Taking the music in "Gone with the Wind" and IX The Dream of the Red Coat as the starting point, it shows the differences between Chinese and Western art music in terms of voice, tone, instrument, etc.

Comparative study. The author believes that the differences between Chinese and Western art music are fundamentally rooted in their own cultural relationships. |!:: The same.

lKeywords film and television music tone device natural and artificial catastrophe

Introducing Cao

The film and television art music discussed in this topic refers to Chinese and Western works

Famous, already classic, and artistic film and television dramas

Plot music: The so-called Central and Western Art Music also refers to those that have become

classics. Can embody national characteristics, regional characteristics, and artistic classic music.

Movie music is a new music genre that developed with modern film art

. It is an organic

component of the film art complex. Film music has an important influence and role in highlighting the lyricism and drama of the film and highlighting the plot. Music

has become the finishing touch and golden touch of excellent film and television dramas: it is an indispensable part of film and television.

Excellent, classic film and television drama music is often unforgettable.

These music often have an important characteristic. It is rich in

nationality and regional characteristics. Such as film and television music represented by the movie "Gone with the Wind" and the TV series "A Dream of Red Mansions:" (hereinafter "Bei Lu Chaan" and "Red").

These music are often closely related to one's own cultural background, values, and cognitive system

. Appreciating such works often gives people a different aesthetic experience. If we compare the above two Chinese and Western film and television music with completely different styles, we find that Western film and television art music represented by "Ran" The creations are generally based on European classical music. That is to say

In other words, whether it is the orchestra's formation, orchestration, sound, or tonal color

application, they are almost all based on the skeleton of Western symphonic music

p>

Professor of plot creation. The national music of "Coin Dip Red" is based

on the basis of national orchestral music. It is based on the national musical instruments, the national tonality and color, and the national orchestration and arrangement.

For example, in the Western film and television music represented by "ILl," we

sometimes feel the majestic and overall uniformity of the background music. Sometimes I feel

the subtle chirping of the strings, which is beautiful and gorgeous, sometimes I feel the woodwind

as warm as spring, and the eloquent words: and sometimes I feel the thunderous waves of the brass.

The waves and dark clouds are overwhelming. The same aesthetic experience can also be found in the TV series "Red". However, the generation of this kind of sensory experience is obviously different from the above and is caused by another kind of sound and color material. Take string music as an example. What we hear in "Red" is the singing, talking, and narration of the Hu Qin, which is almost like a human voice: while in "Chaos", the string music is almost

You can hardly hear this kind of singing and narration that is close to the human voice. What you feel more

is the almost artificial and mediocre "instrumental sound" performance of the overall string music.

Similar situations can also be found in the tonality of the music itself, the materials of the musical instruments, notation methods, and many other aspects.

Therefore. This topic takes "tL) and "Red" as the starting point to do some comparative research on some aspects of music ontology and extension. This

body mainly involves some physical, concrete, and technical

level ontological forms. Extension mainly involves metaphysical cultural ideas, values, philosophical cognitions and other abstract forms that have a concrete impact on the ontology of music.

Sound

The "sound" referred to here refers to the timbre characteristics of Central and European music

. That is, the sound quality characteristics of the music. Chinese scholars believe that the timbre of Chinese musical instruments is significantly different from that of European musical instruments. The timbre of European musical instruments is far away from the human voice, while Chinese musical instruments are close to it. p>

Voice 1]. The so-called "instrument sound" also means. This kind of sound does not exist in nature

. It is the result of man-made creation. The so-called "human voice". It means that the sound produced by the musical instrument is close to the sound of natural people.

European musical instruments have completed their own standardization and

unification very early, and have processed music into a rather abstract formal system

, This determines a prominent tendency in the sound production of European musical instruments: the sound quality is as far away from the "human voice" as possible and closer to the "instrument sound". The musical instruments used in European classical art music are all man-made instruments.

