there are three origins of the surname of Bao (Bao Bao):

1. It comes from the surname of Guan, who was named after Sun Jingshu, a Xia Yu in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to the "surname garden", "it is a surname. After Xia Yuhou. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Gongzi was an official, and he ate from Bao, because he was named after his family. According to "A Brief History of the Clan" and "Compilation of Yuanhe Surnames", in the Spring and Autumn Period, Sun Jingshu (that is, Qi Gongzi), a Xia Yu-born official, gathered food in Baoyi (formerly a vassal state of Xia Dynasty, so the city is thirty miles east of Licheng in Shandong Province), and his uncle's tooth was named after the city (country), called Bao surname.

2. It comes from the Dong Xi family, that is, Fu Xishi, followed by Bao.

3. Among other nationalities, there is Bao's family:

① According to the Records of Wei Shu Guan's Family, during the period of great ethnic integration in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the ethnic minorities in the northern Wei Dynasty went south with Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, settled in Luoyang, and merged with the Han nationality, so they changed their surname to Bao. In addition, at the same time, the ethnic minority "Bao Wa" in Daibei also changed their surname to Bao.

(2) After the Eight Banners of Manchuria in Qing Dynasty, there were people who changed their surnames to Bao, such as Baojia and Guaerjia.

③ Jin Bie of Jingpo nationality, whose Chinese surname is Bao; The Wa sheep is Bula (also known as Yusbai), and the Chinese surname is Bao.

④ In eastern Inner Mongolia, Mongolians changed their surname from Jin to Bao.

⑤ Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and other ethnic groups all have this surname.

The ancestor of surname: Bao Shuya. Son of Sun Jingshu of Xia Yu origin, doctor of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period. His father, Uncle Jing, was sealed in Bao, and his uncle began to take the feudal city as his surname, called Bao Shuya. When my uncle was young, he was friendly with Guan Zhong, and Guan Zhong's family was poor and his mother was old. He often gave him financial support and became a best friend. When Xiang Gong was in chaos, Guan Zhong went to Lu with Gong Zijiu, and he went to Ju 'an with Xiao Bai, the son. When Xiang Gong was killed, Xiaobai returned to China with domestic help, and was appointed as Qi Jun, and he was proposed as Shangqing. He urged Huan Gong to release Guan Zhong, who was detained in prison, so that he could take his place instead of his body. The friendship between Guan Bao and Bao is a beautiful talk. The descendants of Bao also respect this noble ancestor of Bao as the ancestor of his surname.

II. Migration distribution

Bao's surname originated in Licheng, Shandong Province today, and Bao Shuya's descendants were hereditary ministers in the State of Qi. The great-grandson Bao Qian (Bao Zhuangzi), Bao Wenzi and Bao Su, and his descendant Bao Jiao lived in seclusion in the capital of Zhou (now Luoyang, Henan Province). At the beginning of the Warring States, after Tian's replacement of Qi, some descendants fled to Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Jiangsu. During the Han Dynasty, there were more and more Bao names. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Bao Xuan was a native of Gaocheng (now Yanshan, Hebei Province) in the Bohai Sea, and was later killed by Wang Mang. He foresaw that his eldest son Bao Yong and his second son Bao Sheng would stay in Shangdang (now Shanxi Province) before his death. Bao Yong's son Bao Yu, Sun Baode and Great-grandson Bao Ang were all famous in the world, especially Bao Yu, who was the most famous. He was the prime minister. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were Bao Hong and Bao Hui from Fufeng (now Xingping, Shaanxi Province), Bao You from Jingzhao Xinfeng (now Lintong, Shaanxi Province) and Bao Jun from Jiujiang (now Fengyang, Anhui Province) at the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It shows that during the Qin and Han dynasties, Bao's surname was distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and one branch entered Anhui. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Bao, who was born in Shandong and Jiangsu, was an ancient land of Donghai County, with a thriving population and famous artists. Bao Zhao, a famous poet of Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties, was an outstanding representative of Bao's surname in this county. Bao's surname in this county is close to Nanjing, the capital of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, and he entered Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei and other places today because of his official career and fleeing. On this occasion, Bao's family name, which was propagated in Shangdang, Taishan and Henan counties, also showed a large number of ethnic groups and famous artists, and prospered as Shangdang, Taishan and Henan counties. The unrest from the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties led to Bao's settlement in Jiangxi, Hunan and Sichuan. During the Song Dynasty, the development of Bao's surname showed new characteristics. Besides prospering in Shandong, Bao's surname, which thrived in southern provinces such as Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, was very eye-catching and famous. The unrest at the beginning and end of the Yuan Dynasty led Bao to move to Guangdong, Fujian, Guangxi and other places. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Bao, as one of the surnames of the people who moved to the pagoda tree in Hongdong, was moved to Anhui, Jiangsu, Hebei, Henan and other places. After the mid-Ming Dynasty, Bao's surname entered Taiwan Province Province. In the Qing Dynasty, Bao's surname was more widely distributed. Today, Bao's surname is widely distributed all over the country, especially in Qinghai, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hubei, Zhejiang and other provinces, where Bao's surname accounts for about 7% of the population of Han nationality in China. Bao is the 173rd surname in China, with a large population, accounting for .6% of the Han population in China.

