The specific differences are as follows:
Fuxi: Fuxi is the earliest recorded king in ancient books in China. According to the textual research of the late archaeologist Mr. Wang, he was surabaya county Quanlin and Ren. Fuxi is brilliant. According to the changes of everything in the world, he invented the Eight Diagrams, which became the origin of ancient Chinese characters in China and ended the history of "knot". He also tied ropes into nets to catch birds and hunt, taught people how to fish and hunt, invented musical instruments and composed the song "Driving Guide". His activities marked the beginning of civilization in China. Fuxi is the legendary ancestor of human civilization, and is known as the head of "Huang San".
According to legend, his mother's name is Hua Xushi, and she is a very beautiful woman. One day, she went to Leize for an outing and found a big footprint on the road. Out of curiosity, she stepped on a big footprint, and now she feels entangled in a snake, so she is pregnant. Surprisingly, this pregnancy has been 12 years. Then I gave birth to a baby with a head and a snake body. This is Fuxi. To commemorate the birth of Fuxi, the local people changed the place name to Ji Cheng, because in ancient times, people regarded twelve years as a century. According to historians, ancient Ji Cheng is today's Tianshui. Hanshu said: "Ji Cheng belongs to Hanyang County, and Hanyang County also belongs to Tianshui County. The place where the ancient emperor Fu was born. Therefore, Tianshui has always been called "the hometown of Huang Xi".
According to legends and historical records, as the ancestor of human civilization, Fuxi's main achievements are as follows: First, he taught people to make nets for fishing and hunting, which greatly improved human productivity at that time. At the same time, teaching people to domesticate wild animals is the origin of domestic animals. Second, change the marriage custom, advocate the marriage custom etiquette that men hire women to marry, and change the consanguineous marriage to the marriage outside the family, ending the primitive group marriage state that children only know their father for a long time. Third, the original book contract is used to take notes, replacing the backward form of knotting notes in the past. Invent pottery, harp and other musical instruments, create music and ballads, bring music into people's lives, and help people "cultivate self-cultivation and rationality, and be innocent". Fifth, divide and rule its ruling areas, appoint officials to manage the society, and provide reference for future generations to manage the society. Sixth, create an ancient calendar.
However, Fuxi's greatest achievement is to create gossip.
In the west of Weinan Township, Maiji District of Tianshui (formerly known as Beidao District), there is a Guatai Mountain, which is said to be the place where Fuxi painted gossip. Legend has it that in the ancient times when Fuxi lived, people knew nothing about nature. When it rains, it is windy, lightning and thunder, and people are both afraid and confused. Fu, who is naturally intelligent, wants to make all this clear, so he often stands on Guatai Mountain, looking up at the sun, moon and stars in the sky, overlooking the surrounding terrain, and sometimes studying the footprints and patterns of birds and animals.
One day, he came to Guatai Mountain again, thinking hard about the phenomenon he had observed for a long time. Suddenly, he heard a strange cry and saw a dragon horse jump out of the cave opposite Guatai Mountain. It is called a dragon horse because this animal has a dragon head with a strange pattern on it. The dragon horse jumped onto a big stone in the Weishui River at the foot of Guatai Mountain. This Tai Chi-like stone, combined with the design of the dragon horse, suddenly made Fuxi realize something, so he drew gossip.
Later, the cave that jumped out of Longma was called Longma Cave, and the big stone in Weishui River was called distraction stone. Now go to Guatai Mountain, and you can still see these places. In addition, there are remains of stone troughs and stone beds in Malone Cave.
As for the desirability of gossip, it lies in its profound cultural connotation. Fuxi culture characterized by it still attracts countless scholars at home and abroad to explore and study. Moreover, many contemporary disciplines are also deeply influenced by it and get inspiration from it. It is said that Leibniz, a great German mathematician, invented binary system, which was also inspired by gossip.
It is possible that Mi, Dong, Bao, Fu, that is, the emperor, Huang and Tai Hao are all tribal leaders from Fu. They live in different times, but they have the same status, and they can all be called "Fuxi" (because they all come from Fu tribes). Tai Hao's reign: 7569 BC-7527 BC.
Date of birth and death: 7593 BC-7527 BC.
Place of birth: Tai 'an (now Dawenkou, Tai 'an City, Shandong Province).
Li Du: Wenshang (now the northwest of Jining City, Shandong Province).
Year number: the first year of Tai Hao (before 7568).
Also known as Taiping, Feng surname,No. Fuxi. King Mude is the king of spring. One is the cloud of the Fu family, the other is the cloud of the Mi family, the other is the cloud of the Bao family, and the other is the cloud of the Yi family. Five Emperors of Fuxi Nuwa Regime in China Clan Alliance Era. In 111, a cloud was 164.