The result that is close to the "instrument sound" can make instruments of various materials and various parts obtain a kind of "harmony" and "harmony" in timbre. The effect of "communication", "coordination and unification". This kind of unique timbre can make many instruments with different parts and different materials. Obtain an overall organic and effective integration

effect when playing. This greatly improves the overall performance of the band.

What we hear in European classic music such as "Gone with the Wind" and "Yesenia"

is this kind of performance that is close to "instrument sound".

This kind of timbre is "harmony", "perfectly coherent", "coordinated and unified", or

it is "moderate", its characteristics are not obvious and its personality is not obvious. It is not prominent, but emphasizes the organic integration of the whole. Even when a certain group such as brass or strings is used alone, this kind of timbre is implemented without jeopardizing the coordination and unity of the overall timbre.

The timbre of Chinese music has entered an aesthetic that regards folk music as the beauty and the human voice as the beauty since the pre-Qin period when rituals and music collapsed

Beauty value orientation. It has not transcended itself from the human voice

, abstracted it into a simple formal system, and entered the general "instrument sound".

But it always stays at the level of natural and spontaneous "human voice".

Always consider being close to the human voice as your highest intellectual interest.

From another level. The reason why Chinese musical instruments are close to the "human sound" is not only directly related to the collapse of rituals and music mentioned above, but it is also closely related to its thousands of years of tradition. connect. Ancient

people said: "Layers are rewarded for work. Singing is also a virtue. The singer is at the top and the bamboo is at the bottom." 2o "Shang Shu Great Pollination i" It says: "In ancient times, when emperors sang "Green Temple", they practiced the strings of the big qin to reach greater heights, and the strings of the big harp with Zhu strings reached greater heights. They used Wei as drums. They did not use the sound of yu harp. Chaotic noise”[3]. This shows that it was in the pre-Qin period. Singing with the human voice is higher than other musical instruments

in terms of its status. The song of Xianghe, which was popular in the Han Dynasty, has a record of "thousands of people singing ten thousand people's harmony". Duan Anjie's "Yuefu Miscellanies" of the Tang Dynasty said: "The singer is the sound of music. Therefore, silk is not as good as bamboo. Bamboo is not as good as meat, and it ranks first among all pleasures" [4]. Chen B's "Music of Music" says: "There is no reason for the top. There is something waiting

for the bottom." Human voice means "no reason", so it is precious: bamboo, then " [5] This shows that singing in ancient China has always had a higher status than instrumental music, and it has played a role in the development of instrumental music. p>

It has an important influence.

To modern times, the development of Chinese musical instruments is also based on the principle of "thread is not as good as bamboo." The aesthetic concept of "bamboo is not as good as meat" has been carried out. Recently, "human voice" has become

the value and aesthetic standard of all musical instruments. Looking at China's "silk" music

the piano, The timbres of harp, pipa, erhu and other musical instruments almost all have the characteristics of "human voice". These instruments are among the accompaniments of different operas and rap music in various places. Today, we can also imitate various human voices and animal sounds. In "Hongshao", we listen to the stringed Huqin playing, just like the human voice. It is a general narrative, full of the bitterness, sourness and sweetness of the world: listening to the timbre of the guzheng seems to express the fragile woman's character. This characteristic.

The differences between China and the West in their pursuit of "instrument sound" and "human voice" are closely related to their respective

cultural systems.

< p>The relationship is between conquering and being conquered, knowing and being known, which gave rise to the knowledge system of understanding the laws of conquering the natural world.

Western musical instrument manufacturing. At the same time, it is deeply influenced by this traditional concept system. As for the violin, its timbre is abstract and independent of the objective environmental factors of region, country, and era. It can exert its expressive power

and can play almost any role suitable for its voice.

It is the same as the violin.

Music instruments also have the same effect. //

Chinese musical instruments, which are different from Western instruments, pay attention to individuality, independence of color and unique expression. In reality

in life, long-term constraints from feudal ethics have made the ancient Chinese

be more effective in art that mainly reflects the subjective inner spirit.

