoulders and stay here, not caring about the simplicity of the house.

In the first year of Changqing's reign, I had the opportunity to rest under this tree when I left Shan. I saw that the owner was very proud of the locust tree, just like a big house with a high platform. By the second year, when I left Xia Yang, the locust trees had become firewood. The house was simple and simple, and the locust trees became firewood, so they moved into other guest houses. So when asked why it became firewood, the (shopkeeper) said: "He and his neighbor sell food by the roadside. Because of the locust tree, his profit is twice that of his neighbor. There is a neighbor who is good at imitating the hoot of an owl. Every day when it gets dark at night, I climb up the tree and imitate the hoot of an owl. The hoots linger in the trees, louder and softer, and everyone is frightened, thinking that there is a ghost in the locust tree and will come soon (neighbor). ) also secretly bribed a witchcraft person to tell him a prophecy: "If the locust tree is not removed, the harassment of the owl will not stop." The shop owner's mother was suffering from tuberculosis, and he was worried about the harm to his mother, so he listened to the witchcraft person's words. I am embarrassed because there are few guests."

Jian Yan sighed: "The hoot of a fake owl is more harmful to the house than the real owl. Is it the people's fault? But Qu Yuan's integrity is not detrimental to the Chu State. Jin Shang's owl hooting caused Qu Yuan to be exiled; Yang Zhen's grand plans are not detrimental to the Han Dynasty. Yang Zhen committed suicide. The master is not very stupid if he can verify this with the ancients." 2. Ji Chang's Study of Archery in Classical Chinese

"Ji Chang's Study of Archery" comes from "Liezi·Tang Wen". The following is quoted from Baidu Encyclopedia

(Original text) Gan Fei ①, an ancient archer who was good at shooting, used his bow ② and the beasts fell down on the birds. The disciple named Fei Wei③ learned to shoot at Gan Ying, and was more skillful than his master. Ji Chang④ also learned archery from Fei Wei. Fei Wei said: "You first learn without blinking, and then you can shoot."

Ji Chang returned and lay down under his wife's machine ⑤, with his eyes supporting him ⑥. Two years later, although the end of the cone turned back to the canthus, it was not instantaneous. To report Fei Wei. Fei Wei said: "We must learn to look at it before we can see it. Look at small things like big ones, small things like books, and then tell me."

Chang Yi Yak ⑧ hanging lice in the house, looking south. Within ten days, he was baptized; after three years, he was like a wheel. Looking at the rest, they are all hills and mountains. It is shot with the arc of Yanjiao and Shuopeng's 簳⑨, and penetrates the heart of the louse, leaving it hanging. To report Fei Wei.

Fei Wei jumped high and said, "You've got it!"

Ji Chang had already mastered the art of defense and planned to kill Fei Wei, who was the only enemy in the world. When they met in the wild, the two of them exchanged shots. Their arrows hit each other in the middle and fell to the ground without dust. Fei Wei's arrow was poor first, and Ji Chang's arrow was left behind. As soon as it was launched, Fei Wei defended it with the thorn end without missing a beat. So the two sons cried and threw their bows and worshiped Tu, asking him to be father and son. You must restrain your arms and swear an oath, and you must not tell others your tricks.

(Translation) (Section 1) Gan Ying was a man who was good at archery in ancient times. When he drew his bow, the beasts fell down and the birds fell down. One of Gan Ying's disciples, named Fei Wei, learned archery from Gan Ying, but his archery ability surpassed that of his master. Ji Chang also learned archery from Fei Wei. Fei Wei said: "You first learn to see without blinking, and then we can talk about archery." Ji Chang returned home and lay on his back under his wife's loom, watching the weaving with his eyes. Foot pedals on board to practice not blinking. A few years later, even if the sharp awl was stuck in his eye socket, he would not blink an eye.

Ji Chang told Fei Wei about his practice, and Fei Wei said: "This is not enough, you have to learn to see things. You need to practice until you can see small objects as clearly as big things. It is as easy to see small things as significant objects, and then tell me."

