What is the first and deepest impression of Chongqing on tourists? Anyone who has been to Chongqing will answer this: Chongqing’s mountains, Chongqing’s water, Chongqing’s city, Chongqing’s night, Chongqing’s hotpot, Chongqing’s beauties, etc. These are the most representative of Chongqing, but they are not all of Chongqing.

Chongqing is a megacity in inland China. On the world map hanging in the United Nations Hall, only the names of four cities in China are marked, one of which is Chongqing. Our city has unique natural geography and distinctive human geography. Almost everyone who comes here can feel a strong visual impact and spiritual shock. In China, you cannot find a city similar to Chongqing. In Chongqing, it is not difficult for you to experience the intersection and collision of tradition and modernity, history and future.

1. City of mountains and rivers - Chongqing’s topography and urban endowment surrounded by mountains and rivers. Chongqing is called the “city of mountains and rivers” because it has Daba Mountain in the north, Wushan in the east, and Wuling in the southeast. Mountains, with Dalou Mountain in the south, the general terrain slopes from north to south towards the Yangtze River Valley, with large fluctuations. The landform is dominated by hills and mountains, with large slopes and typical karst landscapes such as stone forests, peak forests, caves, and canyons. The entire city of Chongqing is full of mountains and undulations. The main city of Chongqing and many district and county cities are completely located on the mountains, making it a typical "mountain city". Chongqing has not only mountains but also water. Chongqing is criss-crossed by rivers. The main stream of the Yangtze River runs across the entire territory from west to east, with a length of 665km. The Jialing River comes from the northwest and merges into the Yangtze River in three directions. The Chongqing section of the main stream of the Yangtze River brings together five major tributaries, including the Jialing River, Qujiang River, Fujiang River, Wujiang River, and Daning River, as well as hundreds of small rivers, plus lakes such as Changshou Lake, Xiaonanhai, and Qinglong Lake. The average annual total water resources is It is about 500 billion m3, ranking first in the country in terms of water area per km2. It is almost no exaggeration to say that the entire city of Chongqing stands on the water. Chongqing's climate is a humid subtropical monsoon climate, with hot summers and warm winters, humid and cloudy weather, high temperatures, a long rainy season, less frost and snow, many cloudy days, and high humidity. At the turn of spring and summer, it always rains at night and clears up during the day. This unique climate creates the poetic "Bashan Night Rain". Li Shangyin, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Night Rain Sends to the North" in Chongqing, vividly depicting the climate characteristics of Chongqing's night rain. "You asked about the return date, but the night rain in Bashan swelled the autumn pond. Why should I cut the candles from the west window, but I said it rained in Bashan night." Bashan Night Rain has become a symbol of affectionate longing and the poetic habitat of Chongqing. The most prominent feature of Chongqing's urban area is its continuous mountains and rivers, undulating hills and rivers, and its strong sense of three-dimensionality and layering. The urban area is located at the intersection of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River, surrounded by mountains, and the main city is surrounded by water on three sides. The entire city is built on mountains and rivers, stacked on top of each other. The Yangtze River and Jialing River pass through the city, and then roll eastward after converging at Chaotianmen. The city has steep slopes and steep roads, overlapping buildings, and the mountains and city merge into one. The city is in the mountain, the mountain is in the water, the city is in the mountain, and the mountain is in the city. The mountain is the city, and the city is the mountain. Therefore, Chongqing is both a "mountain city" and a "river city". As a large city, Chongqing is the only city in the country that is completely built on a mountain surrounded by two rivers. The green coverage rate of the main urban area reaches more than 27.1. The buildings and nature are integrated into one, forming a landscape garden city with unique charm. Moreover, Chongqing's landscape gardens are natural and original mountains and waters, and do not need to be added with rockery, which is rarely found in other big cities. "It would not be beautiful without mountains and water; it would not be strong without water and mountains." Mountains are the pride of Chongqing, creating the grandeur and boldness of Chongqing people; water is the tenderness of Chongqing, giving Chongqing people agility and intelligence. It is the mountains and water that create the soul of Chongqing city and the temperament of Chongqing people. Confucius said, "The wise enjoy water, and the benevolent enjoy mountains." In the modern metropolis Chongqing, you can get straight to the point, see water when you step out of the house, and see the greenery when you open the window. Such zero distance from nature is the greatest happiness for us Chongqing people. The city flower of Chongqing is designated as camellia, because Chongqing has many mountains and water, sufficient water, and humid air, which is very suitable for the growth of camellia. Commonly planted in various public places, scenic spots, courtyards, and terraces in Chongqing, camellias have won the love of Chongqing citizens with their bright and eye-catching colors and enthusiastic flowers.