Third, historical celebrity

Bao Xuan: a native of Gaocheng, Bohai Sea (now southeast of Yanshan Mountain, Hebei Province), was a minister of the Western Han Dynasty. I am eager to learn the classics, and I am a filial piety, and I am an official. I often write a book to remonstrate and argue, but my words are few and my words are many. He once criticized the late Western Han Dynasty that "seven people died but no one got it" and "seven people died but no life".

Bao Yong: Shangdang resident, minister in the early Han Dynasty. Make a new start, then a servant of Shangshu, served as a general in military affairs and was named the Hou of Zhongyang. When Han Guangwu was appointed as the satrap of Lujun, he was appointed as the Hou of Guannei. Later, he served as a captain of Sili, Donghai Xiang and Zhou Mu.

Bao Yu: Shangdang resident, minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty. When Ren Runan was a satrap, because the county was full of vicious pools, he was doomed to be bad in years. He recruited migrant workers and built a water gate with stones, which was well stopped and the people were rich. Moved to Stuart, and on behalf of MouRong for qiu.

Bao Hui: Fufeng (now Xingping, Shaanxi Province) was an official in the Eastern Han Dynasty. When he was light-armed, he was turned into a capital officer by Bao Yong, resisting straightforwardness and not avoiding dignitaries. The emperor warned the nobles that they should close their hands to avoid two abalone.

Bao Xin: Taishan native, an official in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He rode as a captain, avoided Dong Zhuo's rebellion, led his troops back to his hometown, and turned to Jibei as a relative. He begged Dong Zhuo with Yuan Shao and others, and was later killed by the Yellow Scarf Army. His son, Bao Xun, was upright and upright, and Cao Pi worshipped the imperial adviser and became a right corps commander.

Bao Zhao: Ming Yuan, a native of Donghai (now Lianshui, Jiangsu Province), was a writer and poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Born in poverty, I have never met my talents in my life, and I have been stranded in a foreign country and suffered a lot. Most of the Yuefu poems he wrote were about the frontier war and the situation of recruiting soldiers and guarding soldiers. Qiyan Yuefu has a great influence on later generations. As the representative of "Quasi-it is hard to go", he showed strong cynicism and passion. There is Bao Shenjun Collection.

Bao Liang: Taoist in Jin Dynasty. The word is too mysterious, from Donghai, or from Yunchen Liuren, or from Yundonghai Chenliu, or from Yunshang Dangren. After Han Situ Bao Xuan. According to the Book of Jin and other records, when I was 5 years old, I said to my parents, "I was originally a Li family in Quyang, and I fell into a well at the age of 9." Parents searched for Li, pushed questions, and said it. Beautiful and learn Taoism and Confucianism, tomorrow's text, "River Map" and "Luo Shu". Moved to a surname in the middle of Nanyang, serving as the prefect of Nanhai, Guangdong. I once went to the sea to meet the wind and boiled white stone to satisfy my hunger. I once went back with Xu Mi. I once met Yin Changsheng, a fairy, and I learned from him. He is the teacher of Xu Mai and Ge Hong, and the father-in-law of Ge Hong. At the age of 1. Or the cloud is over 7 and the corpse is dissolved. Or return to Danyang after the cloud, and be buried in Zhaozigang. Or cloud in Luofu Mountain.

Bao Gu: Qian Guang (about 39-363) was born in Shangdang (now Changzhi, Shanxi Province), the daughter of Bao Liang, the prefect of Nanhai, Guangdong Province in Jin Dynasty, and the wife of Ge Hong, a physician. Bao Gu grew up in an official and Taoist family and was deeply influenced by Taoism. Later, she worked as a doctor in Luofushan, Guangdong Province. Bao's medical skill is exquisite, especially in moxibustion, which is famous for treating wart and wart. She adapted to local conditions, took local materials, and used the local rich red-footed wormwood for moxibustion treatment, which achieved remarkable results. "Every wart, one of moxibustion wick, immediately. Not only is it cured, but it is also beautiful. " She is the first female acupuncturist in Chinese history.

Bao Fang: born in Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangfan, Hubei Province), was a minister in the Tang Dynasty. When Xuanzong was a scholar, he was tired of being an official to the minister of the Ministry of Industry, and he made achievements everywhere. Work poetry, like to criticize the shortcomings into poetry.