Ji Chang tied a louse with the hair of a yak tail and hung it in the window, facing south and looking at it from a distance. Days later, the lice gradually grew in size; a few years later, the lice were as big as a wheel in his eyes. When you look at everything else this way, everything is as big as a hill. Ji Chang used a bow decorated with horns from Yandi and a canopy bamboo produced in the north as an arrow shaft to shoot at the louse hanging in the window. It penetrated the middle of the louse, but the rope did not break. Ji Chang told Fei Wei about his practice. Fei Wei danced happily, patted his chest and said, "You have mastered the secret of archery!"

(Ji Chang told Fei Wei After Fei Wei learned all the skills, he felt that only Fei Wei could rival him, so he planned to get rid of Fei Wei. Finally one day the two men met in the wild. Ji Chang and Fei Wei both shot arrows at each other. The arrows collided in the air and all fell to the ground. Finally, Fei Wei finished shooting, but Ji Chang had the last one left. He shot out. Fei Wei quickly raised the thorn beside him to poke the flying arrow. The arrow was blocked without missing a beat, so the two men threw down their bows and hugged each other, crying. They considered each other father and son, and vowed not to pass on this skill to anyone else. Ji Chang's Study of Archery

Source: "Lieh Zi"

Original text:

Gan Ying, an ancient archer, used his bow to make animals and birds fall under him. His disciple was named Fei. Wei, who learned shooting from Gan Fei, surpassed his teacher. Ji Chang also learned shooting from Fei Wei. Fei Wei said: "You can learn shooting first, and then you can shoot." After two years, he lied down on his wife's back and held his head up, even though his canthus was at the end of his head. It is as small as it is big, and it is as small as a book, and then it tells me."

Changyi Yaxian is in the house, looking to the south, within ten days, it will be big; after three years, it will be like a wheel. . I saw the remaining objects, all of which were hills and mountains. I shot them with the arc of the swallow's horn, and penetrated the heart of the lice. Then I told Fei Wei that he was flying high and said: "You got it." That’s it!”

Translation:

Gan Ying was a man who was good at archery in ancient times. (As long as he) pulled the bow, the wild beasts would fall down and the birds would fall. (His) disciples His name was Fei Wei, and he learned archery from Gan Ying, and later he surpassed his master. Let’s talk about (learning) archery.”

Ji Chang returned home and lay on his back under his wife’s loom, staring at the pedals of the loom. Two years later, even if Even if the tip of the awl touched his eyelid, he wouldn't even blink (he) and told Fei Wei about it.

5. Ji Zhanzi Siyuan classical Chinese reading answers

Read the following classical Chinese text and complete questions (1) ~ (4).

Ying Zhan, whose courtesy name is Siyuan, was born in Nandun, Runan. Zhan Yougu was raised by his grandmother.

When my grandmother died, she was in mourning, and then she stood up with her stick, and then she heard the news of filial piety. The family is rich in wealth, but young and weak, so they invite the clan members to live in the house and entrust them with their assets. They love each other like close relatives, which is different in the world.

It is a school that is simple and elegant in nature, and is known for its academic articles. When Situ Heshao saw him, he said: "You are a gentleman!" When the palace was first established, he sacrificed his life for the prince.

Liu Hong, the general of Zhennan, was asked to be the chief historian and entrusted with military and political affairs. The great achievements of Hannan are due to Zhan's strength.

Du Chou, a thief from Hui Shu, caused trouble and came to attack Zhan County and destroyed it with all his strength. Xun and Tao Kan defeated Du Tao in Changsha. The thieves were full of gold and treasure, but Zhan took nothing but books. Everyone sighed.

Chenren Wang Chong supported all the Jingzhou people, took Zhan Ming's name, and welcomed him as the governor. Zhan Yichong and other scoundrels abandoned him and returned to Nanping, but Chong did not complain.

This is how it is favored. He moved to Yizhou to be the governor and led the army in Badong.

When Zhan left the county, the common people climbed on their carriages and cried, as if they were born out of love. Russia paid homage to the general of the rear army.

Zhan Shangshu Chen Jiangui said: "After the great famine, when the system is reformed, it is appropriate to rectify the constitution by the Yin Sihui. First, Sheng De Yuan Gong can be regarded as the head, and then the saintly world will be transformed than that of Longtang. "Yu Yuandi valued his talents and accepted them deeply.