Nanshan, Geleshan and Liangjiang Binjiang Road are connected with delicious food and beautiful scenery. Sitting on the riverside or in a steamship hotel, watching the magnificent night view, tasting spicy and refreshing food, and dining in the mountains, rivers and countryside, it is so enjoyable! Chongqing people like excitement, do not stick to conventions, and like innovation. Chefs do not like to cook according to recipes. Folk chefs often create various new dishes, which are spread in Chongqing and then spread all over the country. There are many delicious things in Chongqing. For example, the famous Chongqing dishes include: spicy chicken, spring water chicken, tile chicken, saliva chicken, bamboo shoot chicken, Anping chicken, roasted rooster, beggar's chicken, bangbang chicken, and bandit chicken. , roasted pheasant with mountain mushrooms, Qianjiang chicken offal, etc.; ducks include beer duck, fragrant duck, camphor tea duck, cordyceps duck, old duck soup, soaked duck, etc.; fish include dry roasted fish, crispy fish, spicy fish, Boiled fish, phoenix fish, pickled fish, hot pot fish, Tai'an fish, fish in sour soup, Wujiang fish, Baidu fish, bean curd fish, Sanmei fish, Youting crucian carp, etc.; there are also dry stir-fried eel segments, spicy snails, hairy squid, etc. Folk specialties such as Xuewang, spicy crab, bullfrog with pickled pepper, goose palm, rabbit, Chengkou roasted bacon and so on. If you want to try Chongqing snacks, it’s best to go to Jiefangbei Bayi Road’s “Good Food Street”, which sells saliva chicken, shredded chicken tofu, stuffed buns, cold noodles, northern Sichuan jelly, braised duck feet, hot and sour noodles, etc. Famous snacks such as cross-bridge noodles, dandan noodles, chicken fat glutinous rice balls, glutinous rice glutinous rice and so on will make you walk around after eating enough, just regretting that your belly is not big enough. There is a satisfying feeling when eating Chongqing food. Chongqing is a city that makes people drool. Chongqing is a suitable place for living and sightseeing: there are many beauties in Chongqing, which are eye-catching! Hot pot is spicy and good for your mouth! The air humidity is high, which is good for your skin! There are many mountain trails, keep in good health! There are many mountains and forests around, so you can nourish your spirit! ...

4. "Ancient City" - Chongqing's long and profound history and culture Chongqing is a famous historical and cultural city in my country. The Three Gorges area with Chongqing as the center is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. About 2 million years ago, ancient ape-men named "Wushan Man" lived in Wushan. They are one of the most ancient primitive humans on earth discovered by archaeology so far. The "Daxi Culture" in the east of Chongqing and the "Tongliang Culture" in the west are typical representatives of the Paleolithic culture and the Neolithic culture. The Three Gorges region gave birth to the splendid Three Gorges Culture, and also gave birth to the famous Bayu Culture. The history of Chongqing is the history of three capital establishments, three openings and three direct administrations. The capital was established three times: the first capital was established in the 11th century BC. The Ba people established the ancient capital of Ba in Chongqing, called "Jiangzhou". Because the Jialing River merges into the Yangtze River here, the Jialing River was called Yushui in ancient times. The Sui Dynasty established Yuzhou here, so Chongqing was called "Yu" for short. And because this is the place where Zhao Dun, Emperor Guangzong of the Southern Song Dynasty, stayed as a vassal, the house he set up here was called "Chongqing Mansion" to celebrate the double occasion. The name "Chongqing" continues to this day and has a history of more than 800 years. The second time was at the end of the Yuan Dynasty when Ming Yuzhen established his capital in Chongqing and the country was named Daxia. The third time was during the Anti-Japanese War. The National Government moved the capital to Chongqing. Chongqing became the wartime capital of China. In 1940, it was declared as the accompanying capital. It was the highest headquarters of the National Anti-Japanese War and anti-fascism at that time, and the political, economic and cultural center of China's rear area. It became the rear base for the Chinese nation to resist the war and save the nation. Three openings: The first opening was when the great powers forced Chongqing to open its port in 1891 under the "Special Additional Articles of the Sino-British Yantai Treaty". Chongqing officially became a foreign trade port and the "gateway" for Western powers to Sichuan and even the southwest. Among the remote inland areas in China, Chongqing is the earliest city to open up. This opening made Chongqing an industrial center and a transportation center, making it a central city in the interior. The second opening up was in 1937 when it was forced to open up due to the aggression of Japanese imperialism. The influx of a large number of enterprises and talents enabled Chongqing to complete the process of urban modernization during the national defense war. Chongqing has become an international metropolis. The third opening-up was after 1978, when Chongqing took the initiative to join the tide of reform and opening-up, becoming the country's first pilot city for comprehensive reform of the economic system and a city specifically designated in the state plan. This conscious opening up has accelerated the modernization process of Chongqing, and Chongqing has become a modern megacity. Three times of direct administration: The first time of direct administration was in 1935, when Chongqing was upgraded to a municipality directly under the Central Government by the National Government. After the National Government returned its capital to Nanjing, Chongqing remained a municipality directly under the Central Government.