Free and easy, unique and refined. The tone of music closely related to this is also affected by it. It is very different from the ethical and orderly feudal order. ．Personality is extremely

prominent, public, free and easy, and free.

Take the effect of the band performance in the dramas "Lan" and "Red" as an example.

The band performance in "Lan" is almost strictly regular. Uniform and highly logical.

The focus is on highlighting the whole. The music in "Red" focuses

on highlighting the character's personality, so the orchestration of different colors of musical instruments

has poor integration, and the orchestra is mostly small. Especially when some characters such as maids and servants with full personality are highlighted. The orchestration is even more unique. It brings the individuality of national instrumental music to the extreme.

Therefore, the differences between the two can be traced back to the differences in their respective cultures,

philosophies, and value systems.

Tune

The tune mentioned here refers to the Central European modal system. Also

it is the way music is organized. The difference in tonal mode formed by the way music is organized is also one of the reasons for the fundamental difference between Chinese and European art music.

The modal structure of the Western music system is based on the four-note sequence. There are three different four-tone leks that form twelve modes. These modes are called "medieval modes" or "ecclesiastical modes." During the Renaissance

In professional creation, it was combined with folk modes to evolve into natural major modes: Aeolian mode, Phrygian mode and poly

Leah modes also gradually merged into a group and evolved into natural minor. Later, it evolved further and gradually formed harmonic major and melody major. Both major and minor keys are seven-tone modes.

Later it developed into the twelve equal temperament system.

Wanfang Data

Different from the Western mode system, the Chinese music mode

is composed of five tones. Each mode composed of the pentatonic scale is collectively called "pentatonic mode". According to "Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng, Yu". ttl:; N position

is different. There are five types of five-tone modes, such as Gong mode, Shang mode, Jiao mode, Zheng mode, and Yu mode. In traditional Chinese culture,

"Five Tones" is the name of the ancients and belongs to the ancient philosophy of Yin-Yang and Five Elements.

In Chinese music theory. The "pentatonic scale" plays a very important role

. It is the basis of various musical scales in traditional music. "Zuo Zhuan·Zhao Gong

Twenty-five Years" states: "For nine songs, eight winds, seven tones, six rhythms, and to serve five

Sound"[6. The ancients called scales with more than five tones, such as the basic "five tones" of the heptatonic scale, "five tones". In China, there are also various seven-tone scales. It is a scale composed of seven "tones". These seven tones

just do not play a major role in Yang b. It plays an auxiliary role in "Five Tones"

.

Comparatively speaking. There are certain differences between the Chinese five-tone system and the Western seven-tone system. The pentatonic scale is relatively concise, simple, simple

pure, with prominent tonality, distinctive personality and unique regional style. Big jumps in the fourth and fifth degrees of the main melody are common. This does not

spoil the plot. On the contrary, it makes the plot more compact and concise. The Western seven-tone system is relatively complex, refined and delicate. The language of the music is clear and coherent, the regional styles are relatively close, and the expression techniques of the same musical ideas are similar. In "Chaos8". The whole string section's portrayal of Scarlett's heart is delicate, refined and measured, which is also found in other Western classic film and television music such as (Yesenia:} Similar techniques.

Compared with the Western seven-tone system, there is no distinction between which one is advanced and which one is backward, just like "Luan Huan He". p>

"Hongshabu" are both excellent and classic works. The difference lies in the different styles. The differences in styles come from their different cultures

System. Chinese art has always followed the path of reducing complexity to simplicity.

The chimes in the pre-Qin period were also complicated, standardized and unified.

The tone used was also seven-tone. . Later, it became more and more simple.

Influenced by this, some film and television music creations with national characteristics were almost all based on the Western style. It is a process from tube to complexity, from simple chants in early churches to complex symphonies in later years, the development of European art music and its science. >

The development of technology and culture is very similar. The creation of film and television music is no exception.

