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Some musical works are expressed by human voices, which are called vocal works, and some works are played by musical instruments, which are called instrumental works. All music works in the world are included in the two categories of "vocal music" and "instrumental music".

According to expression

Vocal music

Vocal music works can be divided into different genres such as songs, rap music, opera music and opera according to their forms and styles. Song is a small music genre, including folk songs, art songs, popular songs, children's songs and so on. Formally, it can be divided into solo, duet, chorus, chorus and chorus. Rap music refers to Quyi music, including Dan Xian, Drum, Qingyin, Pingtan, Qilaibao, Qinshu, Errenzhuan, Daoqing and Yugu.

Opera music refers to the music of Beijing Opera, Henan Opera, Yue Opera, Huagu Opera, Tea Picking Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pingju Opera, Han Opera and other local operas.

Opera music is also a kind of opera music, but unlike opera music, it has a fixed program and traditional singing style. Opera music is dramatic music created by composers using national tones and musical language full of times.

instrumental music

instrumental music works can be divided into solo, ensemble and ensemble.

solos cover a wide range. Almost all kinds of instruments have solos. China's erhu, pipa, banhu, flute, flute, cucurbit, suona, dulcimer, sheng, guqin, zheng, Qin Liu, xylophone, etc., are all famous solo tunes. Although the same is true of western musical instruments, the world-famous solos of violin, piano, guitar, electronic organ and other musical instruments are the most.

ensemble music is rare among the people in China. However, in Europe, there are many outstanding works such as string quartets and woodwind quintets, which have been circulated all over the world so far.

Ensemble refers to a musical composition played by multiple musical instruments. In the ensemble, each instrument not only gives full play to its own performance and specialty, but also coordinates with each other according to certain harmony laws. In China's national instrumental ensemble, Jiangnan Sizhu and Cantonese music account for a large proportion. National orchestral music is mostly adapted or created by composers. National percussion music also plays an important role in China's ensemble music. Music played with western brass instruments, woodwinds, stringed instruments and percussion is called orchestral music. Orchestral music made remarkable progress in Europe in the 17th century. At that time, the genres included suite, overture, fugue, fantasia, capriccio, rhapsody and concerto, as well as symphonies and symphonies with strict requirements on form.

According to the melody style

Classical music

The word "classic" comes from Latin, which originally refers to the upper class in Roman society, and then escaped to the achievements of human beings with universal and eternal value. In foreign countries, this type of music is called "classic music", which means "classical, orthodox and classical literature", so our Chinese people call it "classical music", or rather "western classical music". First of all, conceptually, "classical music" is the name of a music category. However, even in foreign countries, there are many different explanations for the specific meaning of the word "classic music", among which the main objection comes from the different concept of dividing the era of "classical music":

1. According to the universal and eternal artistic value beyond the times and the highest performance of music art, those music that can be regarded as a model of the same generation and future generations and have permanent artistic value are collectively called "classical music". According to this standard, classical music is also called "serious music" or "artistic music" to distinguish popular music (pop music).

2, especially the period of classical music school from 175 to 182.

the style of classical music school was formed in the gradual disappearance of music in Baroque period, melted into the gradual formation of romantic music school, and experienced the transition from Baroque music to early classical music school. Among many music schools, the representative figures of Vienna classical music school are Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven.

pop music

pop music is translated from English popular music. According to the superficial understanding of Chinese words, the so-called pop music refers to instrumental music and songs that are short in structure, popular in content, lively in form and sincere in emotion, and are loved by the masses, widely sung or appreciated, popular for a while and even passed down to future generations. These music and songs are rooted in the rich soil of public life. Therefore, it is also known as "popular music". However, such a definition may make music that does not belong to pop music, such as The Internationale, March of the Volunteers, La Marseillaise, Hong Hushui Waves, Singing the Motherland, Dongfanghong and Nanniwan, be classified as pop music just because they are also widely circulated among the masses.

On the other hand, those music that are obviously popular are excluded from pop music because they can't spread (which is also quite a few in pop music). Obviously, pop music is not always popular, and pop music is not just pop music. The accurate concept of pop music should be commercial music, which refers to music created with profit as the main purpose. It is a commercial music entertainment and all the "industrial" phenomena related to it. (See the former Soviet Union's Encyclopedia of Music Dictionary, 199 edition) Its marketability is primary and artistry is secondary.

national music

broadly speaking, it refers to the music school which is rich in national color or advocates nationalism and rose in the middle and late period of romanticism.

in a narrow sense, it refers to China folk music. The so-called China folk music is the music with national characteristics, which can reflect the national culture and national spirit, created by all ethnic groups who have lived and multiplied in this land of China for generations. In a broad sense, China music refers to the music with five-tone characteristics in the world.

China's national music art is a very distinctive art form in the world. During thousands of years of civilization, the Chinese nation has created a large number of excellent national music cultures and formed a national music system with profound connotations and rich contents. This system plays an important role in world music. If we want to know China music, we can't just sing some China songs and listen to some traditional music. We must also study China music and understand China music from the national, historical and regional perspectives, so as to truly understand the connotation of China music and its position and historical value in the world music system. China national music is divided into: folk songs, folk song and dance music, folk instrumental music, folk rap music and folk opera music.