In the early days of the founding of New China, Chongqing became a municipality directly under the central government. It is the seat of the Southwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Southwest Military and Political Commission and the Southwest Military Region. It is the political, economic and cultural center of the southwest region. In 1954, the region was abolished and Chongqing became a municipality under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Province. On March 14, 1997, after review and approval by the Fifth Session of the Eighth National People's Congress, Chongqing officially became the fourth municipality directly under the Central Government and the only municipality in the western region of China. Chongqing was once again established as a municipality directly under the Central Government, which launched the construction of Chongqing. and a new page in the history of development.

The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River: The Three Gorges is a section of the Yangtze River. To understand the Three Gorges, you must first start with understanding the Yangtze River. Everyone is familiar with "Song of the Yangtze River", right? "You came from the snow-capped mountains, and the spring tide was your richness; you ran towards the East China Sea, and the stormy waves were your spirit. You used your sweet milk to nurture the children of all ethnic groups; you used your toned arms to hold up the mountains and the sea. We praise the Yangtze River, you are the source of infinity; we are attached to the Yangtze River, you have the feelings of a mother." This song has become a classic melody of Chinese music. It vividly depicts the majestic and twists and turns of the Yangtze River and expresses the spirit of the Yangtze River. The majestic atmosphere of water rushing all the way from the snow-capped mountains. The Yangtze River is the largest river in my country. It originates from the southwest side of the main peak of the Tanggula Mountains in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Its main stream is more than 6,300 kilometers long, ranking third in the world in length; its drainage area is more than 1.8 million square kilometers. Accounting for about 36% of the total river runoff in China, the water volume ranks third in the world, second only to the Amazon River and the Congo River, and is equivalent to 20 times the water volume of the Yellow River. There are thousands of tributaries of the Yangtze River, the main tributaries include 49 such as Yalong River, Minjiang River, Jialing River, Wujiang River and Hanjiang River. The drainage areas of the four major tributaries of the Jialing River, Minjiang River and Yalong River are more than 100,000 square kilometers. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are the areas with the highest concentration of freshwater lakes in China, mainly including Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Dahu, Chaohu, etc. Commonly used names for different river courses of the Yangtze River include: the area above the mouth of Batang River in Yushu County, Qinghai Province is called Tuotuo River and Tongtian River respectively; the mouth of Batang River to the mouth of Minjiang River in Yibin, Sichuan is called Jinsha River; the area from Yibin to Yichang, Hubei is commonly called Chuanjiang; the area around the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is called Xiajiang; Hubei Zhijiang From the city to Chengling, Yueyang, Hunan, it is commonly known as Jingjiang; the section of the river below Zhenjiang in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, is named Yangtze River because of the Yangtze River ferry in ancient times. The current Yangzijiang River generally refers to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River below Wuhan. The Yangtze River accepts hundreds of rivers and accommodates thousands of flows, and passes through mountains and valleys. It is vast and majestic, forming the world-famous Grand Canyon from Chongqing to Hubei, creating the majestic Three Gorges Hundred Miles Landscape Gallery. The Three Gorges is the collective name for the three canyons of Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. From a natural point of view, the Three Gorges is an iconic section of the beautiful Yangtze River. From a humanistic point of view, the Three Gorges is the splendid movement of the Yangtze River civilization. The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is like a magical natural picture and a cultural and artistic corridor. It is a national-level tourist attraction that integrates sightseeing, scientific research, art appreciation, cultural research, folklore collection, and architectural inspection. The majestic landscape, rich history and culture and numerous historical sites have made the Three Gorges a famous golden tourist route in my country and a world-famous tourist attraction. Because of