Where does the word businessman come from? How did a businessman get up? Xiaoyi Search has brought detailed articles for your reference.
The Shang Dynasty was the first recorded dynasty in Chinese history. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the Song Kingdom had its capital located in the south of Shangqiu, Henan Province. It was a country that was named its monarch by Duke Zhou in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The monarch was a descendant of Wei Qi. When the monarchs of the Song Dynasty were priests to their ancestors, there was a song praising the ancestors of the Shang Dynasty called The Mysterious Bird. The first sentence is the legend about the birth of Qi, the ancestor of the Shang clan. The mysterious bird of fate was born to be a businessman, and its house is Yinhedi; meaning: the Emperor of Heaven ordered the swallow to lay eggs, give birth to a business contract, and live in the vast land of the Shang Dynasty.
Why is Shang also called Yin? According to legend, Qi lived in the Shang Dynasty after his birth and now lives in Shangqiu, Henan. When he grew up, he was granted the title of Shang by Shun because he helped control the water, so the Shang clan was called Shang. After Shang Tang conquered Xia, the dynasty established was called Shang. When it was passed to King Pan Geng, he moved the king to Yin, so Zhou people called it Yin of Shang Dynasty, and later generations also called it Yin Shang.
Qi was from the era of Yao and Shun. Because he helped Dayu control the floods, he was granted a surname by Shun in a commercial place. Merchants developed from contracts; the era of Yao and Shun was the end of patriarchal society. It is impossible for Qi to only know his mother but not his father. Therefore, it is said that his father was the great-grandson of Huangdi, his mother was Rong's daughter, and Rong was his second wife; in short, the descendants of the Shang people knew nothing about their ancestors. In front of Qi, who else can say that Qi is Yan Fei's son.
Qi died before the founding of the People's Republic of China. His son was lighting up, and according to the characteristics of the nomadic people, he migrated through aquatic plants in search of abundant water sources to live in a lush place. He rode his horse across the Yellow River and walked north to a place called Stone. To the north of Xingtai, I saw abundant water sources and lush aquatic plants, so I settled here.
Lighting developed a large amount of animal husbandry in Shiru, which caused covetousness and invasion from some surrounding tribes. So after Wright's death, his son Xiangtu led the Shang clan and herds of cattle back to the old base. According to legend, Xiangtu rode a horse, which means that Xiangtu invented the use of horses to carry things and pull carts. After returning to commercial land, Xiangtu changed his past nomadic life and began to settle down and engage in animal husbandry. At the same time, he also started farming and using horses as a means of transportation.
With the continuous development of the Shang nation, the status of Hou is also constantly changing. While the Shang Dynasty was waiting for the ghost, the Xia Dynasty ordered the regulation of the Yellow River. At that time, Wang Xia Shaokang ordered him to manage the Yellow River. He carried forward Yu's spirit of water control, dredged rivers, dug ditches, and contributed many horses to his family as transport tools. Later, due to overwork, he accidentally fell into the water and drowned while checking the water level of the Yellow River. After his death, he was called the Water God by later generations, named Xuanming.
According to legend, after Hou Ming's death, Wang Hai, the eldest son of the Shang Dynasty, inherited Hou Ming's throne. He was no longer the water ruler of the Xia Dynasty, but devoted himself to animal husbandry. He saw that his ancestor Xiangtu trained horses into tools that were easy to drive and carry. However, at that time, horses were mainly produced in the north. There were still very few horses in the Central Plains, and it was also difficult to raise horses, so the horse breeding industry did not develop rapidly. Wang Hai tamed cattle to drive and carry things. Cows are not as fast as horses, but cows are bred and domesticated faster than horses. In a short period of time, Wang Hai tamed a large number of cattle. As far back as 3,000 years ago, most of the land in the motherland was covered with rivers, mountains and trees, and there was very little land available for development. Many areas are still home to birds, animals, insects and snakes.
Communication between different regions is not easy because there are no roads and transportation is not convenient. That is, there were only a few roads on land between the larger nations and tribes, and there was not much trade between them. After Wang Hai tamed cattle as transportation tools, he often drove cattle, sheep and square objects carried by cattle and horses to trade between countries and tribes in the eastern region. Because Wang Hai had a lot of trade contacts with other countries and tribes, everyone knew that he was a merchant and called him a merchant. Therefore, some scholars believe that people who do business in China are called merchants, which is derived from the story of businessman Wang Hai selling cattle.