Tai Hao, or "Teti" in ancient books, is the ancestor and leader of the ancient Dongyi tribe. Dongyi is a tribe that can compete with China in the Central Plains in ancient times. Frequent contacts with China created a splendid culture of Yin and Shang. In this regard, the academic community has no doubt. The birthplace of Dongyi tribe is in the eastern part of Henan, Shandong and Anhui. "Seventeen Years of Zuo Zhuan Gong" contains: "Chen, the sky is too far away." Chen is now in Huaiyang, Henan, and Huaiyang is now in Tai Hao's tomb. After the Zhou Dynasty, his descendants gradually moved eastward, and Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong Twenty-one Years: "Ren, Su, Xu, Zhuan Xu, Feng also. It is necessary to offer the sacrifice of Yitai, supplemented by summer. " It was not until the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period that the branch of Dongyi was gradually annexed by Lu, Qi, Yue and other countries and merged into China. "Biography of the Eastern Han Dynasty": "Qin merged with six countries, and its Huai and scattered into civilian households." In other words, the Dongyi branch no longer exists as an independent entity at this time, but has become the "editor" of the Chinese nation, integrated with China and became the main part of the Chinese nation. With the blending of China and Yi, the ancestors and leaders of Dongyi, such as Tai Hao, were also included in the sequence of ancient emperors in China.
Tai Hao, also known as: madam, madam (ancient madam, Hao, Tai Tongyong); The earliest written record is the main document Zuozhuan P 1 12 Dahao, the legendary ancient emperor.
"Shu is Wu Ye" (Thirteen Classics). Later, in the early Warring States period, the lineage records of Shan Hai Jing, from Wu Tai to Shang and Zhou Dynasties, included most emperors and leaders in ancient history: Yan Di, Huangdi, Shaowu and so on. "With the in-depth study of archaeology, ancient philology and folklore, these lineages will become an integral part of the history of letters." Wang Li: On the Difference between Man and God in Shan Hai Jing. However, Han Shu Fa Ji listed Wu Taihe and Shao Hao as the most complete imperial system in the ancient history of China, which was recognized by the later feudal high-level officials and obeyed them.
1. Tai Hao-the real person in history: the ancestor of Dongyi.
In Hanshu, "When Emperor Taizu was in Xi, Mi was impressed". Since then, homophones, synonyms, synonyms and interchangeable characters have appeared in various ancient books and documents. It should be said that Tai Hao is a real person, first as the chief of the Dongyi tribal alliance, and then merged with Fuxi from west to east, and called Tai Hao Fuxi, the common ancestor of Chinese culture. According to Mr. Yan Wenming's textual research: "The ancestors of Dongyi were Wu Tai and Shao Hao, and the Wu Tai era should be in the late Dawenkou culture" ("The Origin of Dongyi Culture"); According to Mr. He Guangyue's textual research: "The phoenix bird in ancient books is a long-tailed bird chicken, and it is also a high chicken. Tai Hao (um) takes the high chicken as a totem." "The phoenix is also like a bird, and the swallow pecks a chicken with five colors, which is an oriental scholar country." (Huai Yi historical textual research).
These historical materials tell us that Tai Hao is a tribal chief of an island country who lives on the eastern coast or takes birds as a totem. According to the research of Professor Yi, a historian, "Tai Hao and Shaowu were the early days of the Oriental Yi people in the legendary period, and the Wu Tai tribe first lived in eastern Shandong and northern Jiangsu". Professor Yi, who has written many works on Haidai culture, reveals a little-known historical phenomenon: "The cultural remains of Dawenkou in northern Anhui and eastern Henan most likely migrated from northern Jiangsu. At the same time, some Dawenkou cultural relics in the upper reaches of Ludongyi and Shuhe River may also come from northern Jiangsu. " What caused this migration? Professor Yi speculates that there are two factors. One is the outward expansion of Dawenkou cultural population due to the expansion of power (archaeology in Haidai area). However, this is not entirely the case. Located in the southern edge of Haidai culture and the northern spread of Liangzhu culture, there have been exchanges and contacts between the two cultural regions (Yi Shi Feng's "The Northern Spread of Liangzhu Culture"), which eventually took the form of war, resulting in both losses. The second is flooding. Low-lying northern Jiangsu and the Yellow River diverted to the lower reaches of Huaihe River. At that time, it was impossible to have large-scale manpower to control the river, which led to a large number of people moving out. It can be seen that Wu Tai tribes first moved in eastern Shandong and northern Jiangsu, and then moved westward to northern Anhui, eastern Henan and southwestern Shandong under the pressure of Liangzhu culture and floods. The other Tai Hao school (J {Kou Shaowu), although it also created a high degree of culture, was gradually forgotten by people who moved westward to the Central Plains in the long river of historical development, or was rarely mentioned because of sparse historical records; Later generations have always respected Tai Hao as the Emperor of the East, which is related to Wu Tai's original residence in the East. As for Wu Tai, there are fewer descendants and more descendants, because Wu Tai's westward movement is related to the Central Plains, even southern Henan and northern Hubei, which goes straight to Shaanxi and Gansu and assimilates into China culture. This has a reasonable explanation for the Shaowu tribe living in the Cape to reproduce independently in the East.