the Three Gorges, the Yangtze River has become more majestic and the scenery has become particularly beautiful. The scenery of the Three Gorges is the essence of the scenery of the Yangtze River, a treasure in China's landscape. Through the ages, the Three Gorges has left a lasting legacy of poets and poets of all ages visiting the Yangtze River. Tourism in the Three Gorges has always been the unchanging theme of the Yangtze River. The Three Gorges exists because of the Yangtze River, and the Yangtze River is proud of the Three Gorges. The American Roosevelt once said that every American must visit the Grand Canyon because the canyon is breathtakingly carved slowly by time. Compared with the pure roughness of the Colorado Grand Canyon, the Three Gorges more perfectly combines mountains, water, and cultural landscapes. Moreover, the Three Gorges is the only one of the top five grand canyons in the world that can be visited by boat on the river. . There are many big rivers in the world, as well as many grand canyons, but either there are rivers without gorges, or there are gorges without rivers. Only the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in my country has the scenery of both a famous big river and a majestic canyon. If the Yangtze River is a symphony, then entering the Three Gorges begins its most colorful movement. Part 2: Creation of the Three Gorges (Introduction to the geographical evolution of the Three Gorges) The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River are a masterpiece of nature. There are many beautiful legends about the formation of the Three Gorges.

The most typical and widely circulated is the saying that "Dayu opened the river", which means that the main stream of the Yangtze River did not flow down through the current Three Gorges at first, but flowed through the ancient Nanjiang River "Lunshui". Due to the flooding of the world at that time, Dayu destroyed Wushan and allowed the river to pass eastward. Finally, the Yangtze River "flowed eastward and entered the five lakes (Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake, Taihu Lake, Hongze Lake, and Chaohu Lake in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River). The Three Gorges From then on, the water flowed smoothly, and the main stream of the Yangtze River changed from its current river course (i.e., Beijiang). There are historical records of Dayu guiding the river to control the Three Gorges. Celebrities have discussed it. (See Attachment 1 for another legend.) These beautiful myths and legends about the formation of the Three Gorges only reflect the strong desire of the ancient people in their long-term struggle against floods. From the perspective of geological development, the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River are obviously not artificially dug or created. The work of ghosts and axes is the result of the changes in sea and land and the development of rivers caused by intense orogeny. In ancient times, the Three Gorges area was a vast sea 180 million years ago. The Indosinian orogeny formed the land of South China and the land of North China into a whole. China's terrain is higher in the east and lower in the west. The southwest region is still part of the ancient Mediterranean. The ancient Yangtze River flowed from east to west to the ancient Mediterranean 70 million years ago. , the Yanshan orogeny caused the Wushan Mountains to rise from north to south, cutting off the ancient Yangtze River. As a result, the ancient Yangtze River east of Wushan flowed eastward, and the ancient Yangtze River west of Wushan still flowed westward 40 million years ago at the beginning of the Cenozoic Era. The extraordinary momentum of the Himalayan orogeny caused the western region of China to rise rapidly, forming the world's third highest peak and the entire Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, as well as China's topography of high in the west and low in the east, forcing the vast western water to flow eastward to wash away and cut the Yangtze River. Wushan Mountains. The Yangtze River rushes left and right, and finally the waves split open the Wushan Mountains, forming the magnificent and unique Three Gorges Grand Canyon of the Yangtze River. From then on, the Yangtze River continues to roll forward. "! (The stages of the formation of the Three Gorges are shown in Appendix 2) The Three Gorges emerged from the sky. It is a miraculous geographical wonder and a majestic, majestic, dangerous and strange natural beauty. It is a stunning masterpiece carved and carved by the Creator on the earth. The Three Gorges is the creation of nature. Among the miracles left by sports on the surface of the earth, the most thrilling, most majestic and wonderful chapter is a miracle created by nature. On both sides of the Three Gorges, you can enjoy rare canyon landforms, cave landscapes, famous mountains and waterscapes, primeval forests and