Many sound engineers and tuners often find it difficult to operate when faced with a dazzling array of audio equipment. Now we introduce some tuning operation techniques to readers.

The human ear is relatively sensitive to timbre, and it can directly determine whether the sound is realistic. If the timbre is not processed well, it will not only make the sound monotonous and boring, but also cause serious distortion of the instrument or singing. Therefore, the importance of timbre processing cannot be ignored. For female voices, the treble seems too much and the sound is "sharp". In order to make the sound loud and not too harsh, the 400Hz frequency component can generally be compensated.

Good sound quality lies in audio debugging. The tuning master will teach you a few tips on how to adjust the reverberation time. Reverberation usually determines the length of the reverberation and has a direct impact on the color and clarity of the sound.

Generally speaking, when a bass sings, the reverberation time can be adjusted shorter to improve the clarity of the sound; if a soprano sings, the reverberation time can be appropriately extended to increase the sound clarity. color.

For singing venues, if the walls around the room are made of wooden boards, the reverberation time should be adjusted smaller to prevent the sound from being blurred; conversely, if the room is hung with velvet curtains and other absorbent materials, the reverberation time should be smaller. Acoustic materials, such a room should increase the reverberation time to avoid dry sound.

In addition, the number of spectators and listeners at the scene also has a great impact, because the audience's clothing also has a great sound absorption effect. Therefore, sound engineers and tuners can choose a suitable reverberation time between 1 and 2 seconds. How to adjust the ratio of direct sound and reverberation sound components? Complete direct sound without reverberation sound output will not improve the performance and It beautifies the sound, so it is usually only used for speeches or recitations in meetings. Appropriately increasing the proportion of reverberation components will help simulate natural reverberation, making the sound plump and pleasant, and can increase the audience's three-dimensional sense of the scene. Completely reverberated sound without direct sound component output will cause the sound to be "colored" and cause serious distortion. In other words, the sound will be as unclear as the sound heard in a bathroom or bathhouse. People in the industry call it "bathroom sound". effect". Therefore, if there are no special requirements, the knob can be adjusted to the middle position, that is, the ratio of direct sound component to reverberation sound component is 1:1. In this way, the sound will not be distorted, but will also have a certain reverberation effect. .

How to adjust the ratio between microphone volume and accompaniment music

A good song should have accompaniment music accounting for 40% and singing voice accounting for 40%. 60%. If the singer's tone is good, the weight of some accompaniment music can be appropriately reduced to highlight the singer's singing voice; if the singer is not very familiar with the melody of the song, it is easy to sing out of tune and not in time. In order to To cover up these shortcomings, you can appropriately increase the weight of some accompaniment music. However, during specific operations, care should be taken not to increase the microphone volume too much, let alone to sing at a volume much higher than the accompaniment music. The result is that the accompaniment sound is too weak, and most of the time only the singer's voice is heard, as if a person is singing a cappella, and the atmosphere of karaoke is lost; but the accompaniment sound should not be too strong, as the accompaniment sound is too strong, and it will be "drowned" "The singer's singing sounds like it's just a band playing music, and you can't understand the singer's mood.

How to adjust the tone of the accompaniment music

The accompaniment music is played according to the tone of the original singer. It cannot adapt to the noise conditions of each singer. For example, some original singers The vocal range of the singer is relatively high, and some original singers sing in a relatively low range. In order to allow the accompaniment music to take into account the noise characteristics of each singer, sound engineers and tuners should have a sensitive hearing for the vocal characteristics of the singers. reaction. When singing, first place the tone control in the middle position. Since it does not increase, it does not decrease. At the beginning of the song, if the singer can tune up, there is no need to adjust it; on the contrary, if the singer feels that the bass range cannot sing, or the high range cannot keep up, the transmitted pitch can be adjusted to the singer's adaptability according to the actual situation. Sound area. Tuning is a very artistic operation process. It requires the tuner to have a good sense of music and understanding, a high level of musical accomplishment, and a sensitive auditory response to the scene, so that the sound produced can be accepted by the audience.

1. Tuning of the host

Most of the hosts are ladies, and their voice characteristics are clear, smooth and rich. On expression. She can influence the mood of the audience, so tune her tone well.

Low tone type: soft-spoken, delicate emotions, can be picked up at close range, the microphone is very close to the mouth, which can increase the sense of intimacy, and can pick up thin and weak tones. Its disadvantage is that there is a proximity effect and the low frequency is too strong.

Specific processing methods:

To attenuate LF: attenuate about 6dB near 100Hz, and the maximum attenuation can be 10dB.

For MID: 3-6dB boost at 250Hz-2kHz. 250Hz-2kHz is an important frequency band for language.

For HF: the frequency band above 6KHz is attenuated by 3-6dB to reduce high-frequency noise.

Do not use effects processors for reverberation (REV) and echo (ECHO) processing on the host's microphone, otherwise the realism and intimacy will be lost.

2. Tuning for ordinary people

In the singing hall, there are some singing enthusiasts and amateur singers, and some people are just for entertainment. , they mostly sing for themselves. Some of them have not received basic professional training, lack singing skills, and there are even people who are not good at making noises and cannot use microphones. Among them, male voices are prone to larynx and hoarseness, and female voices are prone to breath noise and vocal cord noise.

In order to eliminate the above phenomenon, the following specific processing methods are adopted.

Cut off below 100Hz to eliminate low-frequency noise and make the sound purer.

A small amount of attenuation is required at 500-800Hz to prevent the sound from being too stiff.

Boost the MID frequency band by 3-6dB to enhance the brightness and make the sound clear and bright;

Most people’s voices are low and lack loudness, so the volume should be turned up louder ; You can also increase the frequency in the 200-300Hz range to increase the loudness of the sound.

>Amateur singers do not have a large dynamic range, so do not use automatic volume control.

3. Tuning of professional singers

There are often professional singers in the karaoke hall. They are invited to the karaoke hall by friends and sometimes sing two songs. Friends and guests added to the fun. Professional singers have a resounding voice, and have a certain level of basic skills in vocalization, sighing, articulation, and singing, and everyone has a certain singing style.

Tuning requirements:

It is necessary to understand the singer’s timbre characteristics, network genre, high, medium and low overtone characteristics;

It is necessary to understand the singer’s vocal range width and Dynamic range;

Be familiar with the song, lyrics and emotions, and the basic techniques for adjusting the sound should be consistent with the artistic conception of the song;

Pay attention to the style of the song and the singer's singing mood;

The grade of the microphone should be higher: wide frequency response, small distortion, and large dynamics.

The actors stand on the singing stage and use the sound field of the singing stage to make their timbre include both electric and natural sounds. Therefore, the music scene is required to have good acoustic characteristics.

Female voice: Female voice is prone to produce S sound (hiss) in the high frequency part; it is attenuated by 3dB at 7-10KHz, which can eliminate the S sound.

Male voice: Male voice has a lower range than female voice An 8-degree interval, one octave lower in frequency, is attenuated by about 3dB at 100Hz, which can increase clarity.