Basic knowledge of tea ceremony Tea ceremony content The main body of tea culture in China is people, tea exists as the object of people, and tea exists for people. China tea culture is called the philosophy of beauty. There are five reasons:
1. The roots of China's tea culture aesthetics can be traced back to the pre-Qin, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. The master who laid the foundation of China's classical aesthetic theory is a great philosopher;
2. Its theoretical basis stems from some philosophical propositions;
3. In the development process, China tea culture aesthetics mainly absorbed the philosophical theories of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism, and benefited from the promotion of a large number of thinkers and philosophers;
4. China's tea culture aesthetics emphasizes the unity of man and nature, exploring the mystery of the universe from a small teapot and appreciating the taste of life from a light tea soup;
5. China's tea culture aesthetics has a profound and extensive influence on tea people from a philosophical point of view, especially in thinking mode, aesthetic taste, artistic imagination and personality formation.
In a word, the aesthetic thoughts in China's classical philosophy sneaked into the night with the wind, silently nourishing the wonderful flower of China tea culture. In China's tea culture, there are both the ethereal beauty of Buddhism, the mysterious and broad-minded beauty of Taoism and the elegant and implicit beauty of Confucianism.
To sum up, some people draw the following conclusions:
The development of tea culture in China is from bottom to top, so its characteristic is breadth, which is the so-called tea culture, and it has an indissoluble bond with Confucianism. It can be said that it is unrealistic to separate China's tea culture from Confucianism. It is precisely because of the free and easy literati in China that China's tea culture is in a state of letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend. Because in China culture? Tao? This is a very sacred and serious matter. So, China just called tea in general? Tea culture? Or? Tea art? Dare not say it? Tea ceremony? .
The basic knowledge of tea ceremony The connotation of tea ceremony is an art of drinking tea for the purpose of monasticism, which includes four elements: tea ceremony, etiquette, environment and practice. Tea art is the foundation and necessary condition of tea ceremony, which can exist independently of tea ceremony. Tea ceremony is based on tea art and depends on it. What is the significance of tea art? Art? Pay attention to learning tea art and get aesthetic enjoyment; What is the focus of the tea ceremony? The purpose is to cultivate one's self-cultivation and realize the road through tea ceremony. The connotation of tea ceremony is less than that of tea ceremony, which contains tea ceremony, and the extension of tea ceremony is greater than that of tea ceremony, which is between tea ceremony and tea culture.
The connotation of tea ceremony is greater than that of tea ceremony, and the extension of tea ceremony is greater than that of tea ceremony. What are we talking about here? Art? , refers to the art of making tea, making tea and tasting tea; What are we talking about here? Tao? , refers to the spirit implemented in the process of artistic tea making. Tao without art is an empty theory; Art has no way, art has no essence and no spirit. Tea art, named but tangible, is the external expression of tea culture; Tea ceremony is spirit, truth, law, origin and essence. It is often invisible and intangible, but you can fully understand it through your heart. The combination of tea art and tea ceremony is the result of a high degree of unity of matter and spirit. The connotation and extension of tea ceremony and tea ceremony are different, which should be strictly distinguished and not confused.
The highest level of tea drinking, tea tasting and tea ceremony.
Drink tea: use tea as a drink to quench your thirst.
Tea tasting: Pay attention to the color and fragrance of tea leaves, pay attention to the quality of tea sets, and savor them carefully when drinking.
Tea art: Pay attention to environment, atmosphere, music, brewing skills and interpersonal relationships.
The highest state of tea ceremony: integrate philosophy, ethics and morality into tea activities, cultivate one's morality and taste life through tea tasting, and achieve spiritual enjoyment.
