Classical music can refer to:
1: Classical music in a broad sense refers to Western classical music, music created in the mainstream European cultural background from the Western Middle Ages to the present, mainly It is different from popular music and folk music because of its complex and diverse creation techniques and the heavy connotation it can carry.
2: Classical music in a narrow sense refers to classical music, which was the mainstream music in Europe from 1750 to 1820, also known as the Vienna Classical School. The three most famous composers of this school are Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven.
CLASSICAL MUSIC, translated into Chinese as "classical music". Some people think that "classical" feels antique and old-fashioned, so it is renamed "classical music". Some people also call it "serious music" based on the definition of classical in the Oxford English Dictionary, in traditional and serious style. As a result, "classical music" has been labeled as "serious" again, making people even more afraid to approach it. But the person who made this definition must not have checked the dictionary carefully, because the second meaning of serious is defined as follows: (referring to books, music, etc.) to inspire thinking, not just for entertainment. Therefore, we know that what makes classical music different from popular music is that it has profound connotations, can make people think deeply, and can make people noble and avoid vulgarity. Let’s take a look at Longman Dictionary’s explanation of classical music: music that people consider serious and that has been popular for a long time. It can be seen that classical music is music that has withstood the test of time, remains popular for a long time, and is loved by everyone. Classical music is an independent genre that emphasizes refinement of artistic techniques and the pursuit of rational expression of emotions.
When we listen to the music of Bach, Beethoven, Mozart, and Schubert, it brings us not only beautiful melodies, interesting musical thoughts, but also the most sincere emotions. Either tranquil and elegant, or shocking and inspiring, or joyful and happy, or sad and melancholy... The history of the development of classical music When talking about European classical music, we cannot but mention the Elizabethan and Gregorian periods in the Middle Ages. Music, among which religious music dominates! People's belief and worship of Christ at that time directly affected the politics and music of the society at that time. The music at that time was purely religious and was limited to singing in churches without musical instruments. However, it played a role in the future development of music. Important role!
By 1450, European music began to enter the Renaissance. Due to the political instability in Europe at that time, the prestige and power of the Holy See began to weaken, and the bourgeoisie sprouted. In order to adapt to the development of society and people's needs at that time, New ideas and music began to promote people-oriented ideas, so the Renaissance movement began in various fields. It was at that time that the traditional European major and minor modes gradually formed!
Beginning in 1600, Europe entered a period of great development - the Baroque period, which not only produced great composers such as Bach and Handel, as we all know, but also produced operas, concertos, and sonatas. Other themes have been created and developed one after another.
When European music entered the classical period, that is, after Bach's death in 1750, there was no successor to polyphony in Europe, and the music style turned to simple and practical main tunes. At that time, three music masters appeared: " Haydn, the "Father of Symphony", Mozart, the "Prodigy", and Beethoven, the "Music Saint"! The theme of music has also gradually changed from religious music that lasted for centuries to classical music with rich philosophical connotations!
After Beethoven's death in 1827, the rigorous classicism period ended. At that time, Europe was undergoing the baptism of Romanticism. Composers at that time regarded composition as a means of expressing inner emotions. Their aesthetic appreciation of music also developed further, and musical expression techniques such as dazzling skills were produced! For example, Paganini and Liszt were very popular performers at that time! Music expressions and styles are becoming increasingly rich, and there are some national composers who create in national music languages, such as Finland's Sibelius, Norway's Grieg, Russia's Five Powerful Group, etc., all of whom are members of the national music school. Great composer~
Time entered the 19th century, and Impressionist music led by Debussy appeared! The musical performance is very colorful, which is similar to the painting style at that time!
In the late Romantic period, when the European tonal system developed into its most glorious and final period, I have to mention composers such as Rachmaninov and Mahler, who combined European traditional compositions with The French method has developed to its extreme, and of course it also includes new attempts, with magnificent works such as Mahler's Eighth Symphony "Chorus of a Thousand" appearing.
Furthermore, there is Stravinsky. His neoclassicism advocated polyphony and counterpoint, and adopted polytonality, which played a vital role in the transition from traditional composition methods to avant-garde music!
At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, music had another breakthrough development. Composers starting with Webern broke the twelve-note composition method and abandoned nearly 400 years of European tunes. Sexual system, invented the twelve-tone sequence, and later atonality and other musical forms appeared, such as Schoenberg at that time! After the world war, science and technology became more developed, people's thoughts became richer, electronic music appeared, and cultural exchanges between countries continued to integrate, resulting in richer and more diversified music forms! The music after 1945 is called avant-garde music. The music at this time has shaken people's view of the beauty of music, and has become more theoretical, producing music forms that people cannot understand, such as silent music, noise, microtones, etc.!
