Ganzhou is an important town on the ancient Silk Road with a long history. During thousands of years of social changes and historical development, whether it was the war years full of wars or the peaceful times of prosperity and stability, people traveling on the Silk Road The foreign envoys, merchants, monks, soldiers, and artists on the road had frequent cultural exchanges here. The exchanges and integration of various ethnic groups, honor, disgrace, and love have accumulated Ganzhou's rich and unique cultural heritage, leaving many brilliant The dazzling history and culture have accumulated into a splendid and eternal cultural treasure house. Folk songs and tunes are the extremely precious cultural heritage and eternal spiritual wealth left to us by our ancestors.

Music was born earlier in Ganzhou. As early as 4,000 years ago, the Donghuishan people living in the lower part of the Qilian Mountains used Xun to play their own music. The music and dance "Xirong Opera" in the Zhou Dynasty, the music and dance "Wenkang Opera" in the Warring States period, the music and dance "Anguo Opera" in the Western Wei Dynasty, the music and dance "Xiliang Music" formed in the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, later became the palace music and dance, Zhangye Music and dance occupy an important position in music and dance across the country. Among the song and dance operas of the Tang Dynasty, the famous operas from Zhangye include "Nishang Yuyi" and "Ganzhou Daqu". In the Song Dynasty, "Ganzhou Song", "Ganzhou Po", "Ganzhou Bian", "Eight Tones of Ganzhou", "Ganzhou Zi", "Ganzhou Music", etc. were separated from "Ganzhou Daqu". Poems such as "Zao Ganzhou" played an important role in Song poetry. Later, these word cards were further developed by folk artists. The language was simple and honest, which was easier for the masses to accept, forming today's Ganzhou minor tune. Until the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, "Eight Sounds of Ganzhou" and others were still widely used as tunes. Later, many of them were lost or scattered due to various reasons such as wars. The content involved varies with the times and societies. . Historically, Ganzhou's music and dance have become an indispensable and important part of the splendid culture of the ancient Chinese nation, which is worthy of our pride and pride.

Ganzhou folk songs and minor tunes are an elegant and popular folk art form created and spread by the working people in the process of long-term understanding and transformation of nature. They are widely circulated among the people and are deeply rooted in Among the people, it has strong regional characteristics and national characteristics. It is the artistic crystallization of the wisdom and wisdom of people of all ethnic groups. It is a precious social and cultural wealth. Its content is mostly about punishing evil and promoting good, supporting justice, and yearning for a better life. , is first-hand information for studying music, history, ethnicity, folk customs, language and other fields. Especially the local folk songs of Ganzhou were created by the ancestors living in the hot land of Ganzhou and are uniquely charming localizations. This folk art form has obvious local characteristics and is popular among the people. It is an indispensable part of Chinese national music and plays an important role in the study of Silk Road music. For farmers, singing folk songs and minor tunes is an indispensable part of life. Whether in the past when cultural life was relatively monotonous or now when cultural life is rich and colorful, folk songs and minor tunes entrust and carry people's joys, sorrows, sorrows and joys. On festive days and sad days, or at ordinary gatherings of family and friends, or social gatherings, people sing songs they have mastered. These songs have very distinct themes, what is praised, what is criticized, what is good, and what is good. What is bad, and some are reasonable, telling people what to do is appropriate, what to do is inappropriate, what to do is recognized by society, and how to do is criticized and denied by society. Through these songs, people have been educated. Formally speaking, Ganzhou folk songs have beautiful tunes, are easy to sing and remember, and do not have many difficult pieces, making them more suitable for folk dissemination in urban and rural areas. Generally speaking, it is sung at social gatherings, large-scale events, and family happy events. Sometimes some Ganzhou tunes are added when chanting the Baojuan. Most of the singing is a cappella, without accompaniment, and is performed live according to the pitch of the note, the speed, and the strength of the rhythm mastered by the singer. Sometimes there is accompaniment, and the musical instruments are generally banhu, erhu, flute, and sanxian, and sometimes percussion instruments such as gongs, drums, cymbals, clappers, and wooden fish are also added.

Today, the folk songs and tunes circulating in Ganzhou are rich in content, large in number, and have a wide range of tunes. They include folk songs, Qin opera, Beijing opera, Meihu, religious music and many other categories, covering all aspects of social life. , embodying the spirit, character, temperament and customs of the people of Ganzhou, and a large number of them are praising life, praising love, lamenting the love life of people in the old society, or criticizing or crying about human nature and facts. Folk songs and ditties are deeply loved by the people in Zhangye.