Bao Chao, whose name was Chunting, later changed to Chunting, was born in Kuizhou (now Fengjie), Sichuan Province. He was a military officer and a general of Xiang Army in Qing Dynasty. Zeng Guofan was rescued from danger in Qimen, Anhui Province, and was promoted to prefect. The department number "whether the army" is the main force of the Xiang army.

Bao Shuya: A doctor of the State of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, who was famous for knowing people. When he was a teenager, he was friendly with Guan Zhong. Later, due to the chaos, he went out to Ju with Xiao Bai, the son, and Guan Zhong went out to Lu with Gong Zijiu. Xiang Gong was killed, and Xiao Bai fought for the throne. Xiao Bai won the throne, that is, Qi Huangong. Huan Gong appointed him as the prime minister, and he politely decline recommended Guan Zhong. Later, the State of Qi became prosperous after the reform of economic management, and Qi Huangong became the first tyrant in the Spring and Autumn Period.

Bao Jingyan: a thinker in Jin Dynasty. Part of his thought of "the theory of no monarch" is preserved in Ge Hong's Bao Puzi Bao Pian. His thought of "no monarch" shone brilliantly in the flood of metaphysics at that time, shining with the brilliance of simple materialism.

Bao Shenyou: born in Longquan, Chuzhou (now Zhejiang Province), was a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty. When Zhezong was a scholar, he was tired of being a foreign minister in the Ministry of Industry and Government. He studied from Wang Anshi and Su Shi, and became a famous writer in Wang Yang. His poems are especially wonderful. There is Yi Bai Tang Xiao Ji.

Bao Xiangxian: A native of the Ming Dynasty, he served as an official in seven provinces for 12 times. There is a famous saying that "officials don't choose their places, and officials don't choose their positions". He once led troops to guard the northern and southern borders, gave a gift to the ministers of the Ministry of Industry, and set up a square and a watch.

Bao Chengxian: A native of Yingzhou (now Yingxian County, Shanxi Province) in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, he was a general at the beginning and once served as a general. After the fall of Jin, he offered a deviant plan, which caused Chongzhen to kill Yuan Chonghuan by mistake. Later, the Eight Banners of the Han Army were built, and he was transferred to the Red Flag, and the official was the prime minister. Bao Jiajie, now Beijing, is its residence. Bao family in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province is its descendant.

Bao Tingbo: Words are written in words. She was born in Shexian County, Anhui Province in the Qing Dynasty. The library at home is extremely rich. When Qianlong visited the suicide note, Tingbo collected more than 6 kinds of books. The school also published 3 episodes of "The Series of Knowledge Deficiency Zhai", each with 8 volumes, and collected more than 2 kinds of books. In the series of Qing Dynasty, it was known for its Excellence and goodness. He is the author of Hua Yongxuan's Swimming Poems. Jiaqing died in the 19th year (1814). At the age of 86.

Bao xianzhi: a native of Macheng, Hubei province, is a senior general of China People's Liberation Army. He used to be a political commissar of the Third Corps of the China People's Liberation Army and a political commissar of Wanxian Military Division of the East Sichuan Military Region, a secretary of Wanxian prefectural party committee, a director of the political department of Shandong Military Region, a second deputy director of the political department of East China Military Region, a director and deputy political commissar of Nanjing Military Region, and a deputy political commissar of jinan military area command. In September 1955, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant general.

IV.No. of County Wangtang

Bao Kun, a native of Baoding, Hebei Province, was a special engineer of environmental protection, and won the gold medal of environmental protection in Heilongjiang Province in 25 and 26.

1. County Wangtang

Shangdang County: the name of ancient county. Han Shizhi. The Western Han Dynasty moved the eldest son (now southwest of Shanxi Province) and the Eastern Han Dynasty moved Huguan (now Changzhi North of Shanxi Province). In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Shangdang County was Luzhou, and Shangdang was ruled, which is now Changzhi City. Although the jurisdiction of the past dynasties has changed, it is all in the southeast of Shanxi.

Donghai County: Donghai County in Qin and Han Dynasties, governing Tancheng (now north of Tancheng, Shandong Province), which was called Tancheng County at the time of Qin and Han Dynasties. Overseas Chinese in the Eastern Jin Dynasty were placed in the north of Haiyu County (now Changshu, Jiangsu Province) and moved to Jingkou (now Zhenjiang). In the Southern Dynasties, Lian Kou (now Lianshui, Jiangsu Province) was moved to rule. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Haizhou was the county of the East China Sea, and the mountain was ruled (now Haizhou Town, southwest of Lianyungang).

