1. The first military band founded by China

In p>1899, Yuan Shikai was founded in Tianjin on the advice of a German consultant. There are about twenty people in this band, and the instruments used are the same as the brass bands in foreign countries. They once played for Cixi.

2. The earliest existing military band in China

The Tsinghua University Military Band was founded in 1916 and is still active in amateur wind music.

3. The earliest violin factory in China

On June 1st, 1949, the first violin factory was established in China-New China Musical Instrument Factory (namely Beijing Violin Factory). Later, cities such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, Yingkou and Suzhou also set up violin factories. Now, the scientific research department of musical instruments has begun to adopt advanced science and technology, which has greatly improved the violin production level in China.

4. The first bronze statue of a native musician in China

On November 27th, 1982, a bust of Xiao Youmei, the founder of Shanghai Conservatory of Music, was erected. Xiao Youmei was born in Zhongshan County, Guangdong Province in 1884. In 191, he was admitted to the High School Attached to Tokyo Normal University, Japan, and studied at Tokyo Music School. In 1912, he went to Leipzig Conservatory of Music in Germany to study music theory and composition. After returning to China in 192, she taught in Beijing Women's Normal College, Peking University Music Studio and Beijing Art College. In 1927, the National Conservatory of Music (now Shanghai Conservatory of Music) was established in Shanghai, and he served as a professor, academic director and dean. After the September 18th Incident, Xiao Youmei organized the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association to encourage all teachers and students to write patriotic songs. His "Song of National Shame" and "Song of National Disaster" all had certain influence at that time.

5. China's earliest rap music

Xiangchengpian by Xunzi (about 313-238 BC). The musical form of Xiang Chengpian is based on folk rap and ballads, and it is divided into three movements. "Xiang" is a percussion instrument developed from the labor tools of rice beating or embankment building, which is used for clapping and rap. "Xiang Cheng" was a form of rap and ballad spread among the people at that time, which later developed into a form of poetry. The whole article has four sentences and one rhyme, and it is read in a certain rhythm. There is no fixed tune, and its rhythm is similar to Allegro. Most of the works are promoted as the way of governing the country by the monarch, with mixed historical stories and criticism of the reality at that time.

6. The most famous music institution in ancient China

Yuefu was established in the fifth year of Emperor Yuan Ding (112 BC). "Yuefu" is like a modern singing group, and Captain Xie Law is the highest business leader of this institution. Professional Yuefu workers will sort out and process the local folk songs collected from Zhao, Qin, Chu and other regions, and then they will compose new songs for musicians to sing, so that they can be watched by princesses and other officials after the palace moved to the emperor. At its peak, Yuefu had more than 8 people, most of whom were first-class musicians, writers and folk artists. This kind of music institution is the product of the development of culture under the background of the development of economic level in Han Dynasty.

7. China's earliest foreign music and cultural exchange

In the 13th year of Zhou Muwang in the Western Zhou Dynasty (about 989 BC). At that time, Zhou Muwang personally led a huge song band to the west, reaching the Black Lake connected with the Black Sea, with a total round trip of about 35, miles. Everywhere the band went, they exchanged gifts with local tribal leaders and held a grand performance. Now puppet shows, shadow play and acrobatics were introduced into China at that time. Under the condition of underdeveloped traffic, Zhou Muwang led a team to make great contributions to the development of musical and cultural exchanges between China and the West. This huge song band led by him became the earliest music group to visit abroad in China.

8. The earliest instrumental performance competition in China

The pipa competition was held in Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty during Zhenyuan period (785-85 AD). At that time, two colorful buildings were set up in East Street and West Street of Chang 'an. The pipa player on the colorful building in East Street was Kang Kunlun, a Chinese from the Western Regions. He was a court pipa player and was known as the "first hand pipa". On the color building of West Street is Duan Shanben, a pipa player dressed as a girl. According to the records in Yi Yue Fu Miscellaneous Records, after the competition started, after Kang Kunlun played a song "Feather Tune Record", Duan Shanben immediately moved to "Fengxiang Tune" to play. As a result, Kang Kunlun was fascinated by Duan Shanben's playing and became a teacher.

9. The earliest music school in ancient China

The "Dasi Music" in the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC-8th century BC) has a history of more than 3, years. At that time, the ruling class attached great importance to music and regarded it as an important tool for ruling the country. As a music institution in the Zhou Dynasty, "Dasi Music" holds the functions of music education and performing rites and music. Its training targets are mainly the children of the royal family and nobles, and some of them are outstanding music talents selected from the people. The main contents of study are music aesthetics, singing and dancing; The teaching period is 7 years, starting from the age of 13 and graduating at the age of 2; There are more than 14 students, including more than 6 music teachers (musicians), which can be called a music school with strong teachers and complete institutions.

