Huai Opera is a type of Chinese Han opera, popular in Shanghai and other areas in Jiangsu Province. In the Qing Dynasty, in Huai'an Prefecture and Yangzhou Prefecture, an artistic and characteristic culture developed from farmers' chants and Tian Ge's "儴崴风" was popular among the people. So, do you know the artistic and cultural characteristics of Huai Opera?
Next, let’s find the answer together from the perspective of urban culture!
The artistic characteristics of Huai Opera
Language: The language of Huai Opera is based on the dialect of today's Jianghuai Mandarin and takes into account the nearby dialects of Huai'an, Yanfu and other places. language. Jianhu County is located in the middle of the birthplace of Huai Opera. Most of the children and incense opera artists in history were born here. Compared with the surrounding areas, the language of this place has the advantages of stable intonation, distinct four tones, complete five tones, rich charm, pure pronunciation, and pleasant to the ear. It has been adopted by Huai Opera artists in different periods.
The language of Huai opera has gradually formed 20 rhymes in the long-term practice. Among them, there are 14 four rhymes, namely climbing sand, whirling, book, sad harvest, qiao shoot, kaihuai, qixi, tanshan, tianxian, chensheng, qinxin, cuihui, changshang and fluffy. In actual application, "chensheng" and "qinxin" are usually used mixedly. Among the 14 four-tone rhymes, the characters Yinping and Yangping are exclusively used in the next sentence in the lyrics, so they are called lower rhymes; the upper-tone and lower-tone characters are exclusively used in the upper sentence, so they are called upper rhyme.
Music: Huai Opera can also be divided into "West Road Huai Opera and East Road Huai Opera" in terms of singing and performance. West Road Huai Opera is mainly produced in Huai'an and Baoying areas. This area is the birthplace of early Huai Opera. The performance and singing methods are based on " "Lao Huai Tune" is the main tune, and the performance is a bit stiff; Donglu Huai Opera is mainly originated from the Yanfu area, and the singing method is "Free Tune" as the main tune, and the performance is flexible. According to the region, it can be divided into "southern part and northern part". The southern part mainly refers to Shanghai and surrounding areas, and the northern part mainly refers to Yanfu, Huaiyangtai and other areas.
Accompaniment: The accompaniment instruments and orchestral instruments of Huai Opera include erhu, sanxian, dulcimer, flute, suona, etc., and the percussion instruments include flat drum, Su gong, cymbals, hall drum, etc. Percussion music evolved on the basis of Xianghuo Xi gongs and drums by absorbing folk gongs and drums such as Qilin gongs and Yanfu flower drum gongs. There are currently [Qiban gongs and drums], [Cross gongs], [Lanqiao gongs], [Moofang gongs], and [Sanban gongs]. Gong], [Panban Gong], [Panic Gong] and [Qingjiang Pu] performed with body movements, etc.
Performance: Huai opera performance is known as Nengshi, Nenggu, Nengwen and Nengwu. Since it has been performed on the same stage as Anhui opera and Peking opera, it has absorbed more of the performance routines of the two operas. , while maintaining some characteristics of folk opera and rap art, such as being good at singing. Martial arts are deeply influenced by Anhui opera. Xu Changshan performs "Rolling Lanterns" with a stack of bowls on his head, drilling on a table and stool to perform splits, handstands, oolong stirs and other movements; other acrobatics such as playing with plates, playing with bolides, playing with handkerchiefs, stepping on wooden balls, etc., are mostly absorbed from Hui opera. Come.
Huai opera is closely related to the production and life of local people and is an important part of Jianghuai culture and Shanghai culture. Its style is simple yet exquisite, with a strong sense of innovation. It reflects the local people's livelihood, sentiments and current social affairs very timely and accurately, and has good research value for local social development. In particular, Huai opera has the advantage of expressing tragedy and can fully embody folk moral concepts and people's spiritual pursuits, and is loved by local people. In addition, because Huai Opera has a long history and is highly comprehensive in its development process, the development history of Huai Opera art has a high supporting value for studying the origin and development of local operas in my country.