Jidun rebelled, and Emperor Ming asked Zhan for his plans. Zhan Liran said generously: "Your Majesty should uphold the power of Hess. The ministers should be the vanguard of the war. We rely on the spirit of the ancestral temple to conquer without fighting.

If not, the royal family will be in danger." The thief Congzhu After crossing the river, Zhan and Jianwei general Zhao Yin defeated him.

The thief was defeated and granted the title of Marquis of Guanyang County, with a settlement of 1,600 households. Shangshu Rang said: "Although I serve as a team, my strategy is not subtle, and my hard work is not enough."

No. At that time, Wang Dun was in Xinping, and people were not at ease. Zhan Fu held him in his arms, which made him happy and the people relied on him.

Jidu died in the sixth year of Xianhe at the age of fifty-three. At the beginning, when Wei Hong was in chaos in Beijing, his relatives suffered from famine and epidemic, and they traveled to Luoyang. They heard about Zhan's name and relied on him.

Zhan and Yu share joys and sorrows, love each other like brothers, and recommend him to Emperor Yuan. Since then, he has been at least the minister of government.

After being benefited by Zhan Shengsheng, Zhan died, so he made his friend's clothes, cried to stop the grass, followed the Zhao family to worship Cheng Ying and Chujiu, and offered sacrifices to Zhan throughout his life. "Book of Jin·Biography No. 40" (1) Regarding the interpretation of the underlined words in the following sentences, the incorrect one is ( ) A. Entrust assets, love as close relatives Entrust: entrust.

B. Su was named Zhan and welcomed as the governor. Su: always. C. Zhan Fu Er Huai Zhi Huai: miss.

D. Hong Zhuji Hannan wrote: significantly. (2) Among the following sets of sentences, the one that expresses Ying Zhan's "receiving favor" and "getting favor" respectively is ( ) A. Situ Heshao saw it and said: "A gentleman is like a human being!" / Abandoned and returned to Nanping, Chong I don’t blame him either. B. The Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty valued his talents and deeply accepted them. The common people climbed on the chariot and wept, as if they were in love with him. C. He had heard of Zhan’s name, so he relied on him. Ge Qianqian / Common People Laizhi (3) In the following analysis and summary of the relevant content of the original text, one of the incorrect ones is ( ) A. Ying Zhan is very filial.

His grandmother died, and he was so weak from grief that he had to use crutches to walk. The people in the tribe were not wealthy, so he invited her to live with her at home. B. Wang Chong admired Ying Zhan's reputation and respectfully asked him to serve as the governor of Jingzhou. Ying Zhan thought Wang Chong was a "rogue" and left Jingzhou. Wang Chong did not blame him.

C. Ying Zhan was deeply loved by the people and went to Yizhou to take office. The people pulled the carriage and were reluctant to let him go. After putting down Wang Dun's rebellion, he managed to stabilize people's hearts and won the trust of the people. D. Wei Hong was not a relative of Ying Zhan, but Ying Zhan not only rescued him, shared joys and sorrows with him, but also recommended him in front of Emperor Yuan.

Ying Zhan's righteousness was rewarded, and Wei Hong dedicated his life to him. (4) Translate the underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese.

①A school where things are violated but not violated is called academic articles. Translation: ② When Zhan Zhi left the county, the common people climbed on their carriages and cried, as if they were born in love.

Translation: ③After today’s great famine, the system needs to be reformed and it is appropriate to rectify the constitution. Translation: Answer: (1) C (2) B (3) A (4) ① Even if others are offended, he does not care, and he is praised for his knowledge and articles.

②When Ying Zhan left Nanping County, the scholars and common people pulled the carriage and cried bitterly, as if they were nostalgic for the parents who gave birth to them. ③Now, the turmoil has just ended and it is time for national system reform and creation. We should take advantage of this opportunity to rectify and revise the law.

