The waveform of music is different from various musical instruments, and the sound waves are also different, which determines different timbres.
The pitch of music is the height of the sound, which is determined by the vibration frequency.
Speaking of do re mi fa sol la si, everyone can basically sing it decently, but some people can't sing it accurately. We will say that they are "tone deaf". Why do you think his singing is inaccurate? The key lies in inaccurate pitch control. For example, some people will break the high notes in KTV. The same is true if the pitch is off or the target pitch exceeds their range, the sound will break.
"Temperament", the temperament uses certain mathematical rules to specify a series of pitches. These pitches are called "temperament". Of course, not all the temperaments are generally used in a piece of music. . Taking out part of these "temperaments" will form a "scale", such as "pentatonic scale", "septatonic scale", "six-tonated scale", etc., which respectively indicate that five temperaments, seven temperaments are used in these scales Law, six laws, etc. In particular, there is the "diatonic scale", which is a special six-tone scale. The relationship between each tone is a whole tone. It can be recorded as 1 2 3 #4 #5 #6 in simplified notation. There is also the "chromatic scale". It is a musical scale arranged in twelve semitones.
There are 88 keys on the electronic keyboard keyboard, and you can find that they are arranged according to certain rules. The figure below can be considered as a minimum cycle unit.
These musicians are given artificial names, in order C, D, E, F, G, A, B. But there are several groups of C, D, E, F, G, A, and B on the keyboard. Obviously, this group of names is not enough. Therefore, it is artificially stipulated that the C closest to the keyboard lock is recorded as c1, which is pronounced as a group of small characters C; the C to the right of the group of small characters c is marked as c2, which is pronounced as a group of small characters C; and so on. The C to the left of c1 is recorded as c and is pronounced as small group c; the C to the left of small group c is recorded as C and is pronounced as large group C; the C to the left of large group C is recorded as C1 and is pronounced as large group C; and so on . Of course, the sound names are not unlimited. There are generally 88 sounds of different frequencies used in music.
The above are all the names of the white keys. What are the names of the black keys? To this end, some concepts must be introduced: semitones, whole tones, and cents.
The twelve keys are actually the twelve temperaments in the temperament used by the piano. The relationship between every two temperaments is a semitone, and every other temperament is a whole tone. For example, if there is a black key between C and D, it is a whole tone, and there is no black key between E and F, which is a semitone. CDEFGAB These are called natural phonetic names. There is always a semitone relationship between the white keys and the black keys. In order to measure the pitch more accurately, the semitone is divided into one hundred equal parts, and each equal part is called a cent. A whole tone is equivalent to 200 cents.
On the electronic keyboard, if you raise C by 100 cents, you will get a black key between C and D, which is recorded as C (whichever note it changed from is recorded as C sharp). ); lowering D by 100 cents will also result in a black key between C and D, which is recorded as ?D (it is lowered from D, so it is recorded as D and pronounced as D-flat). That is, on the electronic keyboard, ?C is equal to ?D.
Each key on the electronic keyboard has a fixed number of names. C can be recorded as ?B1 and ×D, which represent the same pitch and are called enharmonics, but they have different meanings in music. The note name with sharps and flats added is used as the changed note name.
I hope I can help you clear up your doubts.