Original text Emperor Xiaowen of the Later Wei Dynasty was a young man. When he was four years old, Xianwen suffered from carbuncle, and the emperor personally sucked the pus.

Translation: Emperor Xiaowen of the Later Wei Dynasty had a filial nature that exceeded that of ordinary people since he was a child. When he was four years old, his father, Emperor Xianwen, suffered from carbuncle. Emperor Xiaowen personally sucked the pus from the sore for his father.

Original text: Emperor Xiaozhao of the Northern Qi Dynasty was extremely filial by nature. The Queen Mother did not hesitate and went to live in Nangong. The emperor's behavior was not correct, his appearance was haggard, his clothes were untied, and he was almost ten years old. After more than five hundred steps from the palace to the south palace, the cock crows out and returns at midnight. He comes and goes on foot, without taking a chariot. The Queen Mother's pain increased a little, so she slept outside the pavilion and took care of all the food, drink and medicine. The Queen Mother was always heartbroken and couldn't bear it. The emperor stood in front of the curtain, pinched his palms with his claws, and blood flowed out of his sleeves.

This can be said to be a disease that causes worry.

Translation: Emperor Xiaozhao of the Northern Qi Dynasty was very filial by nature. The Queen Mother was not feeling well and stayed in Nangong. Emperor Xiaozhao was very sad. He couldn't walk straight, looked haggard, and couldn't take off his clothes for nearly ten days. The palace is more than 500 steps away from Nangong. Emperor Zhao went to Nangong to greet the Queen Mother at dawn, and only returned to the palace at midnight. He came and went on foot, never by car. When the Queen Mother's illness worsened slightly, Emperor Zhao slept outside her bedroom door. Emperor Zhao personally served and donated the Queen Mother's food and medicine. The Queen Mother often suffered from unbearable heartache. Emperor Zhao stood in front of her bed and pinched his palms with his fingers, and blood flowed from the cuffs. This means that when parents are sick, their children must express their sorrow.

A filial son mourns and weeps blood for three years

The original text of the Sutra says: A filial son mourns without mourning, has no courtesy, cannot speak in words, and is restless when he hears beautiful things. Whether you are happy or not, you are not satisfied with your food, this is the feeling of sadness. Eating for three days teaches the people not to suffer death or injury and destroys their immortality. This is the government of a sage. The mourning lasts only three years, which shows the people that there will be an end. He lifted it up for its coffin, coffins, clothes and quilts, laid out its clothes and mourned for it. Haoyun cried and mourned to send him off. He divined the fate of his house and placed it in a safe place. He built it as an ancestral temple and enjoyed it as a ghost. When offering sacrifices in the Spring and Autumn Period, we should reflect on the time. Love and respect in life, mourn in death, the foundation of life and the people has been completed, the righteousness of life and death has been prepared, the filial son's work has been completed. A gentleman must commit suicide when his relatives are bereaved, and he must do so without reluctance. The funeral ceremony should be prepared in the official register and should not be included in detail.

The translation of "The Classic of Filial Piety" says: A filial son will cry hoarsely when his parents die, his etiquette will lose his dignity, his speech will not be elegant, he will feel uncomfortable wearing beautiful clothes, he will not be happy when he hears music, and he will not be happy when he eats. Delicious food does not taste sweet, these are signs of sorrow and grief. You should eat three days after the death of your parents. This is to teach people not to damage the bodies of the living because of mourning the dead. Sad and haggard, but not life-threatening. This is what the saints advocate. The period of mourning should not exceed three years, which shows people that mourning should have a certain period of time. Children should prepare coffins, outer coffins and shrouds for their deceased parents, and perform the burial ceremony; they should arrange various sacrificial vessels to express their condolences; during the funeral, they should beat their chests and cry loudly; when placing the coffin, they should divine good or bad luck and choose a cemetery; Ancestral temples were built to worship the dead. Children have to offer sacrifices every year to express their longing for their deceased parents. Children should respect their parents when they are alive, and mourn after their parents die. The children have fulfilled their responsibilities and fulfilled their obligation to provide for them in old age. A filial son has fulfilled his duty of serving his parents. A gentleman's filial piety for his parents is to fulfill his responsibilities, and he must work hard to do it well. Regarding the etiquette that should be followed in mourning, the records in the classics are quite detailed and cannot be elaborated here.

