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Discrimination between fever music and fever audio

As far as I know, many people listen to music through the computer sound system. It is impossible to appreciate the classic fever music well by computer speakers alone. After all, the sound source can't completely recover its original sound quality after being compressed and decoded by the computer. In my study, I sorted out some fever music and the identification of fever sound for everyone to learn and communicate together.

(1) Classification of lossless music formats:

In the field of audio compression, there are two compression methods, namely lossy compression and lossless compression. We often see MP3, WMA and OGG as lossy compression. As the name implies, lossy compression is to reduce the audio sampling frequency and bit rate, and the output audio file will be smaller than the original file.

another kind of audio compression is called lossless compression. Lossless compression can reduce the volume of the audio file under the premise of 1% preservation of all the data of the original file, and after the compressed audio file is restored, it can achieve the same size and the same bit rate as the original file. At present, lossless compression formats are APE, FLAC and WAV, which are common. Let's compare these two lossless compression formats:

FLAC is the abbreviation of Free Lossless Audio Codec, which is a very mature lossless compression format, and its reputation is not below APE! The source code of this format is completely open and compatible with almost all operating system platforms. Its coding algorithm is quite mature, and it has passed the rigorous test, and it can still play normally when the coding is damaged. In addition, this format is the first lossless format that has been widely supported by hardware. World-renowned digital products such as Karma, a hard disk walkman from Rio, MusicKeg, a car stereo from Jianwu, and digital players from PhatBox can all support FLAC format.

APE is Monkeys Audio, which is a format generated by compressing WAV audio. The compressed APE file is about half smaller than the original WAV, but this compression method is not destructive compression. If this APE file is decompressed and restored, the obtained WAV file is exactly the same as the original WAV file, so APE is also called lossless audio compression format.

WAV format is a sound file format developed by Microsoft, also called waveform sound file, which is the earliest digital audio format and widely supported by Windows platform and its applications. WAV format supports many compression algorithms, a variety of audio bits, sampling frequencies and channels, and adopts sampling frequencies of 44 and 1kHz and 16-bit quantization bits, so the sound quality of WAV format is almost the same as that of CD, but WAV format requires too much storage space for communication and propagation.

(2) After we know clearly what lossless music is, let's talk about how to appreciate music:

We listen to music mainly in three parts: treble, alto and bass (in fact, it's the same as painting: bright side, gray side and dark side, and a work needs three sides to have a three-dimensional effect). Many people will say that everyone knows this, but how to distinguish and locate these scales? As long as the loudness of a small sound is slightly increased, the human ear can feel it, but when the loudness of the sound is increased to a certain value, even if there is a big increase, the feeling of the human ear has no obvious change.

Generally, the audible sound is divided into three parts according to the frequency doubling relationship to determine the high, medium and low tones, that is, the bass frequency band is 2 Hz-16 Hz; Midrange frequency band 16 Hz-2 kHz; The treble band is 2 Hz-2 kHz. Bass band: people who play fever stereo often say that bass is the soul of a piece of music!

In the music played by a good stereo, the bass is compact, accurate, strong and clean (representative musical instruments: drums, cellos, etc.). Midrange band: This band is the favorite band of human ears, and it should be sweet, delicate and natural in music. Our voice is within this band, but the frequency band of women is slightly higher than that of men, so men prefer to listen to women, and women talk more (representative instruments: horn, guitar, etc.). High-pitched band: If bass is the soul of a piece of music, then high-pitched is the essence of this piece of music, and high-pitched sounds should be clear, sweet, round and smooth (representative instruments: violin, flute, etc.).

For example, Cai Qin's "The Ferry", you can carefully taste the high, medium and low sounds in it. First of all, the bass drum is full and powerful, the sound of guitar is crisp and smooth, Cai Qin's voice is magnetic, the alto is very soft, and the sound of guitar and wooden fish is very rhythmic as accompaniment. The sound of a violin is interspersed occasionally, and the playing technique is very delicate and rich in texture. Several musical instruments are intertwined with Cai Qin's voice, and the helpless and sad realm of a pair of lovers when they are about to leave is brought into full play.

(3) Elements of Hi-Fi

1. Sound quality. "Quality" is an innate nature, and sound quality refers to the quality of sound, which many people confuse with "timbre". What is the quality of sound? Take the simplest example: when you say that a pair of shoes are of good quality, you must mean that they fit, are comfortable and wear-resistant, not that their shapes are beautiful or fashionable. Similarly, timbre refers to the internal quality of sound, while timbre can be understood as the external image.