2. Tai Hao's activities and legends outside the East China Sea.
Fan Wenlan, a famous contemporary historian, clearly pointed out in the Outline of China History that "Wu Tai is the leader of Dongyi people". Dongyi is an offshore tribe that worships the sun and the moon, and birds (phoenix) are totems. Recently, the ruins and cultural relics of Tenghualuo's prehistoric inner and outer city walls, which are listed as the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China, show an ancient country that has long been annihilated-it should be a country with few weapons. Many famous national archaeologists and historians have proved that Shao Hao is the capital of an ancient country. This proves that Wu Tai, who is related to Shao Wu, is undoubtedly the ancestor who created the ancient civilization of rattan flowers.
The relics and legends about Wu Tai in Lianyungang and its surrounding areas reflect the traces left by the ancient emperor in this area's water, soil and folk oral literature.
(1) According to experts' textual research and analysis of an image of bamboo slips unearthed from Lingyanghe site in Juxian County, the northern edge of ancient culture in our city, the circle in the above picture is "the sun", and the upper arc of the horizontal moon in the middle picture has many upward protruding tips, which are identified as "fire". The following picture shows five upward acute angles, which are illustrations of mountains. Then the whole meaning of this figure is that the sky above the "earth (mountain)" is a combination of "sun" and "fire", that is, "sun" or "military" Tian Changwu thinks that "it is a symbol of a clan and tribe, just like the clan emblem later". Therefore, Professor Yi decided to separate them in northern Anhui, eastern Henan and northern Jiangsu. "Hao residents who hold this family emblem can only belong to the Wu Tai tribe."
(2) Weaving hemp fiber, creating calendar, inventing field system and replacing wooden posts with stones are four great inventions of Wu Tai in Guyushan. In view of the rainy and humid weather in the ancient Yushan area at that time, Tai Hao invented hemp fiber woven with grass, and villagers and farmers in Yuntai Mountain area and surrounding areas still have the habit of weaving or wearing hemp fiber. In the season when rice and wheat are about to mature, you can see scarecrows in linen clothes scaring away birds stealing food in farmland. Taking advantage of Lianyungang's mountainous, multi-island and moderate geographical location, Tai Hao appointed Xi Zhong to set up a sky-watching and sea-watching (tidal) place in Yuntai Mountain where Yu Yi (snail, horn and depression) is located. It provides information about sunrise and sunset, ebb and flow of tides and seasonal changes of climate for the establishment of the eight diagrams calendar. Today, the remains of Xizhong Festival appointed by Taiwu are still there. Lianyungang is one of the birthplaces of rice cultivation in the world, which has been confirmed by historical sites and unearthed cultural relics such as Jiangjunya rock paintings. This is also a great contribution of Wu Tai tribe to human civilization. Wu Tai took advantage of the fact that Lianyungang is located in the lower reaches of Huanghuai River, with rich water resources (river water and rainwater), fertile land, warm and humid climate, suitable for agriculture, animal husbandry and fishing and hunting, and carried out farmland reform and watered the fields. The invented furrow irrigation system can not only irrigate but also drain water. This is a great development of agricultural civilization. Wu Tai also changed the wooden Tianzhu into a stone Tianzhu and named it Stone Square. Up to now, there are still traces of stone boats in Dong Lei, Yuntai Mountain.
Guyu Mountain, where hundreds of birds inhabit and breed, is the birthplace of the totem of Dongyi Phoenix Bird. Wu Tai's nickname is Emperor Jun, and Emperor Jun is also called the Great Military Trumpet. Its shape is a bird's head, which shows that Di Jun is a bird. The sea and coastal marshes on the land of Guyushan have become a paradise for birds to feed and a kingdom for reproduction. Birds naturally become one of the human food chains that coexist with them. Over time, many customs and cultures related to birds have emerged. For example, according to the different characteristics of birds, the names of officials with different functions in the tribe are appointed; Judging the changes of natural phenomena such as sun, moon, star, wind, rain and lightning through the living habits of birds; The names of tribes and houses and family emblems (totems) are named after the habitats of different birds.