Original text Confucius said: "Shaolian and Dalian are good at mourning. They are not idle for three days, and they are incomprehensible for three months. They are sad during the period and worry for three years. They are the sons of Dongyi." ?Gao Zigao was mourning for his relatives. He cried and cried for three years without seeing his teeth. This is a difficult situation for a gentleman.

Translation: Confucius said: Shaolian and Dalian are very good at mourning. They are not lazy for three days, do not slack off for three months, mourn for a whole year, and are sad for three years. . ?Shaolian and Dalian are both sons of Dongyi. Zi Gao, a disciple of Confucius, mourned for three years and never smiled. Even those gentlemen who were very observant of etiquette thought it was difficult to do this.

Original text: Yan Ding was good at mourning, and when he died, he was very embarrassed. If he asked for something, he could not get it;

Translation: Yan Ding from Lu was very good at mourning. When a person died, he behaved with dignity, as if he wanted something but could not get it; Wang Wangran, as if he was eager to follow someone but couldn't; after the burial, he acted silently, as if he couldn't keep the deceased and he was completely desperate.

Original text Su Ting, a young minister of Taichang of the Tang Dynasty, lost his father. Ruizong became the Minister of the Ministry of Industry and resigned. Li Rizhi, the envoy of the emperor, finally sat down and returned without saying a word. He reported: "Seeing his grief and ruin, I couldn't bear to speak for fear of his death." ?Shang Nai listened to the final decision.

Translation: Su Ting, the Taichang Shaoqing of the Tang Dynasty, suffered the death of his father. It happened that Tang Ruizong planned to appoint him as the minister of the Ministry of Industry, but he refused. The emperor sent Li Rizhi to declare the imperial edict. When Li Rizhi arrived at Su's house, he sat there and said nothing. He went back and reported to the emperor: "I saw that he was too sad and his face was haggard. I couldn't bear to talk about these things anymore for fear of him." Hearing this will make you faint. ?So the emperor allowed him to observe filial piety for three years.

Original text Li Han, the concubine of Zuo, was the envoy of Xuan comfort in Hebei Province. He met Ding's mother to worry about it, so he resumed his official duties. Every state and county post office has never spoken except for official business. Eat vegetables, drink water, and rest on the ground. If the envoy returns, please dismiss him from office and eventually be mourned.

Dai Zong used it to destroy the barren land and promised it.

I can grieve and do my best to mourn my relatives. At that time, there was no shortage of people who came after them to become famous. This can be said to cause mourning.

Translation: When Li Han, the concubine of Zuo, was serving as the ambassador to Hebei, his mother passed away, but he was being appointed as the ambassador to travel abroad at this time. Every time he visited a prefecture or county, he never spoke again except on official business.

I only eat coarse rice every day, drink boiled water, and sleep on the ground. After completing his mission and returning, he requested to be dismissed from office and prepared to go back to mourn his mother. Daizong granted him permission because he was injured due to excessive sorrow. There were many people in every dynasty and every generation who could grieve and do their best to mourn their parents and move their lives with filial piety. This can be said that people who are in mourning can try their best to express their grief.

Sacrifice should be solemn

The original text of ancient sacrificial rites is very detailed and cannot be repeated. Confucius said: "Sacrifice is like this." ?A gentleman treats death as he lives, and his death as he survives. After fasting for three days, you will see what he is fasting for. On the day of sacrifice, there is half joy and half mourning. You must be happy when you are feasting, but you must mourn when it is over. When you enter the house, you will surely see the place where you are. When you leave the house in Zhou Dynasty, you will hear the sound of his face with solemnity. If you listen at home, you will surely hear the sound of sighing. Therefore, the filial piety of the former kings is that the appearance is not forgotten by the eyes, the sound is not lost by the ears, and the aspirations and desires are not forgotten by the heart. Love will be preserved, pain will be cherished, and persistence will not forget the heart. It is disrespectful to be respectful to your husband! Qi Qi is his respect, pleasure is his loyalty, and his desire to enjoy it is not to be ignored. "Poetry" says: "God's thoughts cannot be comprehended, but can be contemplated." ?

