These basic elements combine with each other to form the common "formal elements" of music, such as rhythm, melody, harmony, strength, speed, mode, form and texture. The formal elements of music are the means of expression of music.
1, rhythm: the rhythm of music refers to the length and strength of sound in music movement. The rhythm of music is often compared to the skeleton of music. Beat is the periodic and regular repetition of repetitive beats and weak beats in music. Traditional music in China calls the beat "board eye", and "board" is equivalent to strong beat; "Eye" is equivalent to the second strong beat (middle eye) or weak beat.
2. Melody: Melody is also called melody. The ups and downs of music are organized horizontally and methodically according to a certain rhythm, forming a tune. In a complete musical work, tune is one of the most important means of expression. The direction of melody is endless, and there are three basic directions: "horizontal", "upper" and "lower".
The direction of the same sound is called horizontal; Accent upward from bass to treble; Drop from high notes to low notes. The common progressive ways of melody are homophonic repetition, progressive and jumping. According to the adjacent notes of the scale, it is called progressive, the jump of three degrees is called small jump, and the jump of four degrees or more is called big jump.
3. Harmony: Harmony includes "chord" and "harmonic progression". Chords are usually sound combinations formed by three or more notes overlapping vertically (simultaneously) according to certain rules. The transverse organization of chords is harmonic progression. Harmony has obvious functions of strong, light, thick and thin colors; It also has the functions of forming clauses, dividing paragraphs and ending music.
4. Intensity: the intensity of the midrange in music.
5. Speed: the speed of music.
6. Mode: The tones used in music are connected according to a certain relationship, and these tones form a system centered on one tone (tonic), which is called mode. Such as China's major mode, minor mode and pentatonic mode. The tones in the mode are arranged from the tonic to the highest tone to form a scale.
7. Form: the horizontal organizational structure of music.
8. Texture: the combination form of each voice in a multi-voice music work (including vertical combination and horizontal combination).
9. timbre: timbre can be divided into vocal timbre and instrumental timbre. In the timbre of human voice, it can be divided into children's voice, female voice and male voice. The difference of musical instrument timbre is even more varied. In music, sometimes only a single timbre is used, and sometimes a mixed timbre is used.
Extended data
The sound produced in any musical work is carefully thought and created by the composer. These sounds can be found in nature, but they cannot be music without the ingenious creation and combination of artists. Therefore, both simple songs and large symphonies are permeated with the author's creative thinking and inspiration.
Random lines and colors are not paintings, random language and words are not literature, and similarly, messy sounds are not music. The sound that constitutes a musical image is an organized, regular and harmonious music, including melody, rhythm, mode, harmony, polyphony, musical form and other elements, which is always called musical language. Without creative factors, no sound can be turned into music.
Language has conventional semantics, and every sentence, even every word, has a specific meaning. This kind of meaning is recognized and established in the social scope where language is used; The sound of music is completely different. It is confined to the scope of art and exists only as an artistic exchange. Sounds in any music don't have clear meanings like language, they are non-semantic.