Of course you can learn it by self-study, but it depends on your determination. There are only seven basic musical notes, and you have mastered thousands of Chinese characters. Are you still afraid of this? Simplified music notation is relatively easy, using 1234567 (or adding dots above and below) to represent different pitches. Staff notation is a little more difficult, involving different sharps and flats to distinguish different keys.

Buy a book on basic music theory and study it carefully, and then practice sight-singing and sight-reading more often, and slowly and naturally you will be able to do it.