Category: Culture/Art>>Literature>>Drama

Analysis:

Qin Opera, also known as Luantan, originated from the West Qin Opera and is popular in northwest my country. In Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other places, because they use jujube wooden bangzi as the percussion instrument, it is also called "Bangzi Tune", commonly known as "Huanghuanzi" (because it makes a "wandering" sound when the bangzi is used to hit the knots) . The legend of "Bo Zhonglian" by an unknown person in the late Ming Dynasty used the tune of "The Second Offender of Western Qin Opera", so it is known that it originated from Gansu. Gansu was called Western Qin in ancient times, hence its name. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Dingwang, a native of Jingyang, Shaanxi Province, wrote "On Qin Opera", which shows that Qin Opera had developed into a mature stage at this time. During the Qianlong period, Wei Changsheng went to Beijing to perform Qin Opera, which caused a sensation in the capital. It has a direct impact on the formation of Bangzi tunes in various places.

Qinqiang singing is a variation of the plate style, divided into two types: happy sounds and bitter sounds. The former is good at expressing cheerful and joyful emotions; the latter is good at expressing grief, anger and desolate emotions. Choose and use according to the plot and characters in the play. The board styles include Adagio, Erliu, Dai Ban, Qi Ban, Pointed Ban, Rolling Ban and Coloratura. The drawl is particularly distinctive. The main instrument is banhu, with a sharp and crisp pronunciation.

The performances of Qin Opera are simple, rough, delicate and profound, touching with emotion and full of exaggeration. There are 13 roles in total, including four students, six dans, two jings and one chou, also known as the "Thirteen Heads of Nets". They are both good at performing, singing and doing. After the Revolution of 1911, the Yisu Society was established in Xi'an, specializing in Qin Opera. It reformed vigorously and absorbed the nutrients of Peking Opera and other operas. The singing style changed from high-pitched and passionate to soft and clear, preserving the original style while incorporating new styles.

Qin Opera has evolved into different schools due to different popular areas: the one popular in Dali and Pucheng in the Weinan area of ??eastern Guanzhong is called Donglu Qin Opera (i.e. Tongzhou Jiazi, also called Lao Qin Opera) , East Road Bangzi); popular in Fengxiang, Qishan, Longxian in the Baoji region of central and western Guanxi and Tianshui in Gansu Province, called Xilu Qinqiang (also called Xifu Qinqiang, West Road Bangzi); popular in Yangxian and Chenggu in the Hanzhong area There are Han operas in Hanzhong, Hanzhong, and Mianxian (actually called Nanlu Qin opera, also called Han opera, Qin opera, and Huanhuan opera); those popular in Xi'an are called Zhonglu Qin operas (that is, Xi'an Luantan). The west part of it entered Sichuan and became Bangzi; the east part became Shanxi Opera, Henan Opera, and Hebei Bangzi. Therefore, Qin Opera can be regarded as the originator of Peking Opera, Henan Opera, Jin Opera, and Hebei Bangzi. Due to the influence of local dialects and folk music, various Qin operas have slight differences in pronunciation, singing, music and other aspects. In the past fifty years, the development of the East, West and South Shain Opera has tended to stagnate and is likely to be replaced by the Middle Shain Opera.

According to current statistics, there are about 3,000 repertoires performed by Qin Opera, most of which are based on the talents of heroes from the "Liu Guo", "Three Kingdoms", "Yang Family Generals", "Shuo Yue" and other dramas. Legends or tragedies, as well as myths, folk tales and various koan dramas. It has rich traditional repertoire, with 2,748 copies preserved.

Among the outstanding actors of Qin Opera, in addition to Wei Changsheng, a great artist from the north and south of the Qing Dynasty, there are also Wang Xiangyun, Chen Yubi (good official), who is known as the Four Beauties of the Flower Department, and Shen Xianglin of the Weinan School, Tongzhou Luan Xiaohui from the Zhouzhi faction, Tao Suoer from the Zhouzhi faction, Yue Sezi from the Chang'an faction, etc. In the middle and late Guangxu period, there were Runrunzi, Yu Xier, Chen Yunong, Dang Ganting, Zhao Jiemin, Li Yunting (pockmarked red), Liu Lijie (carpenter red), Wang Wenpeng, etc. Since the Revolution of 1911, there have been famous Ugly Ma civilians, including niche students Su Zhemin and Su Yumin, Dan Liu Zhensu (known as "keeping pace" with Ouyang Yuqian), Wang Tianmin (known as "Northwestern Mei Lanfang"), Li Zhengmin (known as "Qin Opera" Authentic"), He Zhenzhong, Song Shanghua, etc. Their names were Jingtian Denian and Xu, who gave birth to He Jiayan, Geng Shanmin, Zhang Suozhong, Liu Yuzhong and Liu Yiping. In particular, Qinqiang performing artists Chen Yunong, Wang Wenpeng, Dang Ganting, Li Zhengmin, Wang Tianmin, Liu Yuzhong, as well as editors of the original "Sanyi Society" Li Yisheng and Su Zhemin, etc., have made innovations in singing, performance, makeup and modeling.