The development and spirit of Chinese art have always been influenced by Chinese culture.

Deeply infiltrated by God, China has always been dominated by Confucian spirit

in culture, with Buddhism and Taoism being its useful supplement. This will inevitably create the worldly world and joining the world. Two completely different forms of expression.

One is the order of society

The other is the disorder of passion deep in the heart. Indulge yourself in the landscape

Landscape, be straightforward and truthful, experience the joy of life, and enjoy the comfort of life

! Reflected in the field of art, it is mostly the latter. therefore. Chinese art

Culture is introspective. Art emphasizes valuing life, enjoying life,

emphasis on poetry, epiphany, and returning to nature! Therefore. Splashing red water and listening to music

are set against the background of Chinese cultural symbols such as Chinese gardens, five-tonal music, traditional poetry

songs, and other Chinese cultural symbols. We are like entering

the poetic, landscape-like grand view garden of Chinese culture. It's so ethereal and mysterious. Not carefully tasting, smacking, and scrutinizing. It's impossible to comprehend the connotation and charm of it

! And around the play there is a layer of feudal ethics that can't be broken

.

Western culture is a maritime culture. Conquering the ocean requires cooperation, solidarity, and innovation. Therefore, their thinking

is active and they have strong ability to extrovert and collaborate. The relationship between man and nature is that of conqueror

and the conquered. They can derive the laws of the objective world

Sexual understanding can build a huge philosophical body, deduce

complex logical systems, calculate tiny gaps, and establish

scientific knowledge systems. The art corresponding to this also has a complex system. Thick texture. Highly summarized and abstract language

etc. It can be said that European culture is full of the beauty of rationality and enterprising spirit. On the one hand, it is the struggle with nature and on the other hand, it is the high standardization of art. We can clearly feel this cultural power from the plot and music of the drama "Ran". After the decline of her family,

Scarlett showed her unyielding spirit of fighting against the world, but on the other hand

the background music was uniform and unified, like an undercurrent< /p>

To set off this atmosphere. Encourage that fighting spirit.

Therefore. The difference in mode also reflects the difference in culture

from another aspect!

曩

The "instrument" mentioned here refers to the style and style of Chinese and Western musical instruments.

Differences in production materials. As mentioned earlier, the acoustic difference between Chinese and Western musical instruments is the "human voice" and the "close instrument sound". This also creates a world of difference in the sound of Chinese and Western musical instruments. Chinese musical instruments have always regarded the richness of the human voice for singing as their aesthetic standard. The diversity of human voices is outstanding. Affected by this, the timbres of Chinese musical instruments also vary greatly.

In general, one characteristic is that it is full of personality and bright colors, whether it is guqin or pipa. Whether it is flute, suona, etc., almost all have their own unique repertoire and playing techniques. Due to the influence of standardization and unification, Western musical instruments pursue harmony and integration. Therefore, the various parts of the musical instruments have a unified scale and standard in timbre. This also results in the characteristics of Western musical instruments and Chinese musical instruments, which have less distinct individuality and stronger overall integration.

On the practical use of musical instruments. The collective performance of Chinese musical instruments

is poor, and ensembles of musical instruments are generally small. There are very few large ensembles. In terms of the texture of the work, the musical ideas of Chinese music

are dominated by single-line lateral thinking. Sometimes there are vertical crossovers

but not many. This is closely related to China's unique humanistic environment.

Specifically, China's aesthetic culture is developed based on temporality

. From the characters and architecture of the pre-Qin Dynasty to the later poetry and calligraphy

Calligraphy and painting are all developed based on time and line. "There is no way to recover from mountains and rivers. There is no way out. There is a bright future and a new village" is a true portrayal of it. Affected by this

. Whether it’s Chinese musical instruments or music. All reflect strong

personality tendencies. A small horn with a simple structure and simple materials can perform an animal carnival "A Hundred Birds Pay Attendance to the Phoenix").

