Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven.

1. Haydn

Franz Joseph Haydn (March 31, 1732 - May 31, 1809), a famous Austrian composer, Vienna classical music The earliest representative of the faction.

He created a large number of works in a difficult environment and became the leading musician at that time. After two trips to London, he wrote twelve "London Symphonies", which were the best works in his life and became famous throughout Europe. His compositions cover a wide range of areas, among which symphonies and string quartets are the most outstanding.

He fixed the symphony into the form of four movements and formed a complete symphony orchestra arrangement based on instrumentation, laying the foundation for the development of modern symphony. He often used the "principle of theme utilization" in the development of music, which directly inspired Beethoven's "motive development" inspiration. Haydn is also the author of the current German national anthem.

2. Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (January 27, 1756 - December 5, 1791), Austrian composer Mozart , is not only an outstanding master of classical music, but also an extremely rare musical genius in human history. He is known as the "Music Prodigy" and the "Christ of Music."

He is one of the representatives of the Vienna Classical School. As a model of classical music, he played a huge role in the development of European music. His works even foreshadowed the advent of the Romantic music period.

His short life left an extremely precious and rich musical legacy to the world, including 22 operas, 41 symphonies, 42 concertos, a requiem, sonatas, chamber music, and religious music. and songs. Based on early classical composers such as Haydn, Mozart developed the piano concerto genre to an unprecedented peak.

3. Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven (December 16, 1770 - March 26, 1827), the great German composer, One of the representatives of the Viennese classical music school, he played a decisive role in the development of world music and was revered as the "Music Saint". Born into a civilian family in Bonn, Germany, the family is a family of singers at the court of the Elector of Cologne. He studied music from his father since he was a child, and his musical talent was revealed very early. He began performing on stage at the age of eight.

In 1792, he went to Vienna, the capital of music, for further study, and made rapid progress in his art. He believed in peace and advocating heroes, and created a large number of outstanding works full of the flavor of the times, such as the symphonies "Hero" and "Destiny"; the overture "Egmont"; the piano music "Pathetique", "Moonlight", " The Tempest”, “Passion” and more.

He combined the great achievements of classical music and at the same time opened up the path of music in the romantic period. He played a decisive role in the development of world music and was respected as the "Music Saint" by future generations. One of Germany's greatest musicians. One of the representatives of the Viennese classical music school, and also the last one. Together with Haydn and Mozart, he is known as the "Three Masters of Vienna" by later generations.

Classical music refers to the mainstream European music from 1750 to 1825. Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven are outstanding representatives of classical music. Since they all spent their creative maturity in Vienna, they are also called the "Viennese Classical School".

Some say it was from 1750 to 1820. However, the end of the classical period was marked by Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 as a watershed. Contemporary people believe that the characteristics of the classical period in Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 have disappeared.

Extended information:

History

Classical music inherits the development of Baroque music and is a music style or an era in the history of European music. This era saw the emergence of multi-movement symphonies, solo concertos, string quartets, multi-movement sonatas and other genres. The sonata form and rondo form became the most common musical forms in the classical and romantic periods, and their influence was profound until the 20th century.

The size of the orchestra has increased compared to the Baroque period, and it has gradually become a norm for the orchestra to be led by a conductor. The modern piano appeared in the classical period and gradually replaced the harpsichord.

With the impact of the French Revolution on society, the composer's livelihood was also affected, and he changed from initially relying on employment from the court and church to becoming an independent creator.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Vienna Classical School