A musical scale is a sequence of tones arranged in whole tones, semitones, and other intervals.

1. The basic scale is the C major scale, and all white keys are used when playing on the piano. Scales are divided into "major scale" and "minor scale", that is, "major mode" and "minor mode".

2. The major scale is composed of 7 tones, of which there are semitone intervals between the 3rd and 4th tones and between the 7th and 8th tones, and whole intervals between other tones. There are semitone intervals between the 2nd and 3rd notes and between the 5th and 6th notes of the minor scale.

Pentatonic scale

Detailed name is "pentatonic scale without semitones" or "whole-tone pentatonic scale".

Widely popular in Asia, Africa, some islands in the Central Pacific, Hungary, Scottish folk music, and among native American tribes before Europeans arrived in the Americas. Often called the "Chinese scale".

The five levels have special names in traditional Chinese culture, namely: Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng, and Yu.

The interval organization is that there are three whole tones in each octave, divided into two strings (Gong-Shang-Jiao) and a separate one (Zheng-Yu), with □ between the two sections. Sounds are separated, see example 2 below:

Each note in the scale can be used as a tonic to establish a mode, which can form 5 different pentatonic modes. On the basis of the pentatonic scale, different additional tones (partial tones) can be inserted into each interval of the □ tone to form a heptatonic scale (a heptatonic scale with the pentatonic tone as the main tone).

Additional tones can be inserted in 3 different ways to form 3 different scale forms (see Gong Diao). The pitch of the additional sound can often wander, and the wandering pitch sometimes divides the interval of the □ sound into two intervals of about three-quarters of a tone each.