Analysis: (1) C (appeasement) (2) B (A. He Shao’s words of praise/get favors; C. Wei Hong’s admiration for him/get favors (respect); D .Ying Zhanbiao’s determination/the people’s trust in him) (3) A (“The tribe is not rich” has no basis in the text, and his behavior of helping the tribe cannot be regarded as a kind of filial piety.) (4) See the translation.

Reference translation: Ying Zhan, named Siyuan, was from Nandun, Runan. Ying Zhan's father died when he was very young and he was raised by his grandmother.

My grandmother passed away. During the mourning period, she was too sad and physically weak. She needed a cane to stand up, so she became famous for her filial piety. Ying Zhan's family was very wealthy and he was young, so he invited his tribe members to live together at home and entrusted them with the management of the family property. They were as affectionate as very close relatives, so people in the society valued him particularly.

Ying Zhansheng had a simple and elegant nature. Even if others offended him, he would not care. He was praised for his knowledge and articles. Situ Heshao saw him and said, "This man is really a gentleman!" He began to be recruited by the government to serve as the prince's minister.

Liu Hong, the general of Zhennan, hired him as the chief historian and handed him over to handle all major military and political affairs. Liu Hong's outstanding political achievements in Hannan were mainly due to Ying Zhan.

It happened that Du Chou in Shu region rebelled and came to attack the county where Ying Zhan was located. After a hard battle, he defeated Du Chou's rebels. Buyi, together with Tao Kan, defeated Du Tao in Changsha. Among the rebel supplies captured, there were many gold and silver treasures. Ying Zhan did not take any of them, only some books, and everyone sighed for it.

Wang Chong, a native of Chen, had many soldiers stationed in Jingzhou. He always admired Ying Zhan's reputation and welcomed him as the governor of Jingzhou. Ying Zhan believed that Wang Chong and others had no talent and were useless, so he resigned from his official position and returned to Nanping. Wang Chong did not resent Ying Zhan.

He was so admired. He was promoted to the governor of Yizhou and concurrently served as the supervisor of the Badong army.

When Ying Zhan left Nanping County, the scholars and common people pulled the carriages and cried bitterly, as if they were nostalgic for the parents who gave birth to them. Soon Yingzhan was awarded the title of general of the rear army.

Ying Zhan Shangshu reported on the timely things that are beneficial to the country and said: "Now, the turmoil has just ended, it is the time for the reform and creation of the national system. We should take this opportunity to rectify and revise the laws, and first recommend Those who have noble moral character and... 6. Translation of Yannu in Classical Chinese

Yannu is the smallest of the geese and has a very alert personality. Every time the geese go to bed at night, Yannu is the only one who does not sleep. Keep vigil for them. Sometimes if you hear someone's voice, you will call loudly first, and the geese will fly away with a chaotic sound.

Later, people in the countryside like to set more clever traps, specially designed for this purpose. To deal with the geese slaves, they first found the lakeside area where the geese often inhabited, secretly laid a large net, and dug a hole near the net. When the geese were not around during the day, people hid in the holes with the hemp ropes used to hold the net. When it was almost daybreak, people lit a fire outside the cave. The geese slaves were the first to scream in alarm, and they immediately put out the fire. The wild geese squawked repeatedly, and the wild geese woke up many times. When they woke up, but nothing happened, the wild geese thought that the wild goose was barking without any reason, and took turns pecking at it, attacking it, and then settled down to sleep again. After a while, (people) lit a fire again. , the wild goose slave was afraid that the geese would peck at it again, so he did not dare to call the police.

People did not hear the cry of the goose slaves, so they pulled the rope and set up a net, and they could catch about five out of ten birds.

Taihu Lake, (many) white geese gather. (They) must choose a place to roost at night, lest humans shoot themselves with arrows with silk threads, and assign geese on duty

to patrol around. When someone comes, they bark, so that the geese can close their eyes (sleep). The people around the lake, familiar with their affairs, lit fires to illuminate it. The geese on duty were quacking, and the people at the lakeside immediately lowered (and shaded) the fires. The geese all woke up and looked, but there was nothing. This happened three or four times. The group of geese thought that the goose on duty had deceived them, so they pecked it together. Not long after, the people at the lake came forward with a fire. The geese on duty did not dare to call (anymore). The geese had just fallen asleep, and no one was left out in the net. 7. Classical Chinese Wen Dai Nuo Mu Chicken

"Zhuangzi Dasheng Chapter"

Original text

Ji Chuzi raised fighting cocks for the king. On the tenth day, he asked, "Is the chicken ready?" He said, "Not yet, Fang is weak and depressed and relying on his energy." On the tenth day, he asked again, "Not yet, I still should face the scenery." On the tenth day, he asked again, " At the end of the day, I still looked at him with anger and anger." On the tenth day, he asked again, "How long is it? Otherwise, go away."

