Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-175)

Bach's family has produced many musical talents in the past 2 years, among which Johann Sabastan Bach, who is known as the "Great Bach" in the world, is the most outstanding. Bach (1685-175) was a great musician in the Baroque era, who created countless excellent Baroque music. There have been more than 5 musicians in the Bach family from his great-grandfather to his children and grandchildren in the past 2 years, so that the name Bach has become synonymous with musicians. The last member of the Bach family died in 1871, and this great musical family ended here.

Bach has superb counterpoint skills, vivid description, enthusiasm and brilliance, and he can write a lot of music without special stimulation. Bach's music works are vast, although most of them have been lost, but only more than 5 pieces remain. So far, few people in the music world can compare with him. Bach made great contributions to music all his life and was known as the "father of music". However, he didn't have a prominent position during his lifetime, and he didn't get the respect he deserved. Most of his works were not published or understood by people.

Bach's works are too many, and now only the following are listed as the first choice for lovers. The famous popular violin solo Chant on the G String, Violin Sonata in G minor, Cello Suite No.5 (6 cello suite accompanied by Kubinashi), the landmark in the history of orchestral music, the most approachable organ work Fugue in G minor, and the representative work of secular organ music Tocata and Fugue in D minor are known as "Musically". Fantasia and fugue in the first place among piano music works in the 18th century, Italian Concerto (Piano), Passion of Matthew and Dedication of Music, one of Bach's most perfect music works, etc. He is not only the most representative composer in Europe during the Baroque period, but also the originator of modern western music, so he is also known as the "father of music". Bach worked as an organist in St. Brahus Church in Murhausen in his early years. In 178, he began to work in Weimar Court as an organist and court musician. In 1723, he became the chorus leader of St. Thomas Church in Leipzig, and he stayed in Sri Lanka until his death.

Bach's improvisation of organ was popular in the world. As far as composition is concerned, his creation can be divided into three stages. That is, the Weimar era dominated by organ music, the Cohen era dominated by instrumental music and orchestral music, and the Leipzig era dominated by religious music such as oratorios and chants. Bach enjoyed an extremely lofty position in the history of music, but after his death, his music declined for a time, thanks to the great efforts of Leipzig musicians such as Mendelssohn in the early 19th century.

Bach has a wide variety of music. Except for opera, he left a large number of works in various music fields. At present, the number of Bach's works used is Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (abbreviated as BWV), which was set by German musician Schmidt in 1958.

1685 is an extremely important year in the history of classical music, which was the year when Bach and Han Deer were born at the same time. Bach was born in Einah, and Han Deer was born in Haller. The two towns are not far apart, and both belong to the root area of Saxony hills in central Germany. There have been famous musicians in this area since ancient times, but it has not become an important stage in the history of music like Italy, France, Britain, Vienna and Munich.

~ When there is a dragon in the auspicious place, there is a name ~

However, it is a coincidence that two outstanding musicians were born in the same region and in the same era, which pushed the history of European music to the highest peak.

But the other thing is incredible. Bach and Handel have never met each other in their whole lives.

Bach, known as the "father of music", was born in a musical family with hills and regions since ancient times. His father's name is Johann Ambrosius Bach, a great imitation composer in modern times, a representative of baroque music, with many works and lofty status.

It can be seen that the Bach family occupies an incomparable position in the history of music. As long as the name Bach is mentioned in the hilly root area, it can be said that no one knows it and no one knows it.

Bach's family is large in number, but very United. They hold religious festivals every year, where people exchange information and get together to play music. Those who have new works also take the opportunity to show their talents. They finally ended the party by singing "Zaqu". The so-called "Quodlibert" is music that connects all kinds of tunes together and plays at one time.

~ The family that produced music man ~

There are few historical records about Bach's childhood. He was first taught violin and viola by his father. In the Bach family, it is not surprising that children have musical talent, because almost every Bach has this genius. When Bach was ten years old, his parents died one after another, and he was raised by his eldest brother and studied the clavichord with him. At the age of fifteen, Bach studied at Mihail School in Lueneburg, and the school gave him a very generous scholarship to encourage him to learn. Here, Bach learned all kinds of skills with the outstanding musicians in the school, and then went to Hamburg, Lubeck and other cities with high musical standards for further study.

Before going to Lubeck, Bach worked as an organist in Aaron. Being with the Organ day and night, he devoted himself to studying the organ, and therefore, organ music became the focus of his creation. Among his many organ music, "Preludes and Fugues" is the most prominent, and he can perfectly combine "Preludes and fugues" to achieve extraordinary results.

~ The unusual behavior caused a storm ~

When he arrived in Lubeik, Bach stayed for four months, which made the officials in Aaron city very dissatisfied. In addition, his organ performance is regarded as suspected of disturbing faith; In addition, he planted his cousin Maria in the church choir without authorization, which finally caused a storm in the city. Therefore, Bach had to pack up his bags and leave Aaron City.

Bach later married Maria and moved to Weimar as a local court organist and court musician, where he wrote the best organ music. In order to cope with the court concert, he wrote many chamber music. Some of his violin solos, works of this period, are very abstruse in both technique and connotation.