ancient forests. More than 4,000 years of history and culture and relics of ancient human activities 2 million years ago. The mountains are the skeleton and body of the Three Gorges; the water is the soul and blood of the Three Gorges. The Three Gorges preserves extremely rare and complete paleontological data and geology in the world. Geomorphological phenomenon, it is the largest national geological park in China and is known as the "Geological Museum". Part 3: History of the Three Gorges (introducing the history of the civilization development of the Three Gorges) The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is not only a grand canyon in the geographical sense, but also the earliest inhabited area in my country and even Asia. One of the areas of ancient human beings is one of the earliest birthplaces of ancient human civilization in China and the world. The famous paleoanthropologist Pei Wenzhong once predicted: "We now call Peking Man our ancestors, but the ancestors of Peking Man." Where are the ancestors? I think we should explore the area around the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. "Now, archaeologists have found out the general outline of human activities in the Three Gorges in a large number of ruins. In the Longgu Slope of Wushan, a Paleolithic site, ancient human fossils dating back more than 2 million years have been discovered, proving that the "Wushan people" are the most important people in the world. The earliest human being discovered so far; the Neolithic Age site Daxi Culture shows the ingenuity of the people in the Three Gorges area; the ancient Ba people's sites and cemeteries in the Three Gorges area reflect that the Three Gorges is the political, economic, and cultural center of the Ba people, and is the key to unraveling the problem. An important place in the history of the ancient Ba people. The Yangtze River civilization is comparable to the Yellow River civilization. The Three Gorges is also one of the important birthplaces of ancient Chinese culture. It is another cradle and important channel of Chinese civilization. In the course of history, the Yangtze River connects the two. The Wuyue culture in the lower reaches, the Jingchu culture in the middle reaches, and the Bashu culture in the upper reaches, and the Three Gorges, like a huge knot, connects the Jianghan Plain and the Chengdu Plain, connecting the Bashu civilization and Jingchu civilization, creating a complete Yangtze River civilization. .

Xia, Shang and Zhou ruins on both sides of the Three Gorges, Qin Dynasty Plank Road, Chu Kingdom Balcony, Fengdu Ghost Town, Zhongxian Shibaozhai, Fengjie Baidi City, Yunyang Zhangfei Temple, Yiling (Hubei Yichang) ancient battlefield, Qu Yuan’s hometown, Zhaojun’s hometown Ancient buildings and cultural relics such as the Eight Formations, Yong'an Palace, Fuling Baiheliang, and Huangling Temple are integrated with the majestic natural landscape, unfolding a huge volume of thousands of years of cultural history to people. It can be said that the Baili Three Gorges is an umbilical cord that has nurtured five thousand years of Chinese civilization. Without this passage, the cultural history of the Chinese nation would be incomplete. Part 4: The Magnificent Three Gorges (introducing the natural scenery of the Three Gorges) The Three Gorges is the most memorable landscape in China. The "Song of the Yangtze River" included in the primary school textbook has made many people understand the majesty of the Yangtze River for the first time; the middle school textbook Li Bai's "Chao Ci" Bai Di's famous poem "Amidst the colorful clouds, thousands of miles of rivers and tombs return in one day, the apes on both sides of the bank can't stop crying, the boat has passed the Ten Thousand Mountains", and Liu Baiyu's "Three Gorges of the Yangtze River", let us further appreciate the majesty and magnificence of the Three Gorges; Yu Qiuyu In the article "Cultural Journey·Three Gorges", Mr. vividly rendered the unique scenery and artistic conception of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, which deepened our impression of the Three Gorges time and time again. The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River starts from Baidi City in Fengjie, Chongqing in the west and ends at Nanjinguan in Yichang, Hubei in the east, with a total length of 193 kilometers. The Three Gorges scenery we usually refer to refers to the scenery of the Xiajiang River with a total length of 600 kilometers from Chongqing to Yichang. The entire Three Gorges is located among lofty mountains, with high mountains and deep valleys on both sides, cliffs and beautiful peaks. The Three Gorges is "an all-encompassing landscape with mountains, rivers, gorges, forests, springs, and caves; it is majestic, beautiful, precipitous, and secluded, and is full of wonders." Its spectacular scenery and grand atmosphere occupy all the natural scenery in the world.