The violin is a bowstring instrument in western instruments, which is called a stringed instrument. The violin is a perfect solo instrument, with beautiful timbre, wide range and rich expressive force. It can not only play a pleasant melody, but also play a powerful chord, which is gorgeous and charming, so people called it one of the western instruments a long time ago? Queen? . In the symphony orchestra, it is often used as the main melody instrument, and its role is very prominent. It is also often used in various ensembles, accompaniment and mixed use with Chinese national musical instruments. Today I bring you a brief history of violin, hoping to help you.

Historians have many different opinions about the origin of violin, some say it originated in North Africa, some say it originated in India, some say it originated in Western Europe, and so on. There is a legend: 5, years ago, there was a Sri Lankan monarch named Rivana. He hollowed out cylindrical wood and made it into a musical instrument very similar to our erhu called Ravanastron. In the long history, Rivana Sterlon spread all over the world with trade, which is the originator of violin. However, according to historical records, the earliest violin was made by a man named Dasaro (Gasparo Dasaro 1542-169) who lived in the northern Italian town of Brescia. But in the same period, A. Amati (AndreaAmatil52-158) in Cremona, Grimon, also made a violin that was more similar to the modern violin. From the 16th century to the 18th century, the violin manufacturing industry in Italy developed rapidly with the unprecedented prosperity of music art, and four outstanding masters, G.P. Machini, N. Amati, A. Stradivali and C. Claudio, appeared. After the 18th century, violin manufacturers all over the world made violins by imitating the piano types and sizes of these violin makers in Italy. In the past hundred years, the structure of the violin has not changed much. In this sense, Italy is the hometown of the violin. The violins made by Machini, Amati, Stradivali and Claudio Neri have become rare treasures and masterpieces.

With the improvement of the violin, there have been countless violin performance artists who have devoted themselves to it for hundreds of years. Paganini, an outstanding Italian violinist and composer in the 19th century, has highly developed the violin playing techniques. His difficult techniques, such as left-handed plucking, bowing, solo playing, double overtones, bow jumping and various double tones, have greatly developed the expressive force of the violin, and also played piano and other instruments later. Under the direct influence of Paganini, Viotti, Klaizel, Beriau, Viodang, Viniasky, Sarasate, Izayi, Chrysler, Thibaugh, Spoel, Joachim, Segeti, Flajs, Aenescu, Orr, Kheifits, Mei Niuyin, oistrakh, Stern and so on appeared later, and these glittering violin performances.

In the ocean of violin music, the masterpieces of famous composers have left rich artistic enjoyment for later generations. The violin concertos of famous composers Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Brahms and Tchaikovsky are known as the four major concertos in the world, and have resounded on the concert stage so far. Sarasate, a famous Spanish violinist, wrote Song of the Wanderer, which is a well-known masterpiece. This piece of music has beautiful melody, gorgeous rhythm and gorgeous colors, which vividly shows the inner sadness and fiery unrestrained character of the gypsy wandering people. The third paragraph of the music with a mute is even more quiet, sad and exciting. Among the vast violin music works, there are countless fascinating masterpieces. However, all violin works can be roughly divided into three categories: the first category is the works written by violinists themselves, such as works by Paganini, wieniawski, Chrysler, Sarasate and others. Most of these works are dazzling and difficult, but they all conform to the violin playing rules, have good stage effect and are the pearls of violin works; The second category is the works that composers cooperate with violinists, such as the concerto in E minor by the famous composer Mendelssohn, which was written for the famous violinist Ferdinand David at that time, and Brahms' dazzling Concerto in D major was written for the violin master Joachim at that time. The Spanish Symphony by the famous French composer Laro was written for the famous violinist Sarasate, etc. This kind of works is rich in music, and technically conforms to the rules of violin performance, which is an immortal masterpiece. The third kind is the works written by composers themselves, such as Schumann's concerto, which are generally based on the content of music, but lack the technical skills of violin, so it is not easy to play. There is also a very striking phenomenon, that is, whenever a great violinist appears, many composers write for it, thus making violin works prosperous. This is the case in history, and so is a oistrakh in the modern Soviet Union. When oistrakh rushed to the world music scene, famous composers such as prokofiev, Shostakovich, Khachaturian, Myaskovski, Lakoff and others specially created concertos or sonatas for him. And these works are still widely circulated all over the world. In a word, the continuous improvement of performers' skills has promoted the prosperity and development of violin works, and the appearance of works with superb skills has promoted the performers to continuously improve their playing level.

It has been nearly a hundred years since the violin was introduced into China. However, a number of outstanding violinists and composers have emerged in China. Ma Sicong, a great master, is very representative. As early as 193s, he became famous far and wide. His "Homesickness Melody" expressed his yearning for his relatives in his hometown with a beautiful and lyrical melody. This work was written during the Anti-Japanese War, and the longing for returning home in the melody aroused feelings in people's hearts. Arouse people's strong hatred for the invaders who ravaged their homeland. This is a famous work in China's music works, which is enduring for a long time. It later became a prelude to china national radio's broadcasting to Taiwan Province. From the widespread spread of the violin concerto "butterfly lovers", we can also see that the Chinese people are very fond of the violin art. Butterfly Lovers, a violin work with international influence, is very popular not only in mainland China, but also in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, Japan and Southeast Asia, and is also played from time to time in some concert stages in Europe and America. In the past 2 years, there are still a large number of outstanding young violinists in China, who have won great prizes in major international violin performance competitions. Hu Kun, Lv Siqing, Wang Xiaodong, Zhang Le, Xue Wei, Qi Ming, Yang Liu, Lu Wei, Li Zhisheng and Pan Yiqiong have won honors for the country, which shows that China's violin performance art has reached the international level.

China's violin manufacturing industry often wins prizes in international production competitions. Chen Jinnong of Guangdong Musical Instrument Factory and Dai Hongxiang of Beijing Violin Factory are the first masters to win the gold medal in sound quality in international violin production competitions. The pianos and bows made by the masters of the older generation, such as Xu Fu, Liang Guohui, Chen Yi and He En, in Guangdong, often get good rankings in violin making competitions at home and abroad. Recently, the violin made by rising star Zhu Mingjiang won two gold medals in the American competition, which is extremely rare. At present, there are more than 5 violin factories in China with considerable output, including Beijing Violin Factory and Shanghai Violin Factory. Guangdong Musical Instrument Factory is a famous factory that produces professional violins. In recent years, Grimon Nadi Co., Ltd., a Sino-foreign joint venture in Guangzhou, has sprung up suddenly. The violins of various specifications produced by this company have sold well in more than 1 countries in Europe and America, and their products have entered the world's advanced ranks. The violins made by Cao Shukun and Shen Chiming and the bows made by Guan Shangzhi have become the favorite treasures of musicians.