In Hunan, which is full of morning glory, Changsha, Xiangtan, Yueyang and Zhangjiajie are almost well known. If you say Loudi, I'm afraid many people will shake their heads. Yes, in Hunan, which is famous for its famous mountains, famous buildings, famous temples and famous cities, the cultural heritage is rich and profound, the natural resources are beautiful and strange, the romantic figures are shining with stars, and Loudi is insignificant.
There is no inscribed Yuelu Academy in Loudi, and the famous Neo-Confucianism master Zhu gives lectures here, such as Changsha. Xiangtan also has no "cradle of revolution and hometown of leaders" centered on Shaoshan; Yueyang Tower, which is not as famous as Yueyang, is praised by the world as "worrying about the world first, and being happy after the world"; Unlike Zhangjiajie, it has no seasonal sandstone peak forest landform which is rare in the world and listed in the World Natural Heritage List by UNESCO ... So what's in Loudi?
Loudi is like an ancient thread-bound book. Although the cover is simple and inconspicuous, as long as you try to read it, you will be deeply attracted.
■ Loudi Notes
one
Loudi City, located in the middle of Hunan Province, is a transportation hub in central Hunan and an important industrial town in Hunan, with a total area of 8 1 17 square kilometers and a population of 4 million. As early as the Xia Dynasty more than 4000 years ago, there was an organizational system here. According to legend, the two lucky stars "Lou" and "Bian" complement each other in the sky, so it is called Loudi. Loudi Qin belongs to Changsha County; During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it belonged to Changsha Prefecture and Baoqing Prefecture; In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), it belonged to Changbao Road; 1 1 year (1922), the orthodoxy was abolished and it was directly under Hunan province; 1949, in the early days of the founding of New China, the territory belonged to Yiyang and Shaoyang areas; On February 1960, Loudi City and Lengshuijiang City were established, belonging to Shaoyang District. 1June, 962, Lengshuijiang City and Loudi City were revoked and merged into Xinhua County and Lianyuan County respectively; 1July, 980, the State Council approved the restoration of Loudi city; 1999 1 month, with the approval of the State Council, Loudi area was abolished and Loudi city was established.
A city, the accumulation of characteristic culture is its soul and essence, with which it will appear colorful, full of vitality and characteristics. Loudi is the birthplace of Meishan culture. In order to trace the source, I searched for the remains of Meishan culture in piles of historical papers. I saw the ancestors of Yao and Miao people coming from the depths of ancient times, coming from the war, fighting and shouting. According to legend, the ancestors of Yao and Miao are descendants of Pangu, and they belong to Sanmiao Jiuli Tribal Alliance. He first lived in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and in the process of his westward advancement, he had a war with the Yellow Emperor Tribal Alliance and the Yanhuang Tribal Alliance, which expanded eastward. After the defeat of Zhuolu, most of Jiulimeng was forced to move south. They went through all the difficulties and came to Meishan (now the Xinhua area in Loudi) to settle down. Because of the high mountains and dense forests, strong folk customs, relatively closed living space and relatively independent nationalities, people here live a primitive farming and fishing life, forming a primitive and closed Meishan culture with a strong witchcraft culture. Meishan culture is a unique regional folk culture based on ancient fishing and hunting culture and in the form of peculiar witchcraft activities. According to the archaeological discovery in Hunan, about 9000 years ago, the ancestors living around Dongting Lake, that is, the four major river basins of Hunan, Guizhou, Yuan and Li, had formed the embryonic form of farming culture based on primitive agriculture. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Hunan was incorporated into the State of Chu, and the Central Plains culture and local culture merged to form a unique Hunan-Chu culture. By the Qin Dynasty, Xiangchu culture had further exchanges with other cultures, which made Xiangchu culture more brilliant.
Since there were human beings, there has been culture.
Man has created culture; Conversely, culture shapes people. The course of Meishan culture undoubtedly confirms this simple and simple truth. Meishan culture, which was bred in the ancient wasteland, has cultivated the Meishan spirit of "diligence, assiduousness, fearlessness, heroism and sacrifice" in the long river of history, and has nurtured generations of people with lofty ideals. For example, Zou in the Ming Dynasty, his "Repeated History of Liu Qing in the Left Dynasty"; In the Qing dynasty, "patrolling and transporting grain changed; Tao Shu, who builds water conservancy and benefits the people; Wei Yuan, who advocated reform and innovation all his life, United against aggression and put forward the idea of learning from foreigners to control foreigners; You Zhikai, who is "cheap and generous, knows how to do public welfare and has no selfishness"; Chen Tianhua and Tan Renfeng, pioneers of the democratic revolution; Cheng, the first person to translate the manifesto from German; Anti-Japanese star Chen Zhengxiang; Internationalist warrior Luo Shengjiao and others, Meishan culture endows them with strong bones and vigorous spirit, making them the elite of the nation. Meishan culture is a bright pearl in Hunan and Chu culture, which has played a great role in the study of local history in China and filled a lot of gaps in the study of folk culture. The research on ethnology, sociology, history, religion and other fields has very important reference significance and great influence, which radiates at home and abroad.
