How to practice vocal music:

The purpose of vocal music practice

1. To make the muscles of various organs of the vocal system more powerful and coordinated.

2. Establish a correct sound concept.

3. Expand the range of the suite and beautify the sound quality.

Precautions

1. Step by step.

2, practice hard every day and persevere.

3. Pay attention, be full of energy and be full of * * * when practicing your voice.

4. It is necessary to unify the subjective and objective, and often record and analyze the difference between the real voice and the self-perceived voice when making a sound.

5, to consolidate the correct vocal feeling.

6, we should apply the experience of practicing vocal techniques to singing songs.

7. Beginners should not pursue high volume and treble, but should pursue mellow and comfortable voice and beautiful sound quality.

Specific methods

Practice from the natural sound area. The natural sound area refers to the sound area that can be sung without much effort. It is the most free and colorful voice in human voice, generally not exceeding eight degrees. Generally, the alto for men and women drops by 7 from low volume to alto, and the alto for men and women ranges from 2 to 1.

When the sounds in the natural sound area are gradually consolidated, we should move the mellow, bright and soft colors when singing these sounds to the adjacent high and low sounds. When the number of such sounds gradually increases, our range will gradually expand and the whole range will be unified and even. You can use it freely when singing high notes and low notes.

If you don't practice according to the method of starting from the natural sound area, and you don't sing well in the natural sound area, and you start singing high notes and low notes when you don't have a breathing foundation, then there will be some problems in your voice. Some people sing songs with their voices divided into two sections, or the high notes are tight and sharp. The phenomenon of bass pressure and dumb waiting is the result of practicing high and low voices when the sounds in the natural sound area have no foundation.

For the comrades who have been engaged in singing, it is of great benefit to find time to do some exercises in natural sound areas every day, which will unify the sound areas and make them sound freely.

Correction of diseased voice in vocal music teaching:

When students are learning vocal music, for various reasons, they develop bad singing habits and form diseased voice for a long time. Correcting diseased voice is an unavoidable problem for every vocal music teacher.

Sick voices can be roughly divided into two categories. The first category is that the previous training methods were improper, which destroyed the voice function. The common situations are: 1) the larynx is too open and the vocal cords are not closed well; 2) Squeeze the larynx too much, making squeezes and clicks. The second kind is that after the second and third grades, the pronunciation is suddenly inaccurate. This phenomenon is often accompanied by the improvement of the difficulty of the track and more and more frequent.

Whether the larynx is too open or squeezed, in the final analysis, it is caused by bad breath. Because of the bad breath, I can't find the right fulcrum, so I can only focus on it with my voice. If you don't pay attention to the breath in training, whether it's on or off, you'll end up pursuing the ultimate goal, and the more you practice, the more mistakes you make, and you can't extricate yourself. As a driving force, the breath impacts the vocal cords to make sounds, and after the cavity is enlarged and beautified, a beautiful song is formed. Anyone who has been trained in vocal music knows these basic vocal music theories.

But how to guide students to master these theories correctly is not an easy task. The first thing is to strengthen breath training and guide students to learn the correct breathing methods.

Keep singing while inhaling: Breath is sucked around your belt, so you should practice keeping breath and controlling the speed of inhalation. In short, relax your whole body, inhale slowly through your nose and mouth at the same time, hold it for a while, pull it out evenly, and then relax. These are simple to say, students should practice frequently, experience and practice repeatedly, and eventually become their subconscious actions. Secondly, start practicing with the U vowel. The advantage of using U vowel is that it is easy to concentrate the gas beam and coordinate the relationship between breath and cavity. Develop other vowels on the basis of practicing the U vowel, which makes it easy for students to master the correct pronunciation method. In the practice of vocal music, we began to use three or five degrees of vocal music, from shallow to deep, gradually enabling students to overcome psychological obstacles while learning vocal skills and establish confidence in singing. You can also start practicing the voice with the semitone method, so that every voice can be controlled in the state of breath. Because these students' singing functions have been damaged to varying degrees, if they sing aloud, it is bound to be difficult to get rid of the previous wrong vocal methods. In fact, the difference between semitone and whole voice is only the size of breath, and the vocal methods are the same. Semi-voice method is not only conducive to learning correct vocal methods, but also very beneficial to voice control and learning to sing difficult skills. In May, 1997, Professor b.carmen, the head of the Art Department of the University of Maryland, introduced her vocal training method when she gave a lecture at the China Conservatory of Music. His vocal training method is the semi-vocal training method. Step by step according to the methods mentioned above, so that students gradually get rid of the wrong vocal methods of opening their throats and squeezing their throats, and learn to sing correctly. There is a student whose voice is only three and a half tones. He was once sentenced to death by some famous vocalists. After two years of training, I can sing difficult songs and graduate smoothly.

