1. Breathing training
Singing breath is the driving force of vocalization and the foundation of singing. Without good breathing methods to control and use breath, there can be no beautiful and pleasant singing. All sound performance skills are closely related to breathing. Clark argued in On Breathing that the first thing for a singer is to learn proper breathing. In his Physiology of Laryngeal Throat, Plymouth believes that breathing is the vitality of sound. Chinese traditional vocal music works say: "those who are angry are also teachers of sound." Weak qi leads to thin sound, turbid qi leads to sluggish sound, and scattered qi leads to exhausted sound. " It also shows that singers at home and abroad attach great importance to the important role of breathing in singing.
to learn to breathe, you must first understand the methods of breathing. There are three ways to breathe:
(1) Upper chest breathing. This kind of breathing is a way to control breathing with the upper chest. Its inspiratory volume is small and shallow, only reaching the upper part of the lung, which is easy to cause the tension of the muscles around the throat and neck, and makes a tight, dry and inelastic straight sound. This kind of phenomenon is more common among beginners, especially amateur singers. This is a bad breathing method that needs to be corrected.
(2) Abdominal breathing. This kind of breathing is a breathing method that relies on the expansion of soft ribs and the swelling and contraction of the lower abdomen. It inhales deeper than the upper chest style, but it also has its limitations. Because of the deep inhalation, the breath is often not smooth, which affects the vocal parts, the tone color in the middle and low voice areas is dull, the voice lacks flexibility, and the sound is low.
(3) Thoracoabdominal combined breathing. This kind of breathing is a kind of breathing method that uses the chest, diaphragm, ribs and abdominal muscles to control breath. This breathing method is a scientific and physiological breathing method recognized and widely adopted by modern Chinese and foreign vocal music circles. This breathing method has many advantages. It has a strong ability to control breath, exhales evenly and moderately, can store more breath, has obvious respiratory fulcrum, enlarges the vocal range, and harmonizes the high, middle and low vocal areas.
It's not enough to know the breathing method, but it needs long-term persistent practice to be able to use it freely when singing. There are two common practice methods now.
Breathe fast and breathe slowly: This breathing method is the most commonly used when singing. You should practice often. The specific method is: inhale quickly, pause slightly, and exhale slowly. You can understand it this way: imagine a long-lost friend suddenly appearing in front of you, and you gasped in surprise and almost cried out, stopping in this state. After a few seconds, it seems that there is an external force pushing back the lower abdomen, and I feel that the lower abdomen is slowly exhaling in the confrontation with this external force. At this time, the diaphragm plays a powerful supporting role.
breathe slowly and breathe slowly: breathe in the air slowly, pause for a while, and then exhale slowly. It can be understood that when you receive a bouquet of your favorite flowers, you are happy to smell the fragrance of the flowers. At this time, you will find that your chest naturally rises forward and upward instead of artificially, while the rib muscles, including the waist, expand around at the same time, keeping this state, only relaxing and exhaling the muscles below the abdominal diaphragm. When you breathe, you think of blowing candles, blowing down the burning candlelight, but not blowing it out. In this way, keep the candlelight from rising or going out, keep it for a long time, and then take a breath. To achieve this requirement, inhaling must be as natural, calm and soft as smelling flowers. When exhaling, you must be even and temperate. Similarly, if you want to practice breathing slowly and breathing quickly, you should take a slow breath and blow out the candle at once.
2. Vocal exercises
Vocal exercises are the most basic and simple exercises for training vocal skills. In fact, it is to practice the most basic and simple motivation or phrase that constitutes the melody of a song with simple vowels or syllables, and practice singing repeatedly by moving up or down semitone in an appropriate range. There are various methods and steps to practice vocalization, and there are many factions. However, no matter what methods and steps are adopted, the following goals are achieved:
(1) Consciously use breath to make sounds, and gradually control breathing through the diaphragm.
(2) form the correct position of the larynx, liberate the larynx, stabilize the laryngeal organs, make the vocal cord movement closely cooperate with breathing, and adjust it appropriately, so that it has ideal sound effect when singing notes with different strengths, such as high, middle, low and strong.
(3) Train the method of adjusting the vocal cavity, and appropriately expand the vocal organs with adjustable shapes-pharyngeal cavity, oral cavity and laryngeal cavity. The head cavity and chest cavity, which can not be adjusted in shape, are used to increase the volume and beautify the timbre through the adjustment and application of the cavity.
(4) Breathing, larynx (vocal cords) and vocal organs work closely together to produce sound in a coordinated way, so as to achieve the unity of vocal areas and be rich in strength and timbre changes.
In addition, you should choose an appropriate vowel when practicing vocalization. At the beginning of vocal practice, not everyone can sing well in a balanced way among the six vowels of a e i o u u With the help of the teacher, it is necessary to start practicing from the vowels with the most natural and beautiful pronunciation. In this way, it is easier to adjust the focus of vowels and coordinate the role of sound waves in the * * * buzzer. After practicing the most convenient and natural vowels, gradually adjust and drive other vowels, and the progress of vocal practice will be much faster.
Vocalization practice is based on natural sound area at first, and gradually broadens to the range of middle sound area. On the basis of practicing the midrange, we should further expand the range to achieve the sound characteristics and range that the voice should have.
3. Singing language
Singing language is an important part of vocal music training.
Singing is a form of musical expression that combines musicalized human voice with language to further express ideas. Singing language can directly reveal the literary content and ideological content of songs, highlight the style of works, and directly display the images and artistic conception of songs.
The general requirements of singing language are: accurate and dexterous initials, well-maintained vowel form, natural and timely return to rhyme, and good memory of yin and yang. Priorities must be clearly defined, and the tone and situation should be handled well.
you must bite the prefix correctly, but you can't bite it to death. When the prefix is bitten, it should naturally and timely transition to the belly. After the words are spit out, we should stop the sound and rhyme in time, and we must pay attention to the connection of the three, so that the transition is natural and smooth and become a whole. In addition, pinyin should be sung accurately, such as "L" and "N", "flat tongue" and "upturned tongue", "F" and "H", "front nasal rhyme" and "back nasal rhyme" should be distinguished and the tone should be accurate.
Singing language must be closely integrated with breathing, vocalization and singing. Singing language must be coordinated with flexible breathing and smooth voice, in order to receive a vivid and touching effect.
4. Studying hard, practicing hard and using more brains are the keys to learning vocal music well.
When learning vocal music, you should study, think and experience carefully when the teacher gives you a face-to-face lecture, and make good notes. Vocal learning notes are a mirror that reflects the process of learning vocal music. Vocal exercises, song teaching materials, teachers' requirements, practice effects, main problems and correction methods adopted in each stage should be recorded. After returning home, we should insist on practicing according to the teacher's requirements every day, which is the key to learning vocal music well. Success doesn't favor slackers, and people who only practice face-to-face will not make progress.
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