1. Understanding the nationality and cosmopolitanism of music is the key to mastering the multiculturalism of music.
For a long time in the past, when we mentioned foreign music, everyone thought of European music, including many students who thought that European music was more developed and fashionable, or that pop music was more modern. However, when it comes to music in Asia, Africa and Latin America, students will feel that it is "rustic" and cannot put it in the same position and treat this issue equally. In fact, this is a prejudice against Asian, African and Latin American music culture. Art is not as fast as science. Some works of art have strong personality and are irreplaceable. Different works of art exist for different mass bases or cultural circles, and always tend to develop in diversified ways. The artistic value of music does not depend on the national or international strength, but on the artistic achievements of the works. Only the world is good or only the nation is good, denying the fruits of diversification, insisting that one's hobbies are truth and others' hobbies are wrong. Qin Luo, a famous musician, emphasized in his book Music and Culture: "The abstract, universal and rational enlighteners do not exist in all cultural and geographical environments: people who know culture, people who are sociable, people who are national, thoughtful and conscious. They are independent, concrete and unrepeatable. There is no difference in value among human cultures, societies and nations, but there are differences in their concepts, behaviors and specific objects: music embodies culture and culture contains music. " (2) Music culture contains irreplaceable forms of other cultures and arts, and contains a thinking foundation that other materials cannot construct. On the one hand, it has maneuverability, real basic elements of music, vivid performance content and reasonable control basis; On the other hand, it can transcend the boundaries between time and space and language, and it is easy for people to accept, instead of being as complicated as words and language, which requires a lot of time and energy to accept. Therefore, it is an important tool to understand all nationalities, regions and organizations in the world, and it is also an important tool to promote exchanges and develop culture.
Second, how to carry out multicultural infiltration in the process of music education
Liao Naixiong, a famous music educator, pointed out in the article Eight Debates on Orff's Music Education System that "the music of every nation is a part of human music and world music, and it occupies a unique, prominent and even general position in human music and world music precisely because of its unique national characteristics and high artistic attainments. Today, with the unprecedented development of modern science and technology, media and international communication, as Kodaly pointed out half a century ago, "The world is becoming more and more open, and art related to a single nation becomes meaningless. "Therefore, although the nationality of music is always young, music is becoming more and more international, intercontinental, cross-cultural and international. The music education of any country or nation is based on its own national music, and at the same time, the music education of any country or nation is increasingly embracing the music of other nationalities.
Only in this way can we contribute to the development of music education and the prosperity of our own national music. Therefore, as the leader of music education, teachers should have a strong sense of autonomy, strengthen the establishment of their own music multicultural accomplishment, and cultivate students' multicultural musical aesthetic taste with broad vision, rich music resources and excellent world music culture.
(A) the establishment of teachers' own multi-cultural cultivation of music
The Chinese nation is a big family composed of many nationalities, and the excellent music in any national system belongs to the Chinese nation, although it does not include all the extension of the nationality of China national music. The Chinese nation has a vast territory and rich kinds of music, including folk songs, folk arts, operas, dance music and folk instrumental music. It can be said that the musical characteristics of a country have diversified musical existence modes among diverse ethnic groups. /kloc-the western folk music genre in the 0/9th century is actually a folk music genre and a diversified nation. The music culture of all mankind is composed of music from different countries, and the music relationship between countries is also diversified, which is diversified at a higher level. Our music teachers should grasp the respective musical characteristics of different countries, nationalities, regions and times, be handy both horizontally and vertically, and understand the diverse musical culture from the aspects of form, style and cultural composition. For example, Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven, three great composers of Vienna Classical Music School, were all in the classical period, and they all had distinct styles and characteristics-doing whatever they wanted. Haydn's music is calm and quiet, even if there is resentment, it only scares the dozing lady with sudden strong chords (symphony of amazement); Mozart's music fully shows his aura and talent. Although he is a "rebel" in his bones, he can't stand the reprimand and insult of feudal bishops and resolutely break with him, but his music is always as thorough as "crystal stone in the stream", Roman? Roland called Mozart's music a tearful smile; Beethoven, on the other hand, used music as a weapon to shout for the persecuted class, "from despair to struggle, from struggle to victory, from victory to joy", so his music was full of contradictions and struggles, and he looked forward to the realization and arrival of the ideal world of mankind. Therefore, as a music teacher, if you want to explain the music of the three constellations of Vienna Classical Music School clearly and don't understand the composer's growth experience and social background, I'm afraid it's just a superficial exploration, and you can't really analyze the profound connotation of the three masters' works. The difference of musical styles among the three composers of Vienna Classical Music School is one of the representatives of diversified music in the same period in the long history of music.
