In December p>212, the 8th National Kindergarten Music Education Observation Seminar was held in Chengdu, Sichuan, echoing the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6. The theme of this seminar was "I study, I grow, I am happy". In this seminar, according to the types of kindergarten music teaching activities, Professor Xu Zhuoya of Nanjing Normal University put forward a new view, that is, under the background of advocating the gamification of teaching, it is more appropriate to divide kindergarten music teaching activities into three types: singing, rhythm and playing music (traditionally divided into singing activities, rhythm activities, music appreciation activities, percussion activities and music games).

I quite agree with this classification method. On the one hand, because music activity is an artistic activity, artistic activity can not be separated from the process of appreciation, perception, experience, expression and creation, which means that all music activities should contain the experience of music appreciation, such as singing, rhythm and percussion activities, which can not be separated from music appreciation in the early stage. On the other hand, from the perspective of children's learning characteristics, children's learning should be gamification. Conversely, good games are learning activities, and all music teaching activities should be game activities. Therefore, to divide kindergarten music activities into three types: singing, rhythm and playing music is not to ignore or neglect music appreciation and music games, but to emphasize the perception of music and the gamification of music teaching.

second, about the goal of kindergarten music teaching activities

when it comes to the goal of music teaching activities, many teachers find it difficult to grasp, mainly because it is difficult to grasp the "degree" of the learning goal of music knowledge and skills, and how to take into account the comprehensiveness of the goal is also difficult to deal with. In this regard, Xu Zhuoya teachers made a detailed and vivid exposition on the issue of "setting the goal of music teaching activities to promote children's all-round development". Professor Xu believes that the first important principle of teaching goal setting is to make music activities truly become a medium to promote children's all-round and harmonious development. This view actually reminds us that the ultimate goal of teaching activities in any field is to promote the all-round and harmonious development of individuals (children). In order to achieve this goal, music teaching activities should strive to highlight children's development requirements in the following aspects: (1) acquiring music knowledge, skills and developing learning quality; (2) acquiring learning skills, strategies and developing learning quality; (3) Develop emotion, positive personality and social quality. Such a target content should be very comprehensive. As for how to express the goal of each piece, Professor Xu has listed some examples, which is of great guiding significance for teachers to put forward and write the goal of music activities.

first, the goal should be specific and clear, reflecting aesthetic requirements. For example, in the first target content of "acquiring music knowledge, skills and developing learning quality", teachers should first examine the music and dance skills contained in music works; Think and experience the aesthetic meaning of these knowledge and skills in this work; It is also necessary to carefully consider the extent to which these knowledge and skills can be operated to have a real challenge to the children in this class. Take the song "Little Bear Crossing the Bridge" in the middle class as an example. In the face of the rest in the song, many teachers will only put forward the goal of "singing the rest in the song well", which is too simple and general. Looking closely at the different aesthetic meanings of the rest in the two songs, we can find that the rest in the first paragraph shows the bear's nervousness and fear, while the rest in the second paragraph shows the firm tone that his mother encourages the bear not to be afraid. Therefore, we might as well change the first goal to "further understand and express the meaning of pause in the song, and try to express the different tones and moods of bear's fear and mother's encouragement with a weak pause and a strong pause respectively." Such a goal is meticulous and operational, so that teachers can pay attention to the aesthetic performance of children when they sing songs in actual teaching, rather than just staying at the shallow level of letting children "learn to sing".

Second, the goal should be to cultivate children's learning ability and learning quality. What impressed me deeply was a small class music activity "Counting Peas", whose second goal was to "distinguish and gradually master the rules and changes of the game by observing the gameplay". In this goal, the learning ability is "observing and discovering", and can "distinguish changes" and master rules. Behind "observing, discovering and distinguishing", children are required to concentrate on activities, and concentration is a good learning quality. In the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3~6, it is proposed to "pay attention to the learning quality of children". Children are curious and interested in learning activities, and they are proactive, earnest and focused in activities, not afraid of difficulties, dare to explore and try, and are willing to imagine and create, which are all good learning qualities.

Third, on the use of game means in the teaching process

The purpose of gamification in kindergarten music teaching is to make "not fun teaching activities more fun", and the key to gamification lies in "transformation", that is, in specific music teaching activities, some "game forms" are transformed into "game States" that can make children enjoy and linger, and stimulate children's curiosity in the game. Professor Xu Zhuoya summarized from the examples of traditional children's folk games in the world.