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When it comes to elites, we can't help but mention an important figure-Zeng Guofan. Zeng Guofan, known as the "First Minister" in the late Qing Dynasty, is one of the most influential figures in the history of China. He went to Beijing to study from a remote mountain village in Shuangfeng County, Loudi City. I stayed in Beijing for ten years, moved seven times, and even rose ten levels. 37-year-old, served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Ritual, ranking second in rank. When the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom swept the land of Hunan and Chu, he set up a special militia team in his hometown-Xiang Army, and went through hardships to pacify the world for the Qing Dynasty. He was named the first-class brave marquis of Wu and became the first person in the Qing Dynasty to seal the marquis of Wu as a scholar. Later, he served as Governor of Liangjiang and Governor of Zhili, ranking first in the official position, and was named "Zheng Wen" after his death.
Zeng Guofan is the most prominent and controversial figure in China's modern history. During his lifetime, he received different praise and criticism, including the reputation of "the first minister of ZTE" and the notoriety of "traitor". It was not until recent years that history gradually restored a true Zeng Guofan. Objectively and fairly speaking, Zeng Guofan lived in a turbulent era. The Qing Dynasty changed from a prosperous time of Ganjia to a decline, and internal troubles and foreign invasion followed. Because Zeng Guofan and others turned the tide, there was once a situation of "tongzhi Zhongxing". He purged the political style, advocated learning from the west, and initiated "Tongzhi Zhongxing", which delayed the Qing Dynasty, whose building was about to collapse, for another 60 years. No one can surpass his achievements, his works and thoughts. And made it the last spiritual idol of China feudal society. This influence not only played a role at that time, but also continued to this day. According to historical data, all kinds of people living on the stage of modern history in China, whether positive or negative, were influenced by Zeng Guofan to varying degrees. In his youth, Mao Zedong once said, "Fools love their own people and serve Ceng Wenzheng alone." Visible zeng guofan's great influence. In particular, his letter to Zeng Guofan basically contains the main ideas of Zeng Guofan's life. Zeng Jiashu's writing is leisurely, free in form, free in thought and free in writing, and contains true knowledge and good words in daily family affairs. It is the thinker's observation experience of the world and people's hearts; A scholar's study experience: a successful person's struggle experience for his career; It is also the exposure of the spiritual world of great men with thousands of ditches and valleys in their chests. Although Zeng's works have been handed down from generation to generation, only one letter from home can reflect his knowledge and moral cultivation, thus winning the reputation of "the highest generation of moral articles".
No matter what kind of person Zeng Guofan belongs to, history is fair and objective. At least one thing is certain, Zeng Guofan had an important influence on his historical period and China society in later generations. No matter his personality, academic thought, housekeeping, leading troops to fight, or literary contributions, they all played an inestimable role in that era and even now. "Cultivate one's morality, put one's family in order, govern the country and level the world", Zeng Guofan said so and did the same. He ruled the army and the family all his life, cultivated self-cultivation, was strict with himself, and practiced the highest pursuit of feudal literati, such as making contributions, making statements and establishing morality, so he was praised as a model of moral cultivation by later generations.
One side of the landscape supports the other. Excellent talents and Zhong Ling's beautiful Loudi landscape have nurtured generations of talents. Besides Zeng Guofan, there are a large number of people with lofty ideals, such as Chen Tianhua, a famous diplomat in the late Qing Dynasty and a pioneer of the Revolution of 1911, Cai Hesen in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, an international communist fighter and revolutionary educator Cheng. They wrote a touching chapter in the long history with their own personal experiences. If it weren't for the distortion under special historical conditions, Loudi would have been famous, because the existence of place names and Zeng Guofan is enough to make people sit up and take notice of Loudi's landscape.
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In addition to talents, Loudi is also rich in mineral resources, and is known as the world antimony capital, Li Bai coal sea, Shili steel city and the hometown of non-ferrous metals. There are 48 kinds of proven mineral resources available for exploitation, with large reserves and high grade. Among them, antimony reserves rank first in the world, coal reserves rank second in the province, and non-metallic minerals such as gypsum, graphite, barite and marble rank among the best in Hunan and even the whole country.
Loudi enjoys an excellent geographical location and convenient transportation. Since ancient times, it has been the main strategic location of Hunan Province and the main road connecting the north and the south and connecting the east and the west. The Hunan-Guizhou Railway, which runs through the east and west, and the Loushao Railway, which runs through the north and south, are like shining silver shuttles, weaving Loudi into a network leading to prosperity. After the Tan-Shao section of Shanghai-Rui Expressway was completed, Loudi was connected into a 1 hour economic circle centered on Changsha, the provincial capital, and the Luozhan Railway with a total investment of 200 million yuan was completed, making Loudi another transportation hub in Hunan after Zhuzhou and Huaihua. The completion of 207 national highway, National Highway 320, Loulian (Loudi-Lianyuan) high-grade highway, Tai 'ao (Taiyuan-Macau) highway and Nanjing-Gaotai high-grade highway is more like a vein extending in all directions in the network. The convenience of transportation has laid a solid hardware foundation for Loudi's economic construction and provided good development conditions.