For another example, the author once saw an excellent demonstration class-"Mom's Song". Throughout the whole class, the content is substantial, the theme is distinct and the materials are novel. In particular, lullabies with multi-countries, multi-nationalities, multi-genres and multi-forms are adopted, which makes students' emotions sublimate unconsciously and at the same time feel the great charm of multicultural music. In class, the teacher did not take the traditional route, practiced vocal music and taught singing, but used two photos as an introduction. The background music is Brahms's "Lullaby", which shakes the soul and feels maternal love. Then, the teacher let the students enjoy the lullabies of Mediterranean, Brazil, Africa and France one after another, which broadened their horizons, felt the colorful and original lullabies of various countries and realized the love of all human parents for their children. The third part is lullaby and maternal love, the fourth part is the characteristics of lullaby, and the fifth part selects five chorus lullabies, including Japanese lullaby, Tchaikovsky's lullaby in the storm, Northeast lullaby and Tibetan and Tujia lullaby, so that students can choose and feel the beautiful artistic conception and deep feelings of artistic lullaby. The sixth part is instrumental lullaby Brahms's string lullaby, Hauser's orchestral lullaby and Grieg's piano lullaby, which not only makes students understand the instrumental form of lullaby, but also further broadens their horizons. The seventh part is learning to sing Brahms' lullaby, and the eighth part is choosing to appreciate modern lullaby, choosing Su Xiaoming's Night in the Harbor, Tayu Lo's lullaby, Power Train's lullaby and American's Four Brothers of Folk Songs to fully let students know that they can express all kinds of deep, gentle and delicate feelings and feelings in the form of lullaby. The last part is an e-card for my mother. So, as a class,
279
Dadazhong literature and art
Application of Reverse Thinking in Plane Composition Teaching and Transformation Training
Niu Jianlin and Wu Lifeng (Suzhou Institute of Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 2 15009)
As one of the compulsory courses for college students majoring in art design, there are different views on whether it is suitable for modern teaching in recent years. Among them, the debate on abandoning or modifying the content mainly focuses on the dissatisfaction with the teaching effect of the course. The outstanding problem is that students' understanding of the relationship between the plane composition course and the subsequent professional courses is often very vague, and they can't adapt to the pure rationality and cold abstract thinking of the plane composition content, so they feel bored in learning. In view of this situation, we use a kind of reverse thinking to carry out transformation training, which provides effective help for these college students who have just embarked on the design road. This practice of reverse thinking can not only effectively complete the teaching tasks and objectives of this course, but also stimulate students' interest in subsequent professional design courses such as packaging design, VI design, book design and poster design.
Keywords: plane composition; Basic; Reverse thinking
Abstract: Two-dimensional composition is a compulsory course for college students majoring in art design. Whether it is suitable as a model of registered nurse teaching is still controversial. Those who suggest discarding or modifying the content of this course are mainly not the content of classroom teaching effect. The biggest problem is that there is no clear understanding of the relationship between such a course and other follow-up courses. Most students can't adapt to this thinking mode, such as pure reasoning and cold abstraction. They think such a class is too boring to study. This paper holds that the cultivation of reverse thinking is very helpful to the freshmen majoring in art design and to the teaching of this course. We believe that the practical training of reverse thinking will also be of great help to other courses such as packaging design, VI design, book design and poster design.
Keywords: two-dimensional composition; Basic; Reverse thinking
The purpose is to cultivate students' cognitive ability and creative ability of plane form, so as to stimulate students' creative thinking. Plane composition courses are generally arranged in the second half of the first semester of junior high school. As we all know, students' effective study of the plane composition course plays a vital role in the subsequent study of many professional courses. Through the study of plane composition course, students will have a clearer understanding and grasp of the law of element combination in plane design, and with active design practice, the overall aesthetic and creative ability of plane will be greatly developed and improved. Different majors have slightly different basic requirements for plane composition. This paper mainly discusses the characteristics of graphic composition course for visual communication specialty.
First, the problems that must be faced positively and solved correctly.