Henan County: There was Henan County in Han Dynasty, namely Sanchuan County of Qin Dynasty, which ruled Luoyang (now northeast of Luoyang, Henan Province). In Sui Dynasty, there was Henan County in Yuzhou, and in Tang Dynasty, it was Henan Prefecture in Luozhou, and its jurisdiction was much smaller than that in Han and Henan counties. Yuan is the road, Ming is the government.

Taishan county: it was founded in the western Han dynasty and ruled by Bo (the old city is in the southeast of Tai 'an, Shandong Province). There was Bo County in Han Dynasty, which was sealed by Gan in Tang Dynasty, and changed to Feng Fu in Song Dynasty, that is, Tai 'an today. Gold buy Taian army, change state. During the reign of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, there was Tai 'an Prefecture, and Dongping, Feicheng and other counties all belonged to this Prefecture. The Republic of China abolished the government.

2. Hall number

Qingyitang: As the saying goes, "The royal family has a ancestral temple, and the people have an ancestral temple". Bao's "Qingyitang" is a memorial hall built to celebrate Bao's fierce privet wives, which is a rare "female shrine" in China. The construction of ancient ancestral temples injected a strong feudal thought. In feudal society, men are the sky and women are the land, and the status of women is absolutely low. In order to be diligent and frugal, abide by filial piety, and fulfill the filial piety of big gifts, many women have become martyrs and virgins. In fact, this is a oppression of women's spirit and a deprivation of a happy life. Therefore, male shrines are larger than female shrines. The reason for the construction of the women's shrine is even more confusing.

The main Tang numbers of Bao surname are: Qingwangtang, Donghai Tang, Yizheng Tang, Shangdang Hall, Wuhe Hall, Taishan Hall, Daocuotang, Henan Hall, Yibaitang, Dunmu Hall and Dunben Hall.

5. Clan characteristics

1. Bao is a surname with many talents and famous family members.

2. The friendship between Guan Bao and Bao is a model of making friends through the ages. Bao Shuya's long affection and friendship for Guan Zhong not only reached the highest and most beautiful personality realm of human beings, but also inspired the descendants of Bao to take this as a model and make friends with sincerity and dedication.

= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

Donghai valve reading.

—— General couplet of ancestral hall with Bao surname written anonymously

The couplet refers to Bao De, a juren from Jingtai in Ming Dynasty, who was born in Shucheng. Knowing Huarong County, promoting studies to persuade farmers, punishing rape and settling grievances, is called "the first place in Xianghu". The second couplet refers to the noble family of Bao from Donghai and other counties.

tokai seze;

the voice of the satrap.

—— The general couplet of the ancestral hall named Bao was written anonymously.

The general couplet refers to Jin Bao Liang, who is the prefect of the East China Sea.

only a lonely goose;

celebrate filial piety.

—— General couplet of ancestral hall with Bao surname written anonymously

The couplet refers to the poem "The Lonely Wild Goose" written by Bao Dang, a priest in Henan Province in the Song Dynasty: "In the cold weather, there are few rice beams, and Wan Li geese enter; I don't hesitate to serve as a soldier, in order to bring a letter to the border city. " Show great appreciation. At that time, people regarded it as "Bao Guyan". The second couplet refers to Bao An, a dutiful son of the Eastern Han Dynasty, whose word is Shu Ya and has filial piety. If you can't even sign, you should be filial. Died at home

elegance in joining the army;

Li Duan Fang.

—— General Union of the Ancestral Hall with Bao surname written anonymously

The All-Union Code refers to Bao Zhao, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, whose name is Ming Yuan, a native of the East China Sea, who was born in poverty. He used to be the commander of Moling and the Sheren of Zhongshu, and later joined the army of Liu Zizhen, the king of Linhai, and was known as Bao Junjun in the world. Liu Zikai failed to arise, and he was also killed by the mutinous soldiers. His poems expressed his dissatisfaction with the political status quo of Tu nationality's autocracy at that time. He was good at Yuefu, especially at seven-character songs, and his style was elegant, which had great influence on poets such as Li Bai and Cen Can in the Tang Dynasty. Also good at fu and parallel prose. There is Bao Shenjun Collection.

Linghui gives tea;

young jun pulls the cart.

—— General couplet of ancestral hall with Bao surname written anonymously

The couplet refers to Bao Zhao's younger sister in the Southern Song Dynasty, with a brilliant word and a literary talent, and she wrote "Xiang Ming Ji". The second couplet refers to Bao Xuan of the Western Han Dynasty, who was willing to stay poor and went home with his wife Huan Shaojun.

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thick friendship is heavy on tertiary teeth.

—— General couplet of the ancestral hall of Bao surname written anonymously

The couplet refers to Bao De, a native of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the great-grandson of Bao Xuan in the Western Han Dynasty, who was the prefect of Nanyang.