Translation

Ji Zhuzi domesticated fighting cocks for King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty. Ten days later, King Xuan of Zhou asked, "Has the chicken been tamed?" Ji Zhuzi replied, "No, he is vain, arrogant and self-reliant." Ten days later, King Xuan of Zhou asked again, and replied, "No, if you hear the sound, you will When he sees a shadow, he jumps." Ten days later, King Xuan of Zhou asked again, and he replied, "It's still so fast and energetic." Another ten days later, King Xuan of Zhou asked, and he replied, "It's almost the same even if the other chickens crow." , it has not changed much, it looks like a wooden chicken, its virtue is really complete, no other chicken dared to challenge it, so it turned around and ran away."

There was a Ji. The husband raises chickens for King Qi. These chickens are not ordinary old hens, but fighting cocks that need to be trained to participate in competitions.

Mr. Ji had only raised them for 10 days. King Qi asked impatiently: "Are they ready?"

Mr. Ji replied: "They are not ready yet. Now these chickens are ready." He is still very proud and extremely arrogant."

Ten days later, King Qi came to ask again, and Mr. Ji replied: "Not yet. As soon as they heard the sound and saw the figure shaking, He became alarmed."

After another 10 days, King Qi came again. Of course, he was still concerned about his cockfighting. Mr. Ji said, "No, he is still sharp-eyed and domineering."

Ten days later, King Qi had given up hope and came to see his cockfight. Unexpectedly, Mr. Ji said this time: "It's almost enough. Although the chicken crows sometimes, it doesn't panic anymore. It looks like a chicken made of wood. It's mentally ready. No other chickens dare to come." The only way to face the challenge is to flee." 8. The original text and translation of "Qiang Xiang Ling" in classical Chinese

Author of "Qiang Xiang Ling": Dong Xuan Original text: Chen Liu Dong Xuan was the Luoyang Order.

The old princess of Huyang killed people in the daytime. Because she hid her master's family, the officials could not get her. When the master travels, he rides on a slave.

Announced to the Marquis of Xiamen Pavilion, he stopped his carriage and knelt on his horse, drew the ground with his knife, spoke loudly of the master's losses, ordered his slaves to get out of the car, and killed them accordingly. The Lord immediately returned to the palace to sue the emperor.

The emperor was furious, summoned Xuan, and wanted to beat him to death. Xuan kowtowed and said, "I would like to beg for a word and die."

"The emperor said, "What do you want to say?" If you have to beat him, you have to commit suicide." That is to say, he hits the couplet with his head and his face is covered with blood.

The emperor ordered Xiaohuangmen to hold it and make Xuan kowtow to thank the Lord. He declared that he would not obey, and forced the envoy to stop. He declared that he was holding the ground with both hands, but he refused to surrender in the end.

The Lord said: "When my father and uncle were in white clothes, they hid themselves and died, and the officials did not dare to come. Now that I am the emperor, I cannot carry out an order with great power!" The emperor smiled and said: "The emperor is not the same as the white clothes. "

Because of the imperial edict: "The strong points are issued!" Three hundred thousand dollars were given. Announcement to all officials in Yiban.

Because he can fight against the powerful, everyone in the capital will be shocked.

Translation: Emperor Guangwu summoned Dong Xuan as the order of Luoyang.

At that time, the servant of Princess Huyang killed someone during the day, and because he hid in the princess's mansion, the officials could not arrest him. When the princess went out, she asked this servant to accompany her.