In the process of teaching, we must actively face a problem, that is, students do not understand the basic role of plane composition in subsequent professional courses. Because this situation generally exists in the plane composition courses of previous freshmen. The author has prepared a lot of materials such as packaging design, book design and poster design before class to help students understand the mystery and skills of the arrangement and combination of elements in graphic design, so as to lead to the basic role of graphic composition course. These figures and words are strange and attractive to students. But as a result, most students are really excited after watching the pictures, but they have little to do with graphic composition. Although I have repeatedly reminded them how ingenious the arrangement of points, lines and surfaces of these elements in graphic design is, the basic meaning of composition has been stranded in a sigh and exclamation. Therefore, it is generally poor for students to understand the basic function of plane composition only through their own application of packaging design and poster design. One of the reasons is that freshmen have a one-sided understanding of professional design and do not have the ability to grasp it comprehensively, which will lead to students' misunderstanding of basic courses and increase the learning burden and difficulty of plane composition courses; The second reason is that the plane composition is a pure composition, characterized by the use of pure reason and abstract thinking, which is far from the professional design that pays attention to perceptual thinking. Now the so-called new plane composition teaching materials appear repeatedly in the market. Compared with the traditional graphic content, some of them have been deleted too much, and some of them are even confused with graphic design and poster design at will. In order to avoid cold and abstract thinking methods and lose the essence of plane composition system, it is obviously not desirable. Work is based on. The formation of aesthetic taste in teenagers' music life is directly influenced by the external environment, and their imitation of social pop songs is subconscious and spontaneous. Therefore, correct aesthetic judgment and accurate aesthetic evaluation are often lacking. From this perspective, it is especially necessary for teachers to guide with a healthy aesthetic. We should not only check the orientation, but also take simple measures such as preaching and reprimanding to improve teenagers' healthy and positive aesthetic taste, aesthetic judgment and aesthetic ability. ⑤
World peace and development depend on mutual communication, mutual understanding and mutual respect between different countries and cultures. On the basis of understanding our national music culture, we should learn and understand the representative and excellent national music of all countries in the world. In this way, our students can truly have a healthy aesthetic view, an open way of thinking, look at the world and understand it, learn to understand and respect the music culture of other countries and nations, and establish equal multicultural values.
Precautions:
① Curriculum Standards for Full-time Compulsory Education by the Ministry of Education (200 1), Music and Culture by Qin Luo of the Department of Art Education (200 1), the first edition of Xilengyin Press, 13.
(3) Liao Naixiong's eight arguments about Orff's music education system, Music Education, No.4, 2000.
(4) Luo Xiaoping talks about the formation of Xinghai's aesthetic taste from a cultural perspective. Music Studies, No.3, 1995.
5. Miao's New Edition of Middle School Music Teaching Theory, Higher Education Press, April edition 1996, 1.
As a basic compulsory course for students majoring in art design in higher education, plane composition is a course to study the two-dimensional space modeling elements and the arrangement and combination of modeling elements. If the director of the concert hall does not have a broad vision and diverse thinking, how can he make such a vivid and wonderful music?
Of course, the excellent music culture at all times and all over the world is the fertile ground for our music education. As teachers in the new era, we can neither blindly follow the national line nor excessively follow the classical line, but should focus on the horizon, strengthen our multicultural background, cultivate more "educated" high-quality talents, and have rich music resources and nutrition.
(B) to cultivate students' aesthetic interest in multi-cultural music
Aesthetic taste is people's interest, love and choice of an aesthetic object. It is a unique aesthetic orientation formed by the subject in aesthetic practice. On the one hand, the aesthetic taste of music can involve the subject's different interests in various music genres, styles, schools, musical instruments and forms of expression; On the other hand, due to the different values of the main music, there will be noble tastes and low tastes, positive attitudes towards negative attitudes, diversified choices and single choices, relative hobbies and absolute preferences. The formation of the aesthetic taste of Xian Xinghai, a famous composer, is in line with the functions of Chinese and western cultural systems. In China's cultural tradition, it also involves the influence of traditional culture, Lingnan culture, marine culture, overseas Chinese culture and new-democratic culture. In the western cultural tradition, it is influenced by European, especially French impressionist music culture. Based on local culture, Xian Xinghai absorbed and integrated the dynamics and momentum of different cultures, which greatly influenced his aesthetic tastes and hobbies of advocating grandeur, pursuing novelty and artistic beauty, making him one of the most influential musicians in the history of China music.
At present, the vast majority of primary and secondary school students like fast-food pop music, and some even reach the level of fanaticism, but they don't know that some of these works are not suitable for them and some are harmful to them. In order to enable students to distinguish between good and bad pop music and actively love elegant music, it is necessary to improve their appreciation ability and help them establish a correct aesthetic view of music. This is an arduous and meaningful task.