1. The clavichord that was first introduced to China

The Italian scholar Matteo Ricci (1552-161), who preached in China in p>16, presented a tribute to the Emperor Wanli. This piano is an ancient piano with a rectangular body, which was made in 17th century in Italy. It was called "lyre" when it was paid tribute, also known as Xiqin, Ya Qin or 72-stringed piano. At the same time, Matteo Ricci also introduced eight European church music played on the clavichord to Chinese musicians.

the best musician in China

1. The first composer from China who won the Oscar for music

In p>1988, after fierce competition, Su Cong, a 31-year-old young composer from China, won the 6th Oscar for best music because of his excellent score in the film The Last Emperor, which was the first time for a composer from China.

Su Cong graduated from the Central Conservatory of Music in 1982, and then went to the Free University of West Berlin in Germany to study for a doctorate in comparative musicology. In 1985, Su Cong participated in the International Music Competition for the centenary of Liszt's death in Budapest, and his Piano Fantasia won the second place. Since then, the prestigious Peter Music Publishing Company has specially hired him as a member of the company.

2. The earliest musicians in the history of China

In the long history of our country, there are countless outstanding musicians. Among them, Kui is the earliest musician in Chinese history. Kui lived in the later period of the Yellow Emperor and Yao Shunyu in Chinese legends. According to the Book of History, Kui once served as the music official of Shun. Kui was originally a commoner with musical expertise living in a remote and marginal place, and was later promoted and reused by Shun abnormality. After serving as a music official, Kui personally participated in the creation and command of the famous music and dance Shaole. According to legend, this music and dance has been spread to the State of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 1, years later. After listening to it, Confucius praised that "Shao is beautiful and good". It can be seen that Kui's musical skills are superb.

3. The earliest music theorist who founded the Twelve Average Laws

Zhu Zaiyu, an outstanding scientist and music theorist in Ming Dynasty in China, was the first person in the world to establish the Twelve Average Laws with scientific theory. There are as many as 17 legal works, and he has created the "new secret rate" completely and systematically, that is, the twelve-average law. Zhu Zai-yu's textual research has a small error in pitch, and its accuracy has amazed some western music theorists.

4. The performer who has performed the least in the world

One night in the late autumn of p>195, at a literary evening in Wuxi, Jiangsu, China, an old man who was blind and nearly sixty years old played an erhu solo "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" on the stage, which won the audience's prolonged applause, and the performer was so excited that tears filled his eyes that he added a song "Listening to Song".

He is a world-famous folk musician-blind A Bing.

A Bing was originally named Hua Yanjun, who was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu. I loved music since I was a child. I studied various musical instruments with my adoptive father Hua Qing and Taoist priests. I can sing and play, and I can improvise words.

A Bing was forced to live in the streets by life, and then unfortunately suffered from eye diseases and became blind. The erhu strings in his hand are thick and tight, and others generally can't press them. His piano sound is loud and distant, and his performance is unique. He can stand and pull or walk while pulling, and it is his common playing posture to clamp the erhuqin tube between his knees.

Although A Bing has excellent skills, he has never been on the stage. This literary evening was the first and last time he appeared on the stage in his life. A Bing died shortly after the performance.

In p>1951, Tianjin People's Broadcasting Station first broadcasted Hua Yanjun's representative work "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", and in 1954, it published "A Bing Qu Ji". On the 1th anniversary of the National Day, China Foreign Cultural Association presented "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" as one of the representative works of Chinese national music to international friends. Since then, Hua Yanjun's works have been widely circulated abroad and have been highly praised.

Seiji Ozawa, a famous Japanese conductor, burst into tears after listening to Two Springs Reflecting the Moon, and expressed his emotion: "The feeling of heartbroken is so appropriate.".

The best record

1. The earliest record in the world

The first record in the world was recorded by American engineer Emile Berliher in 1888. This record is now in the National Museum in Washington, USA. Early records had two holes in the middle, and the stylus turned from the inside out. Only one side of the record is recorded, and a caption card is attached to the back.

2. The earliest loudspeaker and electric phonograph

In p>1898, Horace Short of London, England patented the "Ogzetfern" loudspeaker, which was the earliest loudspeaker in the world. This loudspeaker uses a device for compressing air. The earliest electric phonograph with loudspeaker amplifier instead of earphone was the phonograph of Brown zwick Panatrop made by Brown zwick Company in Darby, Ohio in 1925.