For the second kind of diseased voice problem, the main reason is poor breath control (people who are born with inaccurate pronunciation can't enter the Conservatory of Music). If the breath is too strong, the voice will be high; The breath is not kept, and the sound is often low. Usually, these students' breath is uneven and vacillating. Therefore, there is no rule to follow when their voice is high and when their voice is low. For such students, besides strengthening breath training, they should also work hard on the selection of tracks. The songs sung by students majoring in vocal music in Conservatory of Music can be roughly divided into aria and artistic songs. Arias are often rich in color and vary greatly in intensity. In order to express the artistic conception of poetry, art songs emphasize more on the control of sound, and its strength changes gently. In teaching, some teachers unilaterally pursue the effect of singing, and put the focus of students' singing repertoire arrangement on aria, ignoring the training of artistic songs. It is precisely because of this that some students pay too much attention to the intensity of sound and don't pay attention to breathing, so the pronunciation is inaccurate. This will start with some art songs whose lyrics are not particularly dense. For example, Schubert's Sylvia, King Thule, Brahms's Ode to Sappho, China's ancient songs "Three Stories in Yangguan" and "Homesickness". In addition, let them understand the content of the lyrics accurately, and then inspire them to try their best to imagine the feeling of singing. Sing consciously and softly until they meet the requirements. This is singing in a low voice, just like singing a poem in a low voice. In the third grade, we will increase the difficulty of artistic songs, such as Brahms' Night in May, Foley's By the Water, Moonlight and so on. At this time, you can also take a divertimento, such as Schumann's Women's Love and Life. There is another advantage of singing art songs. Because art songs are closely related to piano accompaniment, there are many inflections, and the tune is often changed. Students must memorize the melody and harmonic structure of piano accompaniment. This not only enables students to master the lines of music and learn to distribute the breath evenly, but also invisibly improves their level of audition and ear practice, killing two birds with one stone. Through a large number of selective art songs training, most students can solve the problem of inaccurate pronunciation. By the time they graduate, their singing ability has been greatly improved, and both difficult arias and art songs with different styles can be completed with high quality.

Wrong voice and its correction:

When singing, due to improper adjustment and application of singing organs, all kinds of bad voices are often produced. The use of these bad vocal methods not only hinders the development of singing, but also seriously affects the performance of singing. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the causes of various bad sounds and correct them.

The common bad sounds are as follows:

1. Laryngeal sounds. Singers who learn Bel Canto are often caused by pressing their throats to pursue loud volume, strong voice and deep timbre. The voice is stuck in their throats, and it feels like the throat cavity or laryngopharynx cavity is squeezing to sing, and the voice sounds dull, empty, and particularly heavy.

Laryngolaryngeal sounds are different from chest * * * sounds, which are unobstructed, generous, not blunt and clean.

Correcting guttural sounds is mainly to pay attention to the aesthetics of sound and establish a correct sound concept, so as to completely remove guttural sounds. Pay attention to the high position of sound when correcting.

2, nasal. It is more common for singers who learn folk singing, because the soft jaw collapses, and the sound waves in the middle of the tongue flow into the nasal cavity, resulting in the loss of the mouth and pharynx. The voice is ambiguous and unpleasant.

correct the vowel sound of A, and feel the sound hitting the hard jaw.

3, shout. More common in popular singers, it is caused by the pursuit of volume range because of the lack of foundation, and the excessive singing of high notes leads to the lifting of the throat, also known as white voice, which is dry and pale and lacks the color of * * *.

To correct it, it is necessary to establish a correct concept of vocalization, sing softly and beautifully, not too loudly, practice in the natural sound area to the middle sound area, step by step, and do not overflow the high notes.

4, air leakage. The voice is dim, empty, weak, not bright, and the volume is weak. It is caused by excessive pursuit of voice relaxation or excessive practice of u vowels to open the throat.

correct the cadence or skip, lalala.

Finally, it is pointed out that many singers' voice problems are not in their throats, but in their thoughts, so it is very important to establish a correct voice concept and voice image, otherwise they will not make progress for a long time.

Scientific principle of vocalization:

There are cricothyroid muscle and arytenoid muscle group in vocal cords, and cricothyroid muscle group is used to lengthen and tighten vocal cords, while arytenoid muscle group is used to shorten and tighten vocal cords. If the vocal cords are stretched and tightened by the cricothyroid muscle alone, the vocal cords will vibrate up and down under the impact of exhalation, which is similar to the strings of stringed instruments such as erhu, guitar and violin being pulled by the bow. If the vocal cords are shortened and tightened by using the paddles, the vocal cords will vibrate up and down to pronounce, but the two vocal cords are still a strong air lock when they are close to each other, and the breath will pass through their edges, which will arouse the left and right swings of the edge parts, and the air will form a periodic pressure fluctuation after passing. Therefore, even if there is no pronunciation effect of the vocal cords vibrating up and down, it can be aroused by closing the air alone.

the pronunciation of the former is called true voice and chest voice, which is in charge of bass. The pronunciation of the latter is called falsetto and head sound, which is in charge of treble. If you work with the cricothyroid muscle alone, the volume is loud, but the sound quality is rough and the ability to sing high notes is poor. If you work only with the paddle muscles, the high notes can be sung, but the voice is sharp and harsh, and you can't express the majestic and passionate emotions. The higher you sing, the harsher your voice is, and below the middle tone, you are frivolous and even unable to make a sound. Only when the cricothyroid muscle and the arytenoid muscle group are used in a very appropriate interactive way can the correct pronunciation be achieved.