(4) Master Wu and the Ten Flower Cities. Legend has it that there is a very rich and prosperous god country-Ten Flower City outside Liezi's mouth in the east of the city. Whoever does something bad, Mr. Wu will bring him disaster; You did a good deed, and Mr. Hao will remember it; When there is a good result, I will take you or your family to visit the Ten Flower City on his reed raft. The city walls and gates are made of reeds, which can keep out wind, rain and tide. When opening the city gate, Mr. Hao Lao made a cross with two reeds and said to the door, "Mr. Hao Lao, come and open the door!" Master Wu, come and open the door! " So the door will open automatically. The city is rich in products and everything; Everyone wears gold and silver, and everyone smiles. They can help themselves, and they don't have to pay. Once, a family entered the Ten Flower City, and they were greedy, and the whole family snapped up big bags and small bags. When he left, he took advantage of Mr. Hao's nap and stole the reed cross key, saying that he would come again next time; I don't want the whole family to drift on the reed raft for a while and be swallowed up by the waves; Then the Ten Flower Cities also sank to the bottom of the sea and became shoals, covered with reeds. Today, people have been looking for ten flower cities with reed cross keys in their hands, but they can't meet them again. People say that Master Wu got angry and punished the family, but he also hurt the innocent. Since the sinking of the Ten Flower City, coastal tides have invaded the dikes and disasters have continued.
It is said that this master Hao is Wu Tai, and the ten flower cities are vines and flowers.
⑤ Guanyin's mother, Nu Wa and Wu Tai. Throughout the country and even the world, Guanyin is commonly known as Guanyin, Guanyin Bodhisattva, Guanyin and so on. Only the ancients in Lianyungang and its surrounding areas called it "Goddess of Mercy". It turns out that this exquisite, solemn and handsome female deity is actually called "old mother"-a somewhat aging mother-in-law, which is really intriguing. When I was a child, I heard adults say that people were created by Guanyin's mother, who made clay sculptures for human beings and was the ancestor. Now I know that this is not Guanyin, but the absolute "Nuwa". The local people naturally call Nu Wa, who created human beings, Guanyin, so Nu Wa's husband is too good and naturally becomes the incarnation of Nu Wa, the spouse of Guanyin's mother. This is not blasphemy, but a combination of two legends "beyond the East China Sea".
⑥ Erlang God, his father, vicissitudes. Erlang Mountain is a well-known folk mantra in Lianyungang. Today, the East Mountain and West Mountain carried by Erlang God are on the eastern seashore, and nursery rhymes and drum words have been passed down to this day: "When you leave home, Erlang Mountain drives the sun ...". Praise Erlang God Danshan Town for living in the sun of nine poisons shot by Houyi. It seems that this Erlang God should be from Kuafu, Lianyungang and live in Yushan area. It is speculated that this Erlang God and Kuafu are both incarnations of Wu Tai. Whether Erlang drives the mountain to catch the sun or praises his father every day, it is closely related to the sun worship of Dongyi people. The story of Jing Wei's land reclamation and the legend of nine days after his death all mark the heroic feat of our Tai Hao tribe "beyond the East China Sea".
He is a wise emperor in ancient myths and legends of China. He is "the head of a hundred kings" and ranks first among the five emperors in Huang San. In the evolution of human society from matriarchal to paternal, from barbarism to civilization, he made great achievements as a monkey with his own intelligence and wisdom. Later generations therefore called him "the ancestor" and "the originator of Sven". "Too good" is people's praise for Fuxi, which means that Fuxi has boundless merits and bright as the sun and the moon.
The Yellow Emperor has the Empress of the Wind (), and the chronicles of bamboo books include Man Zi, the wind surname, Su, Xu, etc. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was integrated into the Huaxia nationality.
Taeho K is a descendant of pure Fuxi nationality. His ancestors were san huang and his mother was the Four Emperors.
Tai Hao, born in the 22nd year of Shikou (Wuzi, before 7593), is an extremely clever man and has a pure blood relationship with Fuxi clan. The social system at that time was based on women, and men were subordinate to women. Therefore, most tribal chiefs are women. Only a few outstanding people can be elected as tribal leaders. Taihao is one of them.
In 7569 BC, four emperors died in the palace. After Shi Yao's death, people elected him emperor, and the year of nobles (7568 BC) was the first year of Tai Hao.
