The music singing style of Wuyin Opera includes four main styles, including Youban, Sanban, Jiplanzhao, and Erban, including Lotus, Luodou Song, Crying to Mizi, Crying for Huang, Baby Tune, and Taipingnian. Fixed tunes such as jasmine, saw vat, gong, drum, yangko and so on.
Due to the continuous efforts of several generations of artists, the music of Wuyin Opera has created many new ban styles and tunes on the basis of inheriting the tradition, which has greatly enriched the expressive power of Wuyin Opera. The music and singing of Wuyin Opera is particularly outstanding in new modern plays and adaptations of famous works, and has been recognized by experts and audiences.
The yoban in music singing is commonly known as "adagio". It is one of the basic yoban forms of five-note opera. Its basic segment structure consists of two phrases, which have a strong echo relationship. It is divided into three types: slow, medium and fast, with Gong mode being the main mode.
Adagio, soothing and gentle, good at expressing emotions; medium tempo, smooth and light, suitable for talking and praising; Allegro, fast and compact, mostly used for expressions, clarification and other occasions.
Medium plate and allegro are also called "flow plates". A complete Youban singing tune starts from the ban and falls to the ban. If the words fall on the eye of the tail tune, it must be because of the addition of lining words in the lyrics.
The second part in music singing is also called "erban", which means one word and one word. Singing at a faster tempo, there is actually only one board, sometimes called the "flow board". It is commonly used by Laosheng, Xiaosheng, Laodan, Hualian, Wansheng, Chouxing and Huadan. It has a lively rhythm, almost chanting, and has a strong narrative nature. There are two modes: "Gong" and "Hui", with Gong mode being the main mode, and sometimes It can be broken down into two singing forms: tight and fast according to the needs of the plot.
A complete erbanying singing tune follows the singing rule of starting from the eyes and falling on the board. The fast erbanying, which is like a flowing water board, often turns into a flashing board with the eyes rising and falling. law.
The chicken planing claws in music singing are a fast-paced singing style that is rigid and fast-paced. It is flexible and changeable and is good at expressing passionate and hearty emotions. It is easy to match with other banqiang operas. It is a five-tone opera. One of the commonly used plate cavities. This singing method has a very close relationship with Youban and Erban. The upper and lower phrases form a section, and the structural scale of no less than four phrases constitutes a singing tune.
The ban pattern rules use one ban as a rhythm unit, each aria should have no less than 4 bans, the lyrics should have 10 words, and the number of bans occupied by the singing should be more than 10 bans. The characteristics are that the board rises and falls, the flashing board starts the cavity, and the falling sound must also end on the board. Another feature of its singing structure is that the upper and lower sentences are basically symmetrical, and the front and back sentences are basically symmetrical.
The Sanban in music singing has a special function in expressing the emotions of the characters. Its melody can be a long phrase, with the nature of a guide. After that, it is usually closely connected with the upper plate singing tune behind it. It can naturally appear at the beginning of the plate-eye singing tune, and then spread out and then go up the plate. It can also appear at the end of a singing tune that has a flat edge, becoming a flat tune, or it can appear in the middle of a singing tune.
This function must be followed closely by the new board, so that the whole singing style can be developed. More importantly, the loose board, as an independent style, can be used as a single singing tune and play a unique expressive role.
Although the rhythm of Sanban is free, it is also divided into two types: with and without Ban, namely the so-called "Sanban", "with Ban" and "Sanban without Ban". For example, if you sing tightly and slowly, The accompaniment must be followed by the singing. Singing without a plan mainly relies on the actors to control the rhythm.
Library is one of the two major components of opera language. It is closely integrated with the dialogue in opera and has become an important tool for characters in the play to communicate their thoughts and express their feelings. When the lyrics and music are combined to form a singing tune, it is used to speak for the characters in the play. Characters can express their thoughts and feelings directly to the audience through singing, thus playing an important role in promoting the plot of the opera.
All opera lyrics have their own structural rules. In the opera world, they are generally called "Zhekou". In Peking Opera, they are systematically divided into "Thirteen Zhe", namely Fahua, Suobo and Nixie. , Yiqi, Gusu, Huailai, Huidui, Yaotiao, Youqiu, Yanqian, Renchen, Jiangyang and Zhongdong are the 13 rhyme divisions. This is the unique nature of opera lyrics. In opera, whether it is Qupai style or Banqiang style lyrics, they are all created according to this rhythmic rule.
The development of lyrics. Wuyin Opera is a unique local opera popular on both sides of the Jiaoji Railway. Its popular range is east of Jinan, west of Qingdao, south of Huimin and north of Linqu. From the original Yangko tune to the current five-tone opera, after nearly 300 years of continuous improvement, it has gradually grown into a complete type of opera with banqiang tune.
According to the analysis of the surviving scripts, the lyrics of Wuyin Opera in its embryonic period appeared in the form of folk songs and slang. As far as the literary value of folk songs and slang is concerned, they are popular among the people and grassroots jingles, and cannot be considered elegant.
Later, due to the restriction of the popular regional scope and the fact that the actors sang in spoken dialects, the libretto structure of Wuyin Opera, while maintaining the general rules of libretto, also incorporated elements from Zibo, Jinan, and The regional dialects of Weifang, Binzhou and other places form the linguistic characteristics of Wuyin Opera. This is one of the important reasons why Wuyin Opera is welcomed by the broad masses of people in central Shandong and has strong artistic vitality.
The original singing of Wuyin Opera did not have a certain repertoire, let alone a fixed performance venue. It was a form of humming popular among the people and a way for Aunt Zhou to vent her sorrows. Because of its beautiful melody, simple and plaintive tone, it is easy to accept and is gradually accepted by the working people.
In the vast rural areas, villagers hum and sing while working during or after farming. They also compose many beautiful and melodious tunes, and add some improvisational simple life songs at any time. Stories enriched the content and form of performances, but the lyrics at that time were mostly in the form of jingles.
Later, with the continuous improvement of singing, many poor artists began to make a living through it. Singing on the door, singing on the street, and selling stools were the main means of making a living for food and money at that time, thus forming a five-member class. Singing form.
Through continuous innovation and improvement, Zhou Guzi Opera, known as the five-person troupe, has greatly improved and developed in terms of repertoire, singing, performance, costumes and props, and the staffing of actors and actresses.
Music has developed from the original folk songs to a performance method that mainly uses banqiang and also uses music. It has gradually moved away from the stool and developed into a stage performance, and the repertoire has also been enriched.
At this time, in order to cater to the needs of grassroots audiences, the lyrics of Wuyin Opera had a strong local flavor, and they mostly took as their themes the real life of working people, family ethics, especially the fate of women in the society at that time. . The singing and narration are mainly based on the native language of the actors, which makes the mass language rich, the oral literature is strong, the local color is strong, and it is deeply loved by the masses.
Characteristics of lyrics. The five-tone drama lyrics have a strong flavor of life and local color, rich vocabulary of the masses, and have the characteristics of folk oral literature. They mainly reflect the rural style and the love between children. These plays left a deep impression on the audience with their strong flavor of life and lively performance. The main features of its libretto include one-drum-one ear-tapping, appetizing, talking while singing or speaking and singing, and the libretto is not fixed, etc.