2. timbre. Timbre refers to the color of sound. TONE QUALITY and TIMBRE (timbre or TONE COLOR) are not the same thing at a glance. We often hear the saying that this violin is really cold and this violin is really warm, which means the violin's timbre. Sound, like light, is colored, but it is not seen with the eyes, but heard with the ears. Generally, the warmer the timbre, the softer the sound; The colder the timbre, the harder the sound. Just like cloth, the quality of cloth refers to its material, but the color of cloth refers to its color, and there are still obvious boundaries during this period.

3. The distribution and control of the sense of quantity in high, medium and low frequency bands. This project is easy to understand, but it is also easy to misunderstand the text transmission. How can I put it? Everyone will say: this pair of speakers has too strong treble and too little bass, which is the sense of quantity distribution in high, medium and low frequency bands. The problem is that if the bandwidth from 2Hz to 2 Hz is divided into three segments, it will inevitably lead to "inaccurate" confusion. Therefore, a long time ago, some people referred to the bandwidth of musical instruments and the name of the orchestra to sound, and divided the frequency of 2 Hz-2 kHz into seven sections: extremely low frequency, low frequency, medium frequency, medium frequency, high frequency and extremely high frequency.

4. sound stage's performance. What exactly is "sound stage"? In America, "Sound Field" and "Sound Stage" are two nouns. "Sound Field" is a space filled with the whole sound; "Sound Stage" refers to the arrangement of bands on the stage (including width, depth, height and height). In China, what we call "sound stage" actually refers to "Sound Stage"; As for "Sound Field", we have already replaced it with another term, that is "sense of space". Therefore, when we refer to "the shape of sound stage", we mean the arrangement shape of the orchestra regenerated by your equipment.

We can listen to sound stage's performance from the following points: 1. The position of sound stage; Second, the width of sound stage; Third, the depth of sound stage.

5. Sense of density and weight of sound. The so-called sound density is like a kilogram of cotton and a kilogram of iron, and the density of iron is of course much larger; Therefore, although the two have the same weight, the iron gives people a much greater sense of weight. What does it sound like when the sound density is high? Strings are sticky, wind music is thick and full, and percussion instruments will have the feeling of air vibration. Finally, instruments and voices will sound more stable, solid and realistic.

6, transparency. Transparency is almost a term that can only be understood but cannot be expressed. Some records and equipment sound very clear, while others are like a layer of fog, as long as people with certain fever experience have this feeling. Transparency is a very important link for enthusiasts, because if transparency is not good, it will also affect the judgment of other items. The best sense of transparency is soft, and it sounds that the ears will not be tired; Poor transparency is like sunshine that hurts the eyes. Although it is clear, it hurts.

7. sense of hierarchy. The sense of hierarchy is easy to understand, which refers to whether the interval between the rows of musical instruments from the front to the back can be clearly regenerated. As far as television is concerned, if dark gray and black can be distinguished, there is a sense of hierarchy. The same is true for acoustics. The arrangement of bands will not be mixed together, which means they have a good sense of hierarchy. What's more, we have to hear the space between musical instruments, so that we can have the best sense of hierarchy.

8. sense of positioning. As the name implies, the sense of positioning is to "set the position there". If gathering is not allowed, the sense of positioning will be poor, and if the image cohesion is not good, the sense of positioning will not work, and the poor handling of each link during recording will also lead to the drift of positioning; Even in our listening space, the poor ratio of direct sound to reflected sound will lead to inaccurate positioning. In short, the poor sense of positioning may be caused by many reasons. We don't care how it is formed. What we require is that the musical instrument or voice should be embossed and clearly "fixed" there. Don't move when it shouldn't move, and don't mess when it shouldn't.

9. Feel alive. The so-called sense of life can be said to be the other side of instantaneous response, speed sense and strength contrast. It makes you listen to music very lively, not lifeless. This is an important factor in whether the music is good or not, just as an excellent conductor can make the music full of life; And poor conductors often make music lifeless, which is the sense of life in music.

1. Image-forming force and sense of body. As the name implies, the cohesive force is the ability to condense illusory audio and video into entities. In other words, it is the ability to make people's voices or musical instruments show three-dimensional sense. Many enthusiasts tend to classify this as (sense of body), but we think it can be more specific to use image power and sense of body. Sound equipment with good image cohesion will make audio and video more embossed and stereoscopic, which is what we often say, the shadow of audio and video outline is clearer.

