What is music criticism? What is the nature of music criticism? What are the properties of music criticism? This is the first question that music criticism must answer. It should be noted that here, the nature and attributes of music criticism, which is one of the research objects of music criticism, are the nature and attributes of music criticism in a general sense, rather than the attributes and nature of concern in specific types of music criticism. . Studying the nature and attributes of music criticism at this level is understood by comparing and contrasting music criticism with other aspects of music activities. In other words, it is necessary to study the relationship between music creation, music performance, music education, and music appreciation. The nature and characteristics of music criticism with essential differences. The essence of music criticism is the question of what music criticism is. Xue Liang believes that "music criticism is a universal artistic psychological activity and a response to musical stimulation, and response also means evaluation" [1]. Xiu Jintang believes that “the essence of comment is evaluation, that is, value judgment of the object being evaluated” [2]. In "Introduction to Art", the editor believes that "from a certain class standpoint and point of view, evaluating the success and failure of works of art and writers and artists, the merits and demerits, is art criticism, which can also be called art criticism." [3 ] From the above point of view, it can be seen that at present, the understanding of the essence of music criticism is still limited to the scope of evaluation. The author believes that the word "evaluation" cannot comprehensively summarize and reflect the entire essence of music criticism. In addition to evaluation, music criticism also has aspects of analysis, summary, research, and creation. For example, Dai Penghai's comments on the music education practice of the musician Mr. He Luting in the article "Comprehensive Music Education Practice" [4] are essentially a summary of the music education practice activities involved in Mr. He Luting's life; while Cai Zhongde's " The review of musician Qingzhu's musical aesthetic thoughts in the article "Review of Qingzhu's Musical Aesthetic Thoughts" [5] more clearly shows the analysis and research side. Dai Penghai's review of the musical characteristics of the opera "Ohno Yoshiki" in his article "The Achievements of Courageous Exploration—Musical Characteristics of the Opera "Ohno Yoshiki" and Others" [6] focuses on research. To sum up, the author believes that: Generally speaking, the essence of music criticism is the theoretical study of music phenomena, which is the sum of analysis, summary and evaluation of music phenomena. In the practice of specific music criticism, the research, analysis, summary, evaluation and other aspects of the review of a specific music phenomenon may not necessarily cover all aspects, but focus on it. Since music criticism is a branch of musicology, in essence, music criticism and musicology have the same observation object, that is, music phenomena. However, the two have different perspectives and research purposes on the same musical phenomenon. Musicology studies music phenomena from a macro perspective and studies music phenomena as an artistic phenomenon. Musicology studies music phenomena in order to understand the nature, attributes, production, development, effects, functions and other laws of music art. The study of music phenomena in music criticism is from a relatively microscopic perspective, studying music phenomena as a specific link in music art activities. The study of music phenomena by music criticism is not a direct understanding and exploration of the laws of music art, but through the analysis, research and evaluation of specific music phenomena, it actively guides the development of music art phenomena in the right direction and promotes the main melody of the times. Give full play to the positive role of music art and music criticism in promoting the construction of social material civilization and spiritual civilization, and avoid the negative impact of music art phenomena and music criticism on social life.