This is rough.

The translation of ancient sacrificial rituals is very detailed and cannot be enumerated in detail. Confucius said: "Sacrifice is like the resurrection of the dead." ?A gentleman worships the dead as if he were a living person, fasts for three days, and then goes to see the soul of the deceased whom he wants to fast and sacrifice. On the day of offering sacrifices to the dead, joy and sorrow are equally divided. You must be happy when you offer food to the dead, but you must be sad inside. You should try your best to offer sacrifices outside, and be sincere inside; when you enter the temple where the spiritual tablets are placed, you will seem to see your ancestors sitting there; after worshiping, when you walk out, you will feel like you can hear their voices; after you go out, you will feel like you can hear their voices. The sound of sigh.

Therefore, the late kings respected their relatives, their images never left their eyes, their voices never left their ears, and their desires and hobbies were always in their hearts. Because of his respect and love, his relatives will always live in his heart; because he is sincere, his ears and eyes can clearly show the sounds, looks, and smiles of his relatives. How can we not respect such relatives who live in our hearts and appear in front of our eyes? Respect is expressed in solemn movements, piety is expressed in pleasant postures, attentive and thoughtful, and we only hope that the souls of the deceased who are being sacrificed can enjoy themselves. This little bit of intention. "The Book of Songs" says: "Gods are everywhere and unpredictable. If you are disrespectful, you will be punished." ?That's the gist of it.

Original text: Li Dan, the guest of the Prince of Meng Shu, was over seventy years old. He enjoyed his ancestral examination and washed the utensils himself. People may replace him and refuse to follow him, thinking that he cannot achieve his admiration. This can be said to be a serious sacrifice.

Translation: Li Dan, the guest of Prince Meng Shu, was over seventy years old. When he offered sacrifices to his grandfather, he washed the sacrificial vessels himself. Someone wanted to wash up on his behalf, but he refused, thinking that he would not be able to express his longing. This means that you must behave solemnly and solemnly when offering sacrifices.

With every move and word, no one dares to forget his parents

The original text of the Sutra says: The hair and skin of the body are received by the parents and do not dare to damage them. This is the beginning of filial piety.

The translation of "The Classic of Filial Piety" says: People's bodies, hair, and skin are all given by their parents, and children dare not destroy them at will. This is the beginning of filial piety to their parents.

Original text: Zengzi was ill, so he called his disciples and said: "I will enlighten my feet and my hands." "Poetry" says: "Fighting with fear, as if facing an abyss, as if walking on thin ice." ?Now and from now on I know I will be free from my husband’s boy. ?

Translation: Zengzi was ill, so he summoned his disciples and said: "My body has been inflicted by my parents, and I dare not damage it casually. You take off my quilt and I want to see my body." Hands and feet. "The Book of Songs" says: "Fighting with fear is like facing an abyss or walking on thin ice." ?From now on I know how to educate you on this issue. ?

Original article Le Zhengzi hurt his foot after going to the church in the spring. He could not leave the hospital for several months, but he still looked worried. A disciple of the disciple said: "Master's foot is so bruised that it has not come out for several months. It still looks worried. Why?" Le Zhengzi Chun said: "Good, that's what you asked! Good, that's what you asked! I heard that Zengzi , Zengzi heard that the masters said: "What is born of heaven and nourished by earth is human beings." It can be said that one is filial when his parents are whole and his son is whole. He is perfect if he does not harm his body and does not disgrace his body. Therefore, a gentleman would never dare to forget his filial piety in a moment. Now that I have forgotten the way of filial piety, I feel worried about it. When you make a move, you don't dare to forget your parents; when you speak out, you don't dare forget your parents. When you make a move, you don't dare to forget your parents, because you don't follow the old path, and when you go on a boat, you don't swim. You don't dare to carry the remains of your parents to death; when you speak a word, you don't dare to forget your parents, because you don't speak evil words out of your mouth, and don't speak back when you speak angrily. On the body. Not humiliating one's body and not being ashamed of one's relatives can be called filial piety. ?