During Tai Hao's reign, his active areas were mainly in the mountains east of Taihang Mountain and Shandong Peninsula. "Huai Nan Zi Shi Zexun" records: "The pole of the East, starting from Jieshi Mountain, crossing Korea, entering the country, reaching the east at sunrise, the land of beech trees, the field of green soil trees, and the division between Tai Hao and Ju Mang, is 22,000 miles." It is clearly stated here that at that time, the areas ruled by Fuxi Nuwa regime were in the north and east of China, while in the Yangtze River valley, Lingnan area and western plateau, there were also China people belonging to other tribes of different clan alliance regimes.
Tai Hao was originally stationed in Wenshang (now northwest of Jining City, Shandong Province) and moved to Wanqiu in his later years (now north of Huaiyang County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province).
During Tai Hao's reign, there were many new inventions besides inheriting the ancient civilization created by his ancestor Fuxi. There are three great inventions in life:
The first is to carry out land reform and water the fields, which is called "ploughing the fields" in history. At that time, the climate was rainy and the floods kept flooding. The Yellow River water takes away a lot of sediment from the Loess Plateau and impacts the downstream depressions, forming a large plain. At that time, people called the plains formed by the impact of such rivers "rest soil", "rest soil", "rest sand" and "rest sand". The invention of "ploughing" in Tai Hao's period was to dig ditches on these plains, which could not only irrigate farmland, but also flood water, which was a great development of agricultural civilization. Fu was later called Yi by the surrounding clans because his interest was in the agricultural field.
The second is the reform of meteorological instrument. In Taihao, the previous barometer was made of wood, called the master, which was easily damaged. In Tai Hao, the stone master is regarded as a monument, and the stone master is built to test the wind and rain. Also known as Shi Qing.
Third, the invention of the straw woven fabric-hemp fiber. At that time, the climate was sunny and rainy, and it often rained in summer. Clothes made of hemp are not conducive to field work and fishing and hunting. At this time, people invented a rain-proof tool made of grass and bark, called hemp fiber, to adapt to the bad weather at that time Later, people attributed this invention to Taihao.
Tai Hao married a woman named Nu Wa V and gave birth to four sons. The name of the eldest son is heavy, the name of the second son is appropriate, the name of the third son is appropriate, and the name of the fourth son is appropriate. These four sons are all too valued later. During Tai Hao's reign, Mu Zhenggou Mang (also known as Mu Zhenggou Mang), the descendant of Ge, was promoted to be the official in charge of the next history of Tian Donggou Chenzhu and worshipped him as a photojournalist. As the eldest son, he replaced Gou Mang Muzheng as the chief observer of Jupiter and Dragonstar in the East. Because people used to call Mu Zheng Gou Mang, it was called Mu Zheng Gou Mang. Since then, "Gou Mang" has become synonymous with Mu Zheng's official position. Tai Hao appointed his second son Jin, also known as Jin, to be responsible for observing Venus in the west. In addition, the third son Xiu and the fourth son jointly take charge of Mercury in the north, named Xuan Ming, and are responsible for the observation of stars in the north.
Tai Hao's great contribution to culture is the invention of the Twelve Earthly Branches.
Legend has it that the Twelve Earthly Branches were invented by Gou Mang, a great official in Tai Hao. The pronunciation and writing of the ancient twelve earthly branches are completely different from today. Ancient Chinese characters and pronunciations are: (1) □ pronounced "Zi Zi", that is, Jinzi; (2) Reading Chicken Brain makes you look ugly; (3) read "ao", that is, today's yin; (4) □ Read Jiao Jiao, that is, today's hair; 5] □ Read "",which is now Chen; [6] Read Guang Guang, which is now the third; I have read Wu Wu, that is, this afternoon; Being read "Wei Wei", which is now Wei; Read "Long Cang", that is, people are sinking today; ⑽ Read "Emirates Qiu", that is, today's unitary; ⑾ Read "Qu Qu", that is, today; ⑿ □ Read "",that is, today's sea. Due to the inability to input ancient Chinese characters, the writing method is temporarily vacant (according to Wang Dayou's Three Emperors and Five Emperors).
Tai Hao was a very successful emperor in Fuxi Nuwa regime. There are many records in history books, but few of them are preserved due to the destruction of natural and man-made disasters. We can only get a little information from historical books and archaeological quotations.
Tai Hao reigned for forty-three years and died in Tai Hao for forty-two years (Wu Jia, 7527 BC) at the age of sixty-seven. The body was buried in Wanqiu (now north of Huaiyang County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province) Taihao Mausoleum, with the name of Bai Di and the name of Tai Hao.