The relationship between Buddhism and tea is the basic knowledge of tea ceremony. Buddhism and tea became attached as early as the Jin Dynasty. According to legend, Huineng, a famous monk in Jin Dynasty, once entertained his friend Tao Yuanming with homemade tea at Tuolin Temple in Lushan Mountain, Jiangxi Province. Talking about tea and poetry, telling classics, staying up all night? . The connection between Buddhism and tea has made indelible contributions to the popularity of tea drinking fashion, to the elegant realm and even to the establishment of tea ceremony. In the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, Hui Yuan, a Buddhist leader, tried his best to communicate Confucian feudal ethics with Buddhist karma, and advocated filial piety to the monarch, which was in line with the theory of karma. And ask directly? Buddhism, Confucianism and Ming? . Some Buddhist sects in Sui and Tang Dynasties were founded by combining China's traditional thoughts. Hua Yanzong scholar Zong Mi used Zhouyi? Four virtues? (Yuan, Heng, Li, Zhen) Harmonize the Buddha's body? Four virtues? Chang, Le, Me, Jing. With what? P5？ (benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom) tone? Five precepts? (Don't kill, don't steal, don't drink, don't worry) Trying to combine the two, the trend of Taiwan Province's Confucianism is getting stronger and stronger. During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, more attention was paid to the integration of China's traditional thoughts. Tiantai Sect scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty is far-reaching, preaching? Without Zhong Ni's teaching, there would be no state rule, no family peace and no physical safety? . And then what? The country is incurable, the family is uneasy, and the body is uneasy. How to explain family? Cultivate one's morality with Confucianism and treat one's mind with Buddhism? Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and communism are superficial and superficial, so they have developed into a religion with China national characteristics.
The penetration of Buddhism into tea ceremony is recorded in historical materials, including Danqiu in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and Hui Yuan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty did not like tea. Visible? Tea Zen blindly? It has a long history. However, the author believes that the formation of climate began in the middle Tang Dynasty. From the above poems, we can appreciate the fragrance and richness of tea in the temple. Monks can't worship God, meditate, recite scriptures and make friends all day. Zen tea ceremony embodies the atmosphere of kindness, simplicity, self-cultivation, self-cultivation and understanding, and also integrates the thoughts and feelings of Confucianism and Taoism. The Tang Xizong gold and silver series tea set hidden in the underground palace of Famen Temple, the highest royal etiquette, is more convincing from the aspects of design, modeling and decoration (placed in the back room with Buddhist relics)? Tea Zen blindly? The real meaning. Zen tea ceremony reached its peak in the Song Dynasty and spread to Japan, South Korea and other countries. Now it has spread to the western world and made efforts to promote cultural exchanges between countries. Buddhism was founded in ancient India from the 6th century BC to the 5th century BC, and was introduced to China during the Han Dynasty in June. After the spread and development of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, it reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty. Tea flourished in Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty. Lu Yu, a tea sage who founded the China Tea Ceremony, was adopted by Zen Master Zhiji when he was free, and studied literacy and recited Buddhist scriptures at Longgai Temple in Jingling. Later, in the Tang Dynasty, the poet Jiao Ran and the monk became friends. In Lu Yu's autobiography and tea classics, there are praises to Buddhism, and there are also records that monks love tea. It can be said that the tea ceremony in China is inextricably linked with Buddhism from the beginning, among which both monks and customs are talked about, and Zen tea is well known.
Since ancient times, monks have loved and loved tea, and take tea as a companion for self-cultivation and sit tight. In order to meet the daily drinking and hospitality needs of monks, many temples have their own tea gardens. At the same time, in ancient times, only temples had the best conditions to study and develop tea-making technology and tea culture. There is a saying in China that "tea has been famous in the famous temple since ancient times". According to the Supplement to the National History of the Tang Dynasty, famous teas such as Fangshan Bud in Fuzhou, Mengding Shihua in Jiannan, Jiong Lake with Frost in Yuezhou and Xishan Bailu in Hongzhou were all produced in temples. The demand of monks for tea objectively promoted the development of tea production and provided a material basis for tea ceremony. In addition, the contribution of Buddhism to the development of tea ceremony mainly includes three aspects.
Buddha tea is an activity that provides reference for the development of tea ceremony. Zheng Banqiao wrote a pair of couplets, which were beautifully written: "Celebrities can't swim in the water, and monks have been fighting for tea since ancient times." The continuous tea drinking activities in Buddhist temples are of great help to improve tea drinking technology and standardize tea drinking etiquette. During the Jubilee of the Southern Song Dynasty, large-scale tea banquets for thousands of people were often held, and the four-second tea drinking standard was included in the Baizhang Qing regulations. In modern times, some scholars believe that the Baizhang Purity Rule is a symbol of the combination of Buddhist tea ceremony and Confucian tea ceremony. Third, to truly understand the artistic conception of "Zen tea blindly", you have to rely on your own experience. This kind of experience can be felt through the practice of tea affairs. It can also be understood through tea tasting poems and tea tasting couplets. The following four couplets and four tea poems are very interesting and helpful to understand the artistic conception of "Zen tea blindly"