The translation states that Lezheng Zichun injured his foot when he came out of the church. He had not been out for several months, and his face still had a worried look. His disciples said: "Teacher, your foot has healed long ago. You haven't gone out for several months. Why is there still a worried look on your face?" Lezheng Zichun said: "You asked well! You asked well! I Zengzi once heard Confucius say: ?Between heaven and earth, a few people are the most noble. Your parents gave you a complete birth, so you should cherish yourself and protect yourself completely. This is filial piety. Don't insult or damage your body casually. This is integrity.

Therefore, a gentleman does not dare to forget his filial piety even if he only takes half a step forward. Now I didn’t pay attention to filial piety and injured my foot, so why am I worried!?

People don’t dare to forget that their bodies are given by their parents no matter what they do or do. As long as they speak, they don’t dare to forget that they are the same as themselves. Parental contact. Precisely because we dare not forget what our parents have taught us about our bodies, we don’t walk crookedly and run around, and we take a boat when we are near the water instead of swimming. This is because we dare not take the consequences of what our parents have taught us and put our bodies in danger; You don’t dare to forget your parents when you speak, so you don’t say unpleasant words, and you don’t use angry and hurtful words towards yourself. Neither insulting the body given by your parents nor humiliating your parents because of it, this can be said to be filial piety.

Saving parents from danger, going through fire and water without hesitation

The original text may say: What should you do if your relatives are in danger? Is it because you are worried about yourself and don't save you? Said: It's not so true. A filial son honors the remains of his parents without daring to hurt anyone in ordinary life; and he shows partiality to benevolence and righteousness, even if he goes through fire and water without hesitation, how much more can he save his relatives from danger! In ancient times, there were many people who preferred their relatives to death.

Translation: Someone asked: What should you do if your parents or relatives are in danger? Are your children also worried about being harmed and not saving them? The answer is: This cannot be understood. When a filial son treats the body given by his parents, he usually does not dare to harm even the slightest bit; when it comes to sacrificing his life for charity and righteousness, he will not hesitate even to go through fire and water, let alone to save his parents and relatives in times of crisis! Since ancient times, we have been caring for our parents and relatives. There are many, many dedicated people.

Original article Pan Zong, a native of Wucheng in the late Jin Dynasty, was revolted by Sun En and conquered the village. Zong and his father, Piao, walked together to avoid the thieves. Piao was old and late, so the thieves turned to him. Piao Yuzong: "I can't go. You can escape if you go. Fortunately, we both don't die." Sitting on the ground in a sleepy state, Zong greeted the thief and kowtowed, saying: "My father is old and begging for life." When the thief arrived, he also invited the thief and said, "Young man can leave on his own, but I won't go now." A filial son is willing to die to live here. ?The thief held his father under his belly because he was cutting off his body. The thieves cut the head and face, causing four wounds, and the head and face will be dull at that time. A thief came to meet him and said, "You are doing something important, and this son died to save his father. How can I kill him? It is unlucky to kill a filial son." ?The thief will be stopped, and the father and son will be spared.