According to legend, one year, Wang Hai and his younger brother Wang Heng led a group of Shang Dynasty people, driving many cattle and sheep, carrying square objects exchanged from the eastern region, and crossed the Yellow River to the north. , traveled a long distance to a tribe called Youyi in the Yishui River Basin. In some ancient books, Yi language is written as Hu. This is because the ancient Yi characters are similar to the characters of Hu, but the writing is wrong. Plan to exchange some food and square items with the chief cotton minister of the Yi people. When Mianchen saw brothers Wang Hai and Wang Heng bringing many things to the river to offer sacrifices, and Wang Xuan bringing cattle and sheep to the river, they were very happy. They treated each other with the oracles of the above-mentioned guests and held a grand banquet for Wang Hai's brothers. During the course of the feast, there was a performance of the Dry Feather Dance and new music and songs to help. Businessmen have been drinking excessively since their ancestors. The Wang Hai brothers drank a few drinks while singing and dancing, which made Minister Cotton very angry because they were too indecent to the woman hosting the banquet. He sent people to kill Wang Hai at night. The next day, he detained all the things, cattle and sheep, brought by Wang Hai's brother, and ordered Wang Heng and the merchants to be expelled from the Yi people. He begged Mianchen to return the cattle and sheep to him, but failed to do so, so he had to flee back to Shang with his entourage.
After Wang Heng returned to the Shang Dynasty, he had to tell Wang Hai's son and nephew truthfully about his murder. On the one hand, Shang Jiawei blamed his uncle for his debauchery and hurt his father. On the other hand, he was determined to avenge his father. It is also called Wei in ancient books. Shangjia is the name given by the descendants of the Shang clan in the ancestral hall, which is called the name of the temple. Wei is Shangjia's name. Since the Shang Dynasty, there have been ten heavenly stems in the Shang Dynasty, namely A, B, B, D, Wu, Ji, Geng, Xin, Ren and Gui, as temple names. The oracle bone inscriptions refer to merchants as merchants. In the Shang Dynasty, there were many words to worship merchants, and the sacrificial rituals were also very grand.
As a vassal state of the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty had strong power in Xiangtu and could extend its power to the sea. But since Chang Rushi, he has devoted himself to agriculture and animal husbandry production. After the water administration of the Xia Dynasty, he devoted his life to river management, but did not pay attention to the organization and training of Shang armed forces. Therefore, when Shang Jia avenged the king's poster, he felt that his strength was not enough to deal with the Yi people, so he turned to Fang Bo and Bo who lived on the banks of the Yellow River for help.
Since Hebo was also a country of the Xia Dynasty, Shao Kang was ordered to regulate the river until the Ming Dynasty. Hebo was close to the Yellow River and was also an area with frequent floods. The Ming Dynasty regulated the river to eliminate floods. Hebo was very grateful and respected Ming, and has always maintained friendly relations with the merchants. He Bo and Yi Mianchen have always been friendly and have contacts with each other. When Wang Hai was easily killed by Mian Chen, Xia Wangxie knew this and ordered Shang Jiawei to succeed Wang Hai as Shang Hou. Shang Jiawei, the Marquis of Shang, sent people to find He Bo and asked him to send people to help him avenge his father. He Bo did not want to send troops at first, but Shang Jiawei went to He Bo personally to complain that his father Wang Hai had been killed. He Bo also felt that Yi Mianchen was an unfair person, so he agreed to open a school to help him cut down Yi Mianchen. After a period of preparation, Shang Jiawei also organized an armed team and sent people to send some cattle and sheep to Hebo. Around the middle of the Xia Dynasty, Shang Jiawei led a group of merchants to join He Bo's army. Mian, the leader of Youyi, heard that the troops of Shangjiawei and Hebo had attacked him, so he summoned leaders of all sizes and organized troops to resist. The two armies fought on the bank of Xiaoshui.
Shang Jun wanted to avenge the prince, and He Bo wanted to seek justice for Shang Hou. All the sergeants were brave, but the Yi tribe's army was unable to resist and eventually retreated. Mianchen was also killed by Sergeant Shang in the melee. Shang Jiawei and He Bo divided the property of Youyi and Youyi tribes. These prisoners became slaves of Shang and Hebo. Yi's was destroyed by Shang Jiawei.