Dong Xuan was waiting at Xiamen Pavilion. When he saw the princess's carriage approaching, he stopped Manu and told the carriage to stop. He drew the ground with a knife to stop him from leaving, and loudly blamed the princess for her fault. , ordered the servant to get out of the car and killed him on the spot. The princess immediately returned to the palace to complain to Emperor Guangwu.

Emperor Guangwu was furious and summoned Dong Xuan to beat him to death with a wooden stick. Dong Xuan kowtowed and said: "Please let me say a word before I die!" Emperor Guangwu said: "What do you want to say?" Dong Yi replied: "The emperor is holy and wise, and has restored the Han Dynasty to the world, but he indulges his servants and harms good people. How can I govern the country? I don't need to be beaten with a rod. Please allow me to commit suicide!" Then he hit his head on a pillar and his face was covered with blood.

Emperor Guangwu ordered the young eunuch to hold Dong Xuan and ask him to kowtow to the princess and admit his mistake. Dong Xuan refused and forced him to kowtow. Dong Xuan put his hands on the ground and refused to bow his head.

The princess said to Emperor Guangwu: "When Uncle Wen was a common man, he protected the fugitives, and the officials did not dare to come in and arrest people. Now that he is the emperor, can't he subdue a small local official?" Emperor Guangwu He smiled and said: "Being an emperor and being a common people are two different things!" So he gave Dong Xuan a "strength order" and a reward of 300,000 yuan. Dong Xuan gave all of it to the officials below.

From then on, he attacked powerful people, and all those powerful people were frightened. The people in the capital called him "Crouching Tiger" and praised him as: "Dong Shaoping can't beat the drums."

Notes [1] "Book of the Later Han": compiled by Fan Hua during the Liu and Song Dynasties in the Southern Dynasty, originally composed of eighty biographies of the Ten Chronicles , ***Ninety volumes. During the Northern Song Dynasty, eight chapters and 30 volumes of the "Continuation of the Book of Han" written by Ma Biao, the Secretary of the Jin Dynasty, were compiled into the "Book of the Later Han" that is now circulated. The two books were combined into 120 volumes.

This article is selected from "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Dong Yi". [2] Dong Yi: courtesy name Shaoping, native of Chenliu, Henan.

During the Guangwu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he served as Prime Minister of Beihai. He was famous for cracking down on powerful people. Emperor Guangwu conscripted him into the Luoyang Order. [3] Luoyang Order: The capital of the Later Han Dynasty was in Luoyang.

The Luoyang Order is the chief executive of the capital. [4] Princess Huyang: The sister of Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu.

[5] Cangtou: The general name for slaves evolved from the "Qianshou" in the Qin Dynasty. Because the working people have dark faces and wear green scarves on their heads, they are called Cangtou.

[6]骖成: Accompanying one. In ancient times, when riding a car, the guide sat on the left, the charioteer in the middle, and another person on the right accompanying him, which was called a ride.

The sound "can" refers to the horse that drives the horse. [7] Number: Sound Department (shu), enumeration, blame.

[8] Kill with kill: Kill with sound. In the old days, people who committed crimes, resisted arrest or violated prohibitions were beaten to death on the spot, which was called killing.

Regarding the above-mentioned acts, homicide is not considered a crime, so it is called "shoot to kill without mercy." [9]砠: Chui (chui), whip.

Here refers to cane punishment, using a wooden stick to whip the prisoner. [10] Couple: Yingying, the bright pillar in front of the palace.

[11] Huangmen: The officials who serve the emperor in the palace and convey orders. The leader is called Huangmen Tanlang. During the Later Han Dynasty, most of the Huangmen were occupied by eunuchs, and from then on they were generally called Zhouguan and Huangmen.

Xiaohuangmen, the little eunuch. [12] Uncle Wen: Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu, also known as Uncle Wen.

[13] Baiyi: In ancient times, people who failed to gain fame or returned home from office were called Baiyi, which is equivalent to ordinary people in modern times. [14] Imperial edict: Chi, the emperor’s edict.

[15]Strengths: Tough neck, unwilling to bow to others casually. "Strength Today" is the title given to Dong Xuan by Liu Xiu.

[16] Note: Lei Lang. [17] Class: Distribution.

[18]桴: Yinchen (fu), drumstick.