Translation: Pan Zongzheng, a native of Wucheng in the late Jin Dynasty, caught up with Sun En and made a rebellion, attacking villages and towns. Pan Zong and his father Pan Piao ran away to avoid the bandits. However, because Pan Piao was old and slow in action, the bandits chased Pan Piao. Pan Piao said to his son Pan Zong: "I can't escape. You can escape by running quickly. We can't all wait here to die." ?At this time, Pan Piao could no longer run due to sleepiness, so he had to sit on the ground. Pan Zong stopped in front, kowtowed to the thieves who were rushing over and begged: ?My father is already old, please spare his life. When the thieves arrived, Pan Piao also begged the thieves: "My son is young. He could have run away, but he did not leave because of me, his father. He is a filial son who died to save his father. Please spare him." Bar. ?The bandit used a knife to chop Pan Piao, and Pan Zong held his father under him. The bandits then chopped Pan Zong's head. Pan Zong was hit four times in a row and fainted at that time. At this time, a thief ran over from the side and said, "Your Excellency is doing something big. This man died to save his father. How can we kill him? It is unlucky to kill a filial son." ?So the thieves stopped killing Pan Zong, and the father and son survived.

Original salvo: The mother of the school captain Yu Daomin was drifting to Jiaozhou, while Daomin was still in her infancy. If you know it when you are older, I will ask you to be the assistant of Suining Prefecture in Guangzhou. When we get to Fu, we have to go to Jiaozhou, which is still far away, so we have to bear the burden ourselves and risk our own way to get there. When I arrived in the state, I sought my mother, but I couldn't find her for many years, and I cried day and night. When I entered the village, it was raining heavily at dusk, so I sent my family home.

There is a woman who pays back her salary from outside, and she is moved by sympathy. Because she visits her, she is her mother. So he fell down and cried. Went from far and near without shedding tears.

Translation: When the biological mother of Captain Yu Daomin drifted to Jiaozhou, Yu Daomin was still an infant. When he grew up and learned about this, he asked to be appointed as the governor of Guangzhou Suining. After he took office, Fu Zuo was still far away from Jiaozhou, so he carried his luggage and took the risk to Jiaozhou. When he arrived in Jiaozhou, he looked for his mother, but could not find her for a whole year. He cried day and night. Once he entered a village. It was already dark but it was raining heavily, so he stayed at a family's house. After a while, an old woman came back from outside carrying some firewood. Dao Min seemed to have something in his heart. He stepped forward and asked, and it turned out that this old woman was indeed his biological mother. So mother and son reunited, hugging each other and crying. Everyone who came to watch it from far and near was moved to tears.

Original text: Ji Chong, the chief administrator of Xiangzhou in Liang Dynasty, whose father Tianjian was the original township magistrate at the beginning, was falsely accused by officials and was arrested by Tingwei. On the fifteenth day of the year of Chong, I cried on Qu Road and prayed to the minister. Pedestrians who saw it all burst into tears. Although his father's principles were innocent, he was ashamed to serve as an interrogator. This was a false accusation and he deserved to be punished. Zhou Nailao went to hear the drum and begged for his father's life. Emperor Wu Jiayizhi still used his childishness and suspected that he had been taught by others, so he ordered Tingwei Cai Fadu to severely threaten and lure him and take money from him.

After the Dharma was returned to the temple, Chen Huixun was present, and he asked sternly: "You asked to die in your father's stead. Since the decree has been granted, you should obey the Dharma." However, when the sword is cut, the judge will die. And if you, a child, do not have this ambition, you must be taught by someone. Who is your name? If you have any regrets, please listen to me. He said to him: "Although the prisoner is weak, don't you know that death can be frightening?" Looking at all the younger brothers and young ones, the prisoner is the elder. He can't bear to see his father being tortured, so he delays his death. Therefore, cut off the inner thoughts and thoughts, and go up to thousands of chariots. Now I want to die in an unexpected situation, leaving my bones in the spring soil. This is not a trivial matter, how can I be taught by others? I know that the law cannot be bent, so I am more gentle and tempting, saying: "The Lord knows that the noble prince is not guilty, so he should be exonerated." Liang Guanjun is so beautiful that he can be called a good boy. If I say goodbye now, I'm lucky that father and son can help each other.

