1. Johann Sebastian Bach (March 21, 1685 - July 28, 1750), born in Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany, Baroque German composer and keyboardist during the period?.

In 1700, he went to Lüneburg and entered the choir of Michel School. From 1703 to 1707, he served in Arnstadt and Mülhausen. In 1708, he went to Weimar to serve as the organist of the palace church. During his nine years in office, he composed a large number of organ music and cantatas, and studied French fortepiano music and Italian string works.

In 1717, he was employed by Cotten and served as court music director and keyboard player at the residence of Prince Leopold. During this period, he composed a large number of secular instrumental music works, such as violin concertos, various Sonatas, Suites, Inventions, "Brandenburg Concertos", and the first volume of "The Well-Tempered Clavier".

In 1723, he went to Leipzig and worked in the city for 27 years, serving as choir conductor and music director of St. Thomas Church. During this period, he created important religious and secular music works. Including "Matthew Passion", "John Passion", "Mass in B minor", as well as cantatas, motets, eulogies, etc. In 1749, his eyesight deteriorated and he later became blind. Bach died in Leipzig on July 28, 1750, at the age of 65.

2. Leopold Mozart

Leopold Mozart was born in 1719. He was a composer, conductor, music teacher and violinist Leopold does not enjoy a high reputation in the history of Western music, but he is better known as the father and enlightenment teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Leopold Mozart had 7 children, but 5 of them died prematurely. Only the youngest son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, survived to adulthood. and his sister Maria Anna Mozart.

On the other hand, it is worth mentioning that Leopold Mozart, a violin performance educator, wrote the most important violin education document at that time - "A Treatise on the Basic Principles of Violin Performance" (Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule).

Leopold Mozart was born in 1719. As a composer, conductor, music teacher and violinist, Leopold did not enjoy an overly high reputation in the history of Western music. reputation, and is better known as the father and first teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Leopold Mozart had 7 children, but 5 of them died prematurely. Only the youngest son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, survived to adulthood. and his sister Maria Anna Mozart.

On the other hand, it is worth mentioning that Leopold Mozart, a violin performance educator, wrote the most important violin education document at that time - "A Treatise on the Basic Principles of Violin Performance" (Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule).

3. Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven (December 16 or 17, 1770 - 1827 March 26, 2011), born in Bonn, the Holy Roman Empire - the Electorate of Cologne, is one of the representatives of the Vienna Classical School and a composer of the European Classical Period.

Beethoven spent his childhood under the strict and harsh education of his father, which created his stubborn, sensitive and excited character. He settled in Vienna for the rest of his life at the age of 22. The Third Symphony, composed between 1803 and 1804, marked the mature stage of his creation. In the following more than 20 years, his numerous musical works pushed classical music to its peak through strong artistic appeal and grandeur, and heralded the arrival of romantic music in the 19th century. Beethoven died in Vienna on March 26, 1827, at the age of 57.

Beethoven created a wide range of themes throughout his life, and his important works include 9 symphonies, 1 opera, 32 piano sonatas, 5 piano concertos, multiple orchestral overtures, and violin and cello sonatas. Because of his significant contribution to classical music and his development and innovation of sonata form and symphony suite structure, he was honored as the "Saint of Music" and "King of Symphony" by later generations.

4. Richard Wagner

Richard Wagner (May 22, 1813 - February 13, 1883) was born in Leipzig, Germany. German composer and conductor during the Romantic period.

In 1833, he officially started his career as a musician and composed the opera "La Sylphide" in the same year. In 1843, "The Flying Dutchman" premiered at the Dresden Opera House, and Wagner's reputation was established. In 1845, Tannh?user premiered at the Dresden Palace Theater. In 1849, Wagner began his more than ten years of exile.

In 1850, Franz Liszt conducted the premiere of "Lohengrin" in Weimar. In 1864, Ludwig II admired Wagner's talent and decided to pay off his debts, and Wagner's fate took a turn. In 1865, "Tristan and Isolde" premiered at the Hoftheater in Munich. In 1868, "Meistersinger of Nuremberg" premiered in Munich. The play established Wagner's dominant position in German music.

In 1874, the 26-year creation process of the quartet of "The Ring of the Nibelungs" came to an end. In 1876, "The Ring of the Nibelung" premiered in Bayreuth under the baton of Hans Richter, causing a sensation in the European cultural circles. In 1882, "Parsifal" premiered at the 3rd Bayreuth Festival. He died in Venice of a heart attack on February 13, 1883.

5. Franz Joseph Haydn

Franz Joseph Haydn (March 31, 1732 - May 31, 1809), Born in southern Austria, Rolau was a composer during the classical period and the founder of the Vienna classical music school.

In 1740, he became a member of the children's choir of St. Stephen's Cathedral Choir. From 1751 to 1753, he composed his first opera "The Cunning Devil". In 1755, the first string quartets were composed. In 1759, he served as music director to Count Ferdinand Molkin, the first official appointment of his career, and in the same year he composed the First Symphony.

During the 30 years from 1761 to 1791, he served at the Esterhazy court and composed most of the musical works in his life, including symphonies, instrumental concertos, string quartets, and piano sonatas. , opera, etc. From 1792 to 1794, he visited London, England twice, during which he composed 12 "London Symphonies".

In 1798, he composed the oratorio "Genesis", which was first performed at the Royal Theater in Vienna. In 1801, he created the oratorio "The Four Seasons". In 1808, to celebrate his 76th birthday, he appeared in public for the last time. Haydn died in Vienna on May 31, 1809, at the age of 77.

Haydn was a prolific composer. In his lifetime, he composed more than 100 symphonies, more than 80 string quartets, about 30 operas, as well as masses, religious liturgical music, cantatas, oratorios, etc. Because of his contribution to the field of symphony and quartet, he was awarded the title of "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet". At the same time, he was nicknamed "Haydn's Dad" because of his good-natured nature, love for children, and caring for his subordinates.