Note: According to the broad definition of classical music: from the perspective of professional music creation from the 17th to the 19th century, neither Impressionist music nor modern music belongs to the category of classical music; according to the strict definition of classical music, Classical refers to the musical works of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven and others.
The Medieval Period (before 1450)
This period is mainly a collection of monophonic songs preserved by the Roman Catholic Church that were widely sung in churches. It is mostly used in two liturgies: the first is Mass, with lyrics commemorating the Last Supper of Christ and his dedication, which is the center of the church ceremony; the second is the daily service, which is the eight sacraments sung every day in the monastery, mainly based on psalms. host. Recommended: GREGORIAN CHANT
Baroque (approximately 1600-1750 AD)
The music of this period was the forerunner of modern concerts. The composer's Baroque music has obvious characteristics: gorgeous, complex, ornamental, distorted, focusing on the surreal and majestic, these qualities can be integrated into each other. If the Renaissance era (and later the classical era) represented order and clarity, then the Baroque era (and the later romantic era) represented turmoil, unrest and doubt. Four-part harmony and "figured bass" with text indicating chords were all produced in the Baroque era; the disappearance of the old ecclesiastical modes and the rise of the major and minor scale systems and related tonality that are still in use today are Events of the Baroque Era. In addition, the idea of ??rhythm also sprouted in this era, that is, adding bar lines to music scores. These forms later directly derived into sonatas, symphonies, concertos, preludes and variations. However, there were also some free musical forms in the Baroque era - such as touch, fantasy, overture and theme imitation (ancient fantasy).
Classical period (approximately 1750-1820 AD)
Because the lives and creations of the three representative figures of this period: Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were mainly based on In Vienna, it is therefore also known as the "Vienna Classical School" or "Viennese Classical Music". Among the writers of this period, Mozart's Serenade and Divertiments are very popular. Haydn's Cello Concertos No. 1 and 2 will also be very suitable for beginners to enjoy. As for Beethoven's works, the powerful sound is at your fingertips. Personally, I prefer his violin sonata "Spring", piano sonatas "Pathétique", "Passion" and "Moonlight".
Romanticism (approximately 1820-1900 AD)
The music of this period paid more attention to expressing people’s spiritual realm and subjective feelings, and also expressed natural scenery. It has become more and more prominent, and the use of ethnic and folk music in creation has become more important and more frequent. In the mid-to-late 19th century, a national music school emerged with the mission of revitalizing national music. In terms of music genres, new instrumental solo genres have emerged, such as nocturnes, improvisations, ballades, scherzos, fantasies and songs without words. The works of this period are diverse and each has its own characteristics. The introductory repertoire includes a selection of Schubert's lieder and "The Beautiful Mill Girl"; Chopin's Nocturnes and Piano Concerto No. 2; Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto, Piano Concerto No. 1, No. 2; Wagner Opera Overtures; Brahms Symphonies No. 1 and 3; Tchaikovsky Violin Concerto No. 1, Piano Concerto No. 1; Rachmaninoff Piano Concerto No. 2 , "Paganini Theme and Variations"; Lalo's "Symphony Espa?a"; Ravel Piano Concerto in G major.
The works of the 20th century include Britten's "Orchestral Guide for Young People" and "Sinfonietta", Stravinsky's "Polcinella", "Petroshka", and Prokofiev's Piano Sonata No. 7 and Piano Concerto No. 1. Here we recommend German composer Hindemith's "Symphony Variations on a Theme of Weber" and "The Painter Maxis" Symphony, as well as American composer Copland's "Journal" and "An Ordinary Man's Horn".
Classical music is not unattainable. If you want to get in touch with and understand classical music, listening more is not only the only way, but also the best way. You will find that as long as you listen to it for a long time and get used to it, classical music They are all very nice to listen to, and there is no question of whether they are boring or not. It can give people a kind of beautiful enjoyment and make people think about it. Secondly, it is also very interesting to learn some music knowledge or famous composers. But this category in China Books (magazines) about it are not easy to find. Based on my current understanding, I will introduce a few to you. I hope it will be helpful to those who want to get started and those who love it. If anyone has anything to add, I hope you will write it down for everyone. Appreciate.
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