Xi, who is praying for soup in this wonderful year, said: "Every kun, ooid, and ant still cherishes his life, but it's a human being! How can he be willing to eat the powder?" But if my father is deeply impeached, he must be punished. Therefore, I miss the death of my servant and hope to prolong my father's life. When he first saw the prisoners, the prison guards were prepared to add shackles according to the law. The law regulates Jinzhi, and his orders are to get rid of his two weapons, and even to order the younger one. Chong Fu listened and said: Chong asked to die in his father's stead. How can he be reduced to death row? He was not freed from his weapons. After hearing the law, the emperor pardoned his father and son. Danyang Yinwangzhi asked him to tell the story of his stay in Tingwei and his hometown, hoping to show his pure filial piety at the beginning of the year. He said: "What a surprise, Wang Yin! How can one measure the thinness of a cone?" It is true that a husband's father humiliates his son and dies, but if there is a face for him to do this, it is because the father bought his name. How can it be such a humiliation? Just refuse it and stop. This chapter is especially the author of it.

Translation tells the story of Ji Chong, the chief administrator of Xiangzhou in the Liang Dynasty. When his father Tianjian first served as the original township order, he was framed and arrested and interrogated by Tingwei. Ji Bin was only fifteen years old at this time. He cried on the street and interceded for his father in front of some officials. Pedestrians on the road shed tears when they saw it.

His father was not guilty, but he was ashamed to be interrogated by the jailer, so he deliberately admitted his guilt, and the crime deserved to be beheaded. Ji Bian went to beat the Dengwen drum alone and asked to die on his father's behalf. At that time, Emperor Wu of Liang was quite amazed by this young man, but he also thought that he was just a child and someone was probably teaching him, so he ordered Tingwei Cai Fadu to interrogate him strictly to find out the actual situation. Fadu returned to the government office, deliberately placed more ropes to bind the criminals, and then shouted loudly: "You asked to die in place of your father, and the emperor has agreed. You will be punished now." But swords and axes are ruthless, so just to be cautious, double-check whether you are worthy enough to die. And you are a child and don’t know how to die on behalf of your father. Someone must be teaching you. Who is this person’s name? If you regret it, we can reconsider it. ?Ji Zhou replied: ?Although I am a child, can I not know that beheading is very terrible? But when I look around at home, all my brothers are still young, and I am the eldest. I can't bear to sit back and watch my father suffer the death penalty while I am alone. Live in the world. So I took matters into my own hands and interfered with the royal laws. Now I really want to die in my father's place. Isn't this true? Why should I ask others to teach me? Cai Fadu knew that he could not make him surrender by threatening him, so he put on a gentle face and said to him:? In fact, the emperor already knows that your father is innocent and should be released. I see that you are bright, smart and handsome. You are really a good boy. If you want to change the theory that you died in your father's stead, maybe both you and your son will be fine. Why should I spend such a good time to die in vain? Ji Zhou replied: Even insects know how to cherish their own lives, but what about people? How can I be willing to die, but if my father is impeached, he must be punished by criminal law. , so I thought about sacrificing myself to save my father’s life. ?When Ji Chong was first detained, the jailer put all the shackles on him according to regulations. Cai Fadu took pity on him and ordered the two torture instruments to be removed from him, and also asked someone to change him to a lighter torture instrument. Ji Bian refused and said: "I asked to die in my father's place. I am a death row prisoner. How can a death row prisoner reduce the torture instruments? He did not reduce the torture instruments." Cai Fadu told the emperor about these things, and the emperor pardoned them and his son. Later, Danyang Yin Wangzhi collected Ji Bian's deeds when he was taken into custody by Tingwei, as well as his usual good deeds in the countryside, and wanted to recommend him as a model of filial piety to his parents at the beginning of the year. Ji Bian said: "It's strange, Wang Yin! Why do you think of me so worthless? It is a common principle for a son to die to save his father when he is in trouble. If I have the face to be a model of filial piety, then How shameful is it to use your father to make a name for yourself? He didn't agree to do this, so the matter stopped. These are all examples of filial sons sacrificing their relatives with death.