1. Sound principle: Lusheng is a free reed instrument, and its sound principle is similar to that of a harmonica. The reed produces sound by blowing vibration. Sheng is a free-reed aeroacoustic instrument, which is composed of several copper reeds. The airflow vibrates the reed by blowing air, thus producing sound.

2. Range: Lusheng has a wide range and can play relatively low tones, including A2-G5 intervals. Sheng's range is relatively narrow, and most of them are minor intervals like D3-F5.

3. Structure and appearance: Lusheng is mainly composed of tube, reed flute and regulating groove. From the appearance, the tube of Lusheng is very long, usually made of bamboo, and the mouth of Lusheng is very big. Sheng's pipe body is short and thick, generally made of brass, and there are several sound holes on the pipe body. In appearance, the mouth of an ordinary sheng is smaller.

4. Usage and musical style: Lusheng is usually used in folk bands and group music performances, and is common in southern China, such as Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. Lusheng is good at playing music with passion and national characteristics. Sheng is a common musical instrument in northern China, which is often used in court music, guqin ensemble and other occasions. Ordinary sheng has a soft and elegant tone and is good at playing classical music and court music.