A huqin with two strings can perform a series of extraordinary spectacles

The joys and sorrows: a pipa with five strings can perform a thousand performances

< p>Ancient war: A simple lyre can lead to ~ Duan Duanqian

Ancient stories!

The music of "Red Mammy 9" is like the plot. It is performed in the Grand View Garden, where "there is no way out after mountains and rivers. There is another village with dark willows and bright flowers." It has a linear melody and ever-changing motives. It has the charm of poetry and poetry. It has the strength and brightness of calligraphy lines, and at the same time the uneasiness of dark clouds. In short, it gives people an endless feeling. The band is mainly small in size, and its instruments are characterized by individuality. For example

The guzheng is used to express Bao Dai’s unyielding spirit.

Erhu, flute, Xiao, etc. are used to depict the characters

The kashu: while the sound symbolizing the feudal power is very simple

a large gong is used. therefore. There are not many instruments in "Red", and the band is not

big, so small wins. This does not affect its characterization, description, and rendering of the plot, characters, and relationships at all.

The integration ability of Western musical instruments is very strong, and they are often good at playing in large-scale combinations, and their themes and genres are diverse and rich. The sound

is very symphonic and can be uniform. In terms of the organization and application of music texture

, musical thoughts are developed in terms of space and pay attention to texture

The richness, three-dimensionality, intersection, virtuality and reality, etc. This kind of symphonic

integration will inevitably require the instrument to pursue individuality at the expense

of it. Having multiple colors and strong personality will inevitably damage the overall integration.

This root can be traced back to the characteristics of Western culture and artistic spirit. Generally speaking, the spirit of Western art is based on the expansion of space.

From the perspective of oil painting, light and shade, and the realistic application of color blocks. The towering buildings in the West all originated from this.

Therefore, most of the plot music we hear in "Chaos"

is played by the entire orchestra. Even if it is a partial depiction of inner music

. It is also played with the string section as the core, and the violin and cello alone do not portray much of the heart. Generally speaking, the music of "Random" is overall successful, but this does not affect the portrayal, foil and rendering of the characters, images and relationships in the play. .

In terms of production materials, there are big differences between China and the West, each with different tendencies.

The West focuses on artificial, standardized and unified materials, such as the selection of wood materials in the violin family. The metal selection of the wind instrument family

and so on are all carefully selected manually. In terms of production, we pay more attention to the strict standard sizes of different parts of the instruments. The materials used to make Chinese musical instruments are relatively natural and personalized. Ruxun is made of clay

. The flute can be played by digging holes in the bamboo to tune it. 2

The same is true for the production of musical instruments such as Hu and Pipa. The use of natural materials means respecting and protecting the properties of the materials. The diversity of natural materials gives the instrument more personality. In terms of production size. There are no strict standards for the production of Chinese musical instruments. The flutes of the same tune are made of bamboo from different regions, and the timbre varies greatly depending on the region of the material

>

In terms of performance and vocalization. Chinese musical instruments maximize the natural properties of their materials, resulting in unique timbres. Western musical instruments

minimize the role of materials in production, thereby achieving

unification of timbre.

The above differences. Or is it rooted in different cultures and arts

spirits. The relationship between the West and nature is antagonistic, a relationship between conquering and being conquered. Westerners have always been proud of controlling, changing, and conquering nature. The relationship between man and nature has always been antagonistic, alienated, and indifferent. Natural works did not appear in Western art until the 18th and 19th centuries.

China's relationship with nature is different from that of the West. China does not regard nature as its object of conquest. China's relationship with nature

has always been close, mutually respectful, and harmonious, regarding itself as

part of the universe. "Unity of heaven and man" and "harmony between god and man" are the best explanations

. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand the natural personalization of materials and sounds.

In short, there is a big difference between Chinese and Western art music. You can also do some comparative research from

other aspects. The author just

only uses two different Chinese and Western film and television music as the entry point. Some representative aspects were selected to make some exploratory comparisons.

Please correct me if I find something inappropriate.