Keywords: primary school; Music class; Students; Grasp the rhythm; Cultivating
music is an art and an artistic expression that reflects the feelings of human real life. In primary school, music class as an independent discipline, for many music teachers, music is not as important as Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages. As a subject in primary school, music teaching is actually very important, not only to cultivate students' hobbies, but also to cultivate students' ability to feel, express and appreciate music [1].
1 the value of cultivating pupils' sense of music rhythm
[if! supportLists]1.1? [endif] is conducive to cultivating students' musical perception and aesthetic ability
The sense of rhythm is the premise and foundation of learning music, but in fact, the sense of rhythm varies from person to person, and the same music is different for different students. German music educators Karl Orff once said that "the sense of rhythm is the life of sound." Cultivating students' sense of music rhythm in primary school can give full play to students' ability to appreciate music, further cultivate students' aesthetic ability to music, and give full play to people's subjective initiative with a good sense of rhythm, thus improving students' ability to appreciate, understand and even create music [2].
[if ! supportLists]1.2? [endif] is conducive to the sentiment of Tao Zhi students and sublimates their emotions.
The sense of rhythm is an organic part of music, and primary school students' understanding of music is at a relatively simple stage. In music learning, cultivating their initial sense of rhythm is to let them have a preliminary grasp of music, feel the wonderful melody of different songs, and naturally like music learning and feel the charm of music. After a preliminary understanding of the sense of rhythm in music, people are fascinated and then realize life, which is a process of cultivating sentiment, inspiring, purifying and sublimating the mind for primary school students.
1.3.? Conducive to the training and improvement of students' intelligence
Pupils' senses are in a stage of development and perfection. Cultivating their sense of rhythm at this stage can promote students' sense development, feel the rhythm of music in beautiful melodies, and experience the coordination and cooperation of listening to music every time. On the one hand, it can adjust students' body and mind, on the other hand, it can promote the harmonious and healthy development of students' body and mind in music rhythm teaching. At the same time, in the teaching of music rhythm, it can expand students' memory, understanding and imagination, and enhance students' interest in knowledge and the outside world and their motivation to learn [3].
2 basic methods to cultivate students' sense of rhythm
2.1 posture teaching method
The so-called posture teaching method is a teaching method that combines the rhythm of songs with the rhythm of limbs in music teaching, and it is a method that requires the combination of limbs and rhythms. In primary school music teaching, posture teaching method is more common, which can make students feel the rhythm through the rhythm of their limbs, and different songs will give students different feelings, which also plays an important role in training students' physical coordination ability.
For example, when leading students to learn the song "The Train is Leaving", we can adopt the posture teaching method. Before the formal start of teaching, the teacher first organizes the students to stand in a row of simulated trains. Using the image of the train, when learning songs, everyone imitates the sound when the train starts. In order to better bring students' interest in learning, they can also clap their hands and step on their feet to realize the roar of the train. Make full use of the sound of "train" and the rhythm of songs, so that students can clearly feel the existence of rhythm through the rhythm of their limbs and cultivate their sense of rhythm. Adopting posture teaching is not only an effective way for students to change intangible things into tangible forms of expression, but also an effective way to make full use of students' interests in music teaching, to guide students to perceive music works through various physical work, and to better enable students to cooperate with music teaching.
2.2 rhythm atlas method
Primary school students have rich imagination. When learning to sing songs, in order to arouse students' sensory function, you can also use rhythm atlas method, that is, using staff and notation to assist teaching, with the help of staff and notation, let students understand the influence of rhythm on music. However, for primary school students, the staff is actually very boring, and learning to read the staff is not easy to be interested, which requires teachers to innovate the existing music staff teaching. On the one hand, they should understand the psychological changes of students and innovate the teaching form. On the other hand, they should find ways to make the form and appearance of the chart more novel and lively, and attract students' interest in reading the staff [4].
For example, in teaching, if teachers want to use the rhythm chart method, they can make each staff note jump, so as to attract students' attention and increase learning interest. While singing, beat the beat with the beating notes again and again, and use graphics to express the notes and show different rhythms, so that students can learn while playing and accept music rhythm teaching more easily.