3. The earliest jazz record

The earliest jazz record in the world was sold on March 7, 1917. On one side, this record records Songs of New Orleans Jazz Band, and on the other side, it records Nervous and Firm Moment. The performer is Nick larocca's original New Orleans jazz band, published by Picta Company in Camden, New Jersey, USA.

4. The earliest opera record

In p>1896, the French company Patel Frebet began to sell the world's earliest opera record, which was a cylindrical record, and the recordings were made by famous opera singers at that time. In 193, Fred Gasbag of Gramophone Company recorded "Clown" in Milan, Italy, which was the world's earliest complete opera record, and was personally conducted by the opera writer Leon Cavallo.

5. The earliest gold-plated record

The song "Katanuga Autumn Autumn" played by Glenn Milla of the United States was used in the American film "San Barre Serenade" made in 1941. In the same year, ABC began to sell the record of this song, which reached 1 million copies in just a few months. To this end, ABC specially produced a gold-plated record for Glenn Milla Orchestra to celebrate. This is the world's first gold-plated record.

6. The earliest gold records

Gold records were specially made in western countries to reward singers who made records. As long as one million copies of a record are sold, the millionth record is called a "golden record". Of course, this "golden record" won by the singer is not gold, but an honor. The first gold record in the world recorded an aria in the opera Clown by Leon Cavallo (1858-1919), which was sung by the famous Italian tenor Enrico Caruso (1873-1921).

7. The earliest record library

In p>1914, the library in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA opened the world's earliest record library. At the beginning of the opening, there were only 25 records donated by the local women's club. By 1919, the library had nearly 6 records, which were lent out for 3,55 times.

8. Best-selling record

The record number of personal records sold is the highest, which was created by Michael Jackson. His albums have sold tens of millions of copies all over the world. Because of his long-term prosperity in the music world, his record is still rising. The first classical dense-pattern slow-motion record that broke the 1 million mark was Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's Piano Sonata No.1, which was played by pianist Harvey Lavan Klebenger Jr. The song record with the largest circulation in the world is irving berlin's work "I wish to be bright again", which is a Christmas carol. In the decades since the work came out, the number of records sold has reached 5 million.

9. The most durable record

On August 2, 1977, the American "voyager 1" spacecraft set off from Cape Kennedy, USA. An aluminum box is fixed around the spacecraft with several titanium bolts. There is a porcelain singing head, a diamond singing needle and a gold-sprayed copper record in the box. Two hours of audio programs are recorded in the record, all of which are all kinds of sounds on the earth. Among them, there are 35 kinds of natural sounds, which can be broadcast for 12 minutes, such as wind and rain, thunder and lightning, birds singing and animals barking and so on. In addition, the record also includes greetings in more than 6 different languages in the world. Three-quarters of the whole album recorded the music of different nationalities in different times and regions on the earth, and there were as many as 27 songs, one of which was China's guqin "Running Water". Even if this record is used for 1 billion years, its timbre will be as bright as new, making it the most durable record in the world.

1. The smallest record

The smallest record in the world is only 35 mm in diameter. The record recorded the British national anthem. This kind of record was produced by a British record company in 1924, and only 25 copies were made before and after. Today, this kind of miniature record has become a collector's pet and a museum treasure.

The Best Concert

1. The World's Largest Music Festival

On August 15th, 1969, a large-scale music festival unparalleled in the world was held in Husto Private Farm, a suburb of new york, USA, with more than 45, participants from various states. At first, tickets were required for admission, but later it was out of control, so it was simply opened free of charge. The slogan of this activity was "Peace and Music", which lasted for three days and three nights. There was no violence and several babies were born at the scene. Max Jaska, the owner of the farm, became a celebrity overnight.

2. Several largest pop concerts

On September 13th, 198, elton john's concert was held in new york Central Park, attended by about 4, people. A year later, in the same place, 5, people attended the joint concert of Simon and Gefunk. On July 29th, 1973, new york Waters Grand held the Swing Music Festival. At this festival, 6, people attended, but only 15, people bought tickets.

3. The biggest chorus of concert performers and audiences

appeared in a chorus in Brurau, Germany on August 2, 1937. At the end of the chorus competition with 16, participants, 6, people sang in unison. The classical concert with the largest number of participants was a free open-air concert performed by New York Philharmonic on the lawn of new york Central Park on July 5, 1986, with an estimated 8, participants. The record of the audience was created in downtown Houston, Texas on April 5, 1986. People saw the laser map shining on the surface of the building. It is estimated that