Basic knowledge of vocalization:

The vocal organs are composed of the respiratory organs, the vocal organs of the larynx and vocal cords, and the organs that bite and pronounce words. Respiratory organs are composed of mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, lung and thoracic diaphragm.

1. When singing, the posture

is full of energy, the shoulders are slightly spread back, the feet are slightly separated and stand firm, the head should be straight, the neck muscles should be relaxed, the chin should not protrude forward, and the mouth shape should be naturally opened and closed according to the pronunciation requirements of words.

2. Breathing during singing

Slow breathing and slow breathing method: The chest stands naturally, and the breath is slowly sucked into the diaphragm at the lower part of the lung lobe with the nose and mouth, and the ribs expand outward, and the abdomen is slightly contracted. When exhaling, you must keep the inhalation state, that is, keep the diaphragm and chest cavity expanded, and don't let the breath escape quickly.

Breathing in and breathing out: You can experience the state of breathing in after climbing or running. Whether it is slow breathing or urgent breathing, you should breathe in a little deeper, and the amount of breathing in depends on the needs of the singing phrase.

When singing, we should always keep the feeling of inhaling. Even when breathing, we should not completely relax our ribs. We should keep a small amount of breath after each sentence, and add some breath when our ribs are not completely contracted.

3. Vocal cords during singing

When singing in a low voice area, the vocal cords are not tightly closed and elongated, and are thick, and the tension is minimum. When the airflow passes through the glottis, it will cause the whole vibration of the vocal cords.

in the middle vocal region: the vocal cords are close together and become thinner, shorter and more tense, and the air flow through the glottis causes regional vibration of the vocal cords.

when singing loudly: the vocal cords are closed and become thinner, shorter and more tense. When the air flows through the glottis, it only causes the edge vibration of the vocal cords.

Throat when singing: When singing, we should also pay great attention to opening the throat, which should be in a moderate position, and should not be too high to form a solid channel. The flap should be positive, the tongue base should be relaxed, and the chin should be relaxed and put down. We should use the method of half yawning to help us understand the feeling of opening the throat.

Application of * * * singing cavity:

① Oral cavity * * * singing: When vocalizing, the oral cavity naturally opens up and down, the smiling muscles are slightly lifted, the lower jaw is naturally lowered, and the upper jaw feels lifted. This * * * singing effect is bright, forward, easy to get in touch with the head cavity, and can reduce the burden on the throat to protect the vocal cords, so that the muscles of the oral cavity wall and pharyngeal cavity wall are in a positive state.

② Head cavity * * * sound: Move the concentrated reflection point of sound waves on the hard jaw back slightly, lower the jaw, and at the same time close the jaw and lift the small tongue. (The feeling before snorting) Make the passage and space between the oral and nasopharyngeal cavities wider, and this * * * singing effect is crisp and full.

③ Chest * * * sound: the throat yawns half-way, and the lower jaw naturally droops when making sound, moving the reflection point of sound waves from the hard jaw to the back of the lower teeth. This * * * sound is generous and firm. Learn how to practice the correct pronunciation of singing

The voice should be rooted in the lower abdomen. Imagine that the voice should pass through the back spine, to the back of the head and to the back of the mouth. The whole voice should be upright and backward, so the correct pronunciation of singing is very important. Please find the feeling that you take a big bite of an apple, exposing your upper teeth, and at the same time, you make a "hmm" sound, feeling the position of the sound in the back of your mouth and the upper part of your nose. This is a * * * sound point of Bel Canto. Next, the breath sinks, the lower abdomen expands, and a little force is exerted on the lower abdomen. When the male voice is depressed by the Adam's apple, the female voice pays more attention to the position of the voice behind the head, and you will find that the voice is much louder than before. Practicing against the wall often helps to make sound, because leaning against the wall can touch your back spine, which makes it easier for you to find the feeling, and the * * * sound of the chest cavity can vibrate with the wall, which makes it easier for you to find the feeling of the chest cavity. Start with the practice of "Mi Ma" and gradually increase it, which is helpful to practice high-pitched breath; Practice from high to low again, and repeat it, and one day you will find the feeling. Bel canto pays attention to "transparency" and often imagines that his voice is erect, not flat; In addition, we also pay attention to the "* * * sound". After the sound passes through the chest or above the chest, it will be round and full. To experience the * * * sound, you can do this: close your mouth and make a "hmm" sound, with a little affectionate feeling. If the "hmm" is longer, you will feel your head and chest vibrating. If the breath is good, this * * * sound will add a lot of color to your voice. Listen carefully to some tall beauty.