The Central Conservatory of Music is a merger of the Music Department of the College of Literature and Art of North China University, the Music Working Group of the Northeast Lu Xun Art College, the Nanjing Conservatory of Music and its affiliated juvenile class in Changzhou, the Music Department of Beiping Art College, the Shanghai China Conservatory of Music and the Music Department of yenching university. At that time, many celebrities in the music industry participated in the preparations for the Central Conservatory of Music.

In the early days of the college's establishment, the college was very small, with only four departments of composition, vocal music, piano and orchestra, and there was a folk music group in the orchestra. In addition, there are music working groups and research departments; Later, affiliated middle schools and primary schools were gradually established. In the autumn of 1958, the Central Conservatory of Music moved to Beijing. At this time, the school has developed into a music college with complete majors and high teaching quality. In addition to the original four departments, the music department, the headquarters, the national instrumental music department and the national vocal music department have increased. At the beginning of 1964, the National Instrumental Music Department, the National Vocal Music Department and the National Music Research Institute of the Central Conservatory of Music merged with the former Music Department of Beijing Institute of Art to form the China Conservatory of Music.

During the Cultural Revolution, the Central Conservatory of Music was severely damaged and forced to stop its normal teaching and enrollment. This university is facing complete disintegration. After the downfall of the Gang of Four, the Ministry of Culture announced the restoration of the name and organizational system of the Central Conservatory of Music at the end of 1977.

Now, the Central Conservatory of Music has become a higher music institution representing the professional music education level in China, enjoying a high reputation at home and abroad. It is the only national key art college in China, and has formed a complete music teaching system from primary school, middle school, university, postgraduate class to doctoral class. The college has seven professional departments, namely, composition, theory, conducting, singing, national music, piano and orchestra, as well as music research institute and violin making research institute. The teaching facilities, places, musical instruments, books and audio-visual materials of the college have reached a considerable level.

The Central Conservatory of Music also has a team of teachers with a certain academic level and rich experience. Ma Sicong, Li Huanzhi, Yang, Yu, Shen Xiang and many other outstanding predecessors have made great contributions to the development of music education.

Since its establishment, the Central Conservatory of Music has trained thousands of musical talents. Many graduates have become the backbone of China's music and art career, and some of them have already exerted a certain influence on the international music industry. Guo Shuzhen, Lin Yaoji, Zheng Xiaoying, Shi Guangnan, Liu Shikun, Liu Dehai and Li Shuangjiang. Are excellent graduates. In recent years, a group of rookies bid farewell to their alma mater, went abroad and won a place in the international music industry. Su Cong won an Oscar, and Liang Ning and Di Leibel were called China Warblers.

With the expansion of China's opening to the outside world, the Central Conservatory of Music has also established friendly and cooperative relations with many famous foreign music schools. The Youth Symphony Orchestra, Youth Symphony Orchestra and Youth Choir of the College have also been invited to visit for many times, enjoying a high reputation in overseas music circles.