11. Analytical power. This term is the easiest to understand. Anyone who has played with a camera knows the gap between the resolution of the lens and the quality of the lens. People who watch TV also know that their TV can analyze a piece of black hair without mixing at all, which is a good performance of analysis. Good audio equipment, even subtle and complicated things, can be clearly expressed, which is analytical power. However, it must be emphasized that analytical power does not represent all the details of regeneration and layering.

12. Sense of speed and instantaneous response. In fact, the sense of speed refers to the result of instantaneous reaction, and it is also a concrete manifestation of the rising time and rotation rate of equipment. Foreigners usually describe this as a reaction rather than a sense of speed. For the old Chinese, the sense of speed is easier to understand than the instantaneous response. Basically, these two nouns refer to the speed of various reactions of equipment. I think there is no need to explain it here.

13. Strength contrast and dynamic contrast. The contrast between strength and weakness can also be said to be what foreigners call dynamic contrast, that is, the contrast between loud and quiet. Generally speaking, the contrast between strength and weakness can also be divided into "strong contrast" and "minimal contrast". We often say that classical music is very dynamic, which means that there is a great contrast between its loudest and loudest. What is the dynamic contrast with minimal contrast? That is, a subtle contrast between strength and weakness. In the simplest terms, the contrast between strength and weakness should be like this: the great contrast between strength and weakness is the waves beating on the rock shore; The smallest contrast between strength and weakness is the fluctuation of the lake under the breeze.

14. The ratio of musical instruments to human voices. What is the reasonable ratio of musical instrument to human voice? Idealists believe that the orchestra should be reduced in proportion to the actual size and put in the listening room at home. In fact, this is impossible. Let's take the simplest example: when the piano and the violin are playing sonatas, the shape of the piano is many times more than that of the violin. If you don't increase the volume of the violin when recording, the violin is often submerged by the piano. The correct proportion of musical instruments to human voices is not just reduced by the rules, but made according to reasonable musical requirements. Musical instruments are like this, so are human voices. We often hear some DJ music, which will lead to this phenomenon. We only hear a strong rhythm, but the voice is very small and the feeling is not good.

15. The texture and air sense of musical instruments and voices. What we are talking about here is not the texture of the sound quality, but the texture of the action at the moment when the instrument is played and hit. Therefore, when we say: "the violin has a good texture of wiping strings", it means "it records like a violin". As for "air sense", what is it? In fact, it means the feeling of blowing. To put it more clearly, "air sense" is the feeling of sound wave vibration. The so-called texture also refers to the "fax degree", most of which is the feeling of the moment after "contact".

16, details regeneration. Details probably refer to the details of musical instruments, the subtle reproduction of hall sounds and all the noises in the recording space. It is easy to compare the details of a piece of audio equipment by AB Test. Why do some equipment reproduce more details? We think this is related to low distortion, high signal-to-noise ratio, high sensitivity, resolution and transparency. Equipment with few details sounds flat and boring; Detailed equipment sounds interesting.

17. sense of space. We often say that if a sound system (including equipment, records and space) can "make sound stage emerge", then it must also "see" the sense of space. Please note that it is "seeing" rather than "hearing". sound stage and a sense of space that really performs well can definitely be "seeing" rather than just "hearing". What is a sense of space? That is the three-dimensional physical size of the recording place. In order to fully express the sense of space, it is absolutely necessary to reproduce excellent details, especially the reproduction of "Tang Yin".

18. overall balance. Any record and audio equipment should be as balanced as conducting and controlling an orchestra. This is like a band in which everyone is a master soloist, but if everyone shows off and doesn't listen to the conductor's interpretation, the overall balance of the band will be poor, so it is not a good band. Regarding this, we can't measure it by scale. To distinguish the overall balance is just like listening to more concerts to distinguish the quality of an orchestra. We can only judge it by our rich listening experience.

19, equipment personality. Records and audio equipment are all like people, with their own personalities. Some sound like gentlemen, while others sound like prodigals. Some are gentle like ladies, and some are warm like Carmen; Because of different personalities, it is necessary to be as cautious as a marriage event in collocation. Two pieces of hot-tempered equipment together will definitely make you hard to digest. On the contrary, two pieces of warm water and slow doctor will be anxious to death. Therefore, the cognition of equipment personality is absolutely necessary.

2, equipment collocation. As mentioned earlier, every record and every piece of equipment has its own personality, and it is improper.