Thanks to the appreciation of Grand Duke Ernst of Weimar, Bach enjoyed his stay here for nine years. At this time, Bach's communication was gradually broadened, and he formed a close friend with Telimen, who was famous for his reputation. Bach's second son also recognized Telimen as his adoptive father. He made friends with his cousin Walter, and gained a lot from him, so his works were based on many Italian composers, such as fugue in C minor (BWV 574) and songs in D minor (BWV 588).

during the Weimar period, Bach gave birth to three sons, all of whom later became important musicians. Bach moved from Weimar to Corden in 1717 as the court musician; Corden is completely different from Weimar, and the scene of worship is gorgeous and grand. Bach learned many musical instruments here. He also publicly performed organ music for the citizens of the whole city, which surprised everyone and made the audience crazy. At this time, he wrote many secular works. Today, the six "Brandenburg Concertos" that we are familiar with are masterpieces of Corden's period. Bach once dedicated this set of music to Sir Brandenburg, but it was not taken seriously, but was shelved and later discovered by the world.

~ Thunderbolt after a sunny day ~

Bach also wrote many ancient piano pieces. Because he often played in Corden and also instructed his son's piano skills, he wrote specially, such as "French Suite" and "English Suite". As teaching materials, there are "Inventions in Two Parts and Three Parts". Bach developed a small motivation with an idea. Another set of his masterpieces, "The Collection of Classical Piano with Average Rhythm", came out in 1722, which later became a model work for learning piano.

The days in Corden are the happiest period among Bach doctors. He is highly respected in the court and enjoys his family at home. But the good times didn't last long. In June 172, when Bach traveled with Duke Leopold to the Bohemian hot spring resort of Carlsbad, Maria died. By the time he returned to Corden, she had been buried for more than a month.

this incident is a very painful blow to Bach. Bach, who was disheartened, was also concerned about the problem of his sons going to college. Corden is just a small town with no university. For Bach, it is more suitable to take over the position of chorus leader of Thomas Church in Leipzig. This position is the most important musician position in the central German church, and it has been held by excellent composers since ancient times. Bach's predecessor was Kuhnau, and he was also a composer famous for his classical piano works. Bach moved to Leipzig in 1723, and all the families were proud that he ascended this important position.

~ The second spring of the father of music ~

In order to take care of the children and concentrate on composing music, Bach married Anna Maglina. She is as wise as Bach's ex-wife, and comes from a musical family, which helped Bach a lot. Her handwriting is very similar to Bach's, so it is difficult for future generations to recognize it.

Anna also gave birth to several children for Bach. Of course, these children are destined to take music as their career. Among them, two sons, John Christopher and John Kristen, are outstanding and famous. Bach had twenty children, several of whom died shortly after birth.

When playing Bach's works, most piano learners should first play "A Collection of Piano Essays for Anna Magrina". This song is an outstanding work that Bach sincerely dedicated to his wife.

At work, Bach is obliged to provide a new oratorio every Sunday. These include selecting lyrics, copying music, directing chorus, orchestra and soloist, all of which have to be completed in one week. Although the burden is heavy, Bach has never stopped. Unfortunately, not all these music scores have been handed down. So far, there are less than 2 songs, but it is also very impressive. Among them, "farmers' oratorios" and "coffee oratorios" are more interesting and famous.

Christmas and Easter are important events in the church, and Bach has a heavy responsibility, so he can't help writing music about them. Bach specially compiled the Sunday around Christmas and the festival oratorios together, and compiled a famous drama-"Christmas drama", which mainly described the story of the birth of Christ Jesus. Up to today, Bach's "Christmas drama" is still staged in some cities in Germany every Christmas, which shows that this work is solemn, sacred and wonderful. The performance at Easter is "Passion Song", which is based on the Gospel of the Bible and describes the story of Jesus' crucifixion. Bach started writing as early as Kirgiz and didn't finish it until Leipzig. Two or three years after Bach finished "John's Passion", in 1729, he finished a more touching "Matthew's Passion", which was a grand four-hour performance and was an unprecedented religious work.

During his stay in Leipzig, Bach was overwhelmed by work every day, so he liked to go out and play the organ for people. Bach, who is over 5 years old, is not as diligent in composing music as before. In 1744, he completed the second volume of "The Collection of Classical Piano Music with Equal Rhythm".

~ dust-covered masterpieces finally see the sun ~

Bach's second son, Karl Philippe Emmanuel, was already an outstanding musician at that time. He worked as a harpsichord player in the court of Frederick II in Prussia.

Bach's last work "The Art of Fugue" in his later years is a great piece, in which he fully exerts profound counterpoint skills. At that time, Bach didn't seem to expect this work to be so widely spread. It was sealed for 15 years before it was taken out for performance. This work is for the music itself, and it doesn't specify what instrument to play. Therefore, today's playing methods include string ensemble, organ, piano and harpsichord solo. Undoubtedly, this work is Bach's highest masterpiece.

~ Now I'm going to the throne of the Lord ~

Bach was blind in his later years, which was very painful. There are many reasons for his blindness, one is that he copied music by candlelight when he was young, and the other is that the laws and regulations are for officials in Leipzig, giving him too much work. Another possibility is that it is inherited, and my cousin Walter was blind in his later years. In order to see again, he invited Taylor, a famous British ophthalmologist, to operate on him. Unfortunately, he failed, which made his condition worse. The indomitable old chorus leader still made an organ chant orally, "Now I am going to the throne of the Lord".

On July 18th, 175, Bach struggled for another ten days after a flash of light. On July 28th, he finally passed away, and a generation of masters died.