In the long historical process, they created a large number of folk songs based on their life experiences, labor practices and real situations, which were passed down from generation to generation. Folk tunes have been passed down for a long time in urban and rural areas of Ganzhou, and have been inherited and carried forward. The most fundamental point is that they come from life and serve life. They are a folk art form that is easily accepted and loved by the people. Ganzhou folk songs have the characteristics of high-pitched, smooth, melodious, simple and beautiful tunes, rich and vivid content, a wide range of themes, various tunes and a large number. They can be roughly divided into Huaer (young people), Xiaoqu and Xiaozi, Daramhaozi, Yangko, social music, drinking songs, religious music and other types. Xiaoqus and ditties are the most important among Ganzhou folk songs and have the most tunes. They have a strong local flavor. They speak local dialects and talk about human feelings. They reflect the desire and pursuit of a better life by the working people and are the most profound. Popular with the crowd. You can sing solo, duet, or in chorus. Not only singing during work, but also during leisure time. Some narrate history, such as "Ten Fans", "Pearl Roll-Up Curtain", "Han Xin's Fortune Telling", "Da Ma Family", etc.; some reflect love stories, some express the desire of young men and women to fall in love freely, and some express the love between men and women. Some sang about the love between people, their loyalty to love and their desire for a better life, and some sang about the painful feelings after parting, such as "Wang Gen", "Fifth Brother Herding Sheep", " "Weaving Handkerchiefs", "Embroidering Purse", "Embroidering Mandarin Ducks", "Two Girls Are Acacia", etc., some reflect happy life, such as "Frozen Ice", "Picking Flowers", "Opposing Flowers", etc., and some reflect hard life, It reflects the suffering life of women in the old society, and vividly accuses and ruthlessly exposes the feudal system. Some of them are resistance to the feudal marriage system. The songs are melodious, sob-like, tear-jerking, and deeply touching, such as "The Little Widow Goes to the Grave", "A Bachelor Han Misses His Wife", "Crying at the Fifth Watch", "Little Cowherd", "Drawing a Camel", "Shawa Goes to Work", "Long-term Work", "Borrowing the Fence", etc.; some reflect social phenomena, such as "The Queen scolds the chicken", "Ten Paths of Evil", "Sister-in-law remarries", "Mr. Zhang pays New Year's greetings", "Men vie for the upper hand", "The three sons separate the family", "Ten Glasses of Wine", "Sister-in-law receives advice", etc.; some are Those that persuade people to abandon evil and promote good, such as "Ten Tenth Pregnancy", "Ten Admonitions from Family Heirlooms", "Persuading People's Hearts", "Little Sister", etc.; some are labor chants, songs sung during labor, such as ramming construction During the construction of the foundation and the village wall, the people carrying the pestle hummed in order to coordinate their movements, eliminate boredom, and stimulate the spirit. One person takes the trumpet, and everyone follows the trumpet. The melody is bright and powerful, with a strong sense of rhythm. The lyrics are improvised and sung, and they blurt out, touching the scene and making people feel emotional. The surrounding environment and people's activities can be included in the song. It is unique and interesting. Everyone laughs and the spirit is uplifted when singing. The more you work, the happier you are. It has strong local characteristics and life atmosphere. This kind of music expresses a rough and heroic character. Firm and powerful, such as "Punch Song", "Pestle Song", etc.; some of the songs in the Shehuo were sung by the plasterers who took the lead during the Shehuo. The tunes are relatively simple, but the lyrics are rich in content. In addition to improvising and singing some blessings In addition to auspicious words about sex, they also sometimes compose and sing some production and life-related content, such as "The Plasterer's Songs and Songs"; in social fires, in order to liven up the atmosphere, "Jiao'er" was compiled and sung by the Sao monk, etc. Self-questioning and self-answering, it is humorous and full of profound philosophy, inspiring and teaching people; the songs played in small venues in Shehuo are sung according to different program contents. There are also some more influential Beijing accents spread among the people in Ganzhou, such as "Sea Tide", "Gauze Wings", "Spinach Root", "Gypsophila", "Liu Qing", "Slope Sheep", "Flax" "Little Douzi" and "Eight Scores". Due to the vast territory of Ganzhou, there are many folk songs spread in Ganzhou. Even the same song title is sung in different ways in different places, and even different artists in the same place have different singing methods.

At present, although the country has increased the protection of intangible cultural heritage including folk songs and minor tunes, governments and cultural departments at all levels are increasingly aware of the importance of protecting intangible cultural heritage and have A large number of intangible cultural heritage, including local folk songs and minor tunes, have been excavated and protected. However, in today's world, there are various cultural and entertainment methods. The singing of Ganzhou minor tunes has also reached its lowest point in history, and the singing areas are becoming more and more popular. Small, the scale of singing is getting smaller and smaller, and there are fewer and fewer people participating. Especially at present, older singers are unable to sing due to health and other reasons, and some cannot recall the songs they have sung in the past. These elderly people After his death, some representative tunes in the past have also been lost. The younger generation rarely knows Ganzhou minors and lacks understanding of this traditional folk art. There are very few young people who can sing. At present, , Ganzhou minor tunes are already facing the situation of being lost.

Ganzhou minor tune is a rap art. Its value mainly has the following two aspects: First, academic value. In the history of Chinese music, it has been spread for its rich content and distinctive personality characteristics. The second is practical value. Discovering, rescuing, and protecting Ganzhou minors will be of great significance to strengthening the construction of spiritual civilization, enriching the cultural life of the people, improving the quality of the people, ensuring people's all-round development, and building a harmonious socialist society. promotion effect. It is an urgent task to research, collect, save, protect, promote, research and utilize Ganzhou minor tunes. Doing this work well is a good thing that will benefit the present and the future. It will make Ganzhou minor tunes more The protection and excavation have advanced to a new stage, providing detailed information for the study of Ganzhou minors and taking a meaningful step in saving folk minors.