1. Break the symmetry of the melody, do not pay attention to its singing ability, and use more angular and sharp lines. The result is that it is difficult to sing and remember.

2. Rhythm emphasizes irregularity, unpredictability and asymmetry. Often in odd number of beats, such as 5 beats (3+2 or 2+3), 7 beats or 9 beats per measure. Sometimes the bar lines are broken, compound beats are often used, and the beats are often changed.

3. New harmonic structures are often used, such as compound chords, that is, different chords are played at the same time (for example, a major triad on A and a major triad on E are played at the same time); degree relationship, and use the relationship of fourths and fifths to form chords; use chords that continuously accumulate in the relationship of thirds to form sound blocks, "skyscraper chords", etc., resulting in dissonant effects.

4. In terms of tonality, the major and minor key systems are not used, but medieval modes or folk modes are used. Sometimes the three chords are not the center, but the central chord is the center; compound tonality and double tonality are often used. Tonality (mainly two or more tones) and atonality; using an average of twelve tones, excluding various relationships between major and minor keys, etc.

5. Use unconventional sounds and use non-traditional playing methods to play traditional instruments, such as using tongues for wind instruments and bows for string instruments. Generally speaking, the mixed timbres of Romanticism are less used in the texture, and the complexity of the texture is reduced. Different timbres are used to play different phrases. The large band is turned into a small band, and the style of chamber music is restored. The expressive strings are constantly It is no longer the heart of the band, but emphasizes percussion, alto, woodwinds, celesta and other musical instruments with metallic sounds. French horns are often replaced by trumpets, pianos are added to the band, etc.