2.3 percussion instrument method
percussion instruments are the easiest to intuitively feel the rhythm characteristics of music, so that they can feel the rhythm of music in full interest. Using percussion instruments in primary school music teaching can attract students' attention, and students' interest in learning depends on the guidance of teachers to a great extent, thus enhancing the fun of learning. This requires teachers to enhance their professional quality, learn to use different musical instruments when they are teaching music, and combine percussion instruments with music teaching in teaching, show students the rhythm of music with different musical instruments in class, and conduct perceptual training for students when they are full of strong interest in music, so that students can experience the rhythm through the playing of musical instruments, improve the quality of music rhythm teaching, and help students understand more musical instruments [4].
3 Effective countermeasures to cultivate students' sense of music rhythm
3.1. Cultivate students' interest in learning music
Interest is the best teacher. In primary school music teaching, if students like music and are very interested in singing songs, they will actively explore and devote themselves wholeheartedly; If students have no interest in learning, no matter how well a primary school music teacher teaches, students will not grow up in music learning or touch music creation. Therefore, as a primary school music teacher, we should pay special attention to the stimulation and cultivation of students' interest in music. When teaching students music, we should make full use of the ideological and emotional education of music works, grasp the sense of rhythm, shock students' hearts, cultivate students' sentiments, and really let them be in the music and its rhythm, so as to feel the beauty of listening to music [5? ]。
When cultivating students' interest in music learning, music teachers must accurately grasp students' physical and mental characteristics and teaching rules, and cultivate students' interest in singing according to teaching requirements. For example, when teachers teach students to listen to March of the Volunteers, the national anthem, they can make a simple scene review according to the flag-raising ceremony of the school, so that students can understand the meaning of its lyrics and deepen their understanding of the songs, and then let them listen to the songs. In order to show the progressive rhythm in songs, it is necessary to grasp the clarion call in songs and emphasize "forward" again, to describe the emotional changes of music differently, to enrich students' emotional experience, and to further deepen students' grasp of March of the Volunteers's rhythm in the scene of raising the national flag in real life.
3.2 Experience, generate and develop the sense of rhythm in practice
In fact, the songs in primary school music textbooks are simple and cheerful. In order to cultivate primary school students' sense of rhythm, teachers should not only be good at using the training methods of sense of rhythm, but also take it as an important teaching content in primary school music teaching, and combine the training of sense of rhythm with music teaching, so as to cultivate primary school students' aesthetic ability and musical expression when teaching primary school students to sing and listen to music. Combining the practice of primary school music teaching for many years, it is also an effective method for primary school music teaching to go to nature and experience the sense of rhythm in practice [6].
For example, in music teaching, teachers can also take students out of the classroom, take them to nature and guide them to listen to the beauty of rhythm in life. In factories, construction sites and roadside, I feel the roar of machines and the whistle of cars. Or teachers can play their own pre-recorded sounds of nature by means of information technology in life, so that students can feel the beauty of music rhythm and feel the role of rhythm in music, so as to master this sense of rhythm in music teaching.
3.3 A variety of teaching methods to cultivate students' perception of music rhythm
There are many methods to cultivate students' sense of music rhythm. In order to make their music classes more lively, teachers need to use these teaching methods according to their students' characteristics, combined with students' body rhythm, and generate and develop corresponding rhythm consciousness on this basis. Use percussion instruments to cultivate students' ability to grasp the rhythm of music bit by bit [7].
for example, when learning the song "nunchakus", teachers can comprehensively use percussion instruments and body rhythm teaching methods to read the lyrics according to the beat, rhythm, pitch and speed of sound of the song, and also make lively and cheerful students in the class imitate the nunchakus performance, which will drive students to feel the rhythm of the song through slapping, running, hopping, swinging and jumping, and have a preliminary perception.
Conclusion
Based on the requirements of the new curriculum standards, exploring efficient music classroom teaching in primary schools has become an important topic in the new curriculum reform, and it is also very necessary to cultivate the sense of rhythm of primary school students in efficient classrooms. In music teaching in primary schools, teachers should grasp the music classroom well, use a variety of rhythm teaching methods comprehensively, create a relaxed teaching environment, completely change the traditional teaching concept, and rationally use